Abstract: A novel ether solution of dinitrobenzophenone and a process for preparing an ether solution of diaminobenzophenone therefrom which comprises subjecting a dinitrobenzophenone dissolved in said ether solvent to hydrogenation in contact with a continuous nickel catalyst to obtain said solution of diaminobenzophenone dissolved in said ether solvent. In a specific embodiment said nickel catalyst is mounted on an inert support. In a still further embodiment, said diaminobenzophenone dissolved in said ether solvent, after removal of water therefrom, is reacted with an aromatic dianhydride to obtain a polyamic acid solution. The polyamic acid solution can be heated at a temperature above 100.degree. C. to drive off water of cyclization and thereby obtain the corresponding polyimide resin.

Abstract: A process for preparing dinitrobenzophenones which comprises reacting benzene with ethylene in the presence of an alkylation catalyst to obtain an alkylation product containing unreacted benzene, ethylbenzene, polyethylbenzenes, 1,1-diphenylethane and heavier products, separating benzene, ethylbenzene and polyethylbenzenes from said alkylation product, recovering from the remainder of said alkylation product a fraction whose boiling points fall within the temperature range of about 260.degree. to about 290.degree. C., reacting said fraction with nitric acid at a temperature within the range of about 130.degree. to about 210.degree. C., wherein the molar ratio of nitric acid to said fraction is in the range of about 3:1 to about 8:1, and thereafter reacting the total resulting reaction product with nitric acid in oleum to obtain a nitration product predominating in dinitrobenzophenones.

Abstract: A process for ring bromination of nitrobenzene which comprises contacting the nitrobenzene with an alkali metal bromate and aqueous sulfuric acid.

Abstract: A fuel having reduced tendency to particulate dissemination under shock comprising a liquid hydrocarbon jet aviation fuel of flash point at least 90.degree. F. (32.2.degree. C.) containing dissolved atactic polypropylene.

Abstract: A stable, isotropic emulsion of a water-insoluble material comprising alkenylsuccinic acid-in-water is prepared without an emulsifying agent. The emulsion is prepared by heating an admixture of a water-insoluble material comprising less than 95 weight percent alkenylsuccinic acid and water at a temperature of at least about 50.degree. C., cooling the heated mixture to below about 30.degree. C. and subjecting the cooled mixture to brisk agitation at a temperature below about 40.degree. C. to form a stable emulsion. The remaining water-insoluble material can be an oleophilic material, such as high molecular weight olefins, paraffin wax, long chain alkyl aromatics, pine oil, or the like. The average particle diameter of the emulsion particles is less than about 30 microns.

Abstract: A stable, isotropic emulsion of substantially pure alkenylsuccinic acid-in-water is prepared without using an emulsifying agent. The emulsion is prepared by heating an admixture of substantially pure alkenylsuccinic acid and water at a temperature of at least about 63.degree. C., cooling the heated mixture to below about 40.degree. C. and subjecting the cooled mixture to brisk agitation at a temperature below about 50.degree. C. to form a stable emulsion. The average particle diameter of the alkenylsuccinic acid particles is less than about 30 microns.

Abstract: Compounds of the general structural formula, ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkylamino and R.sup.2 is H or lower N-alkylcarbamyl are made from corresponding m-aminophenylacetylenic compounds by conventional methods and are useful as selective herbicides.

Abstract: A process for preparing m,m'-dinitrobenzophenone which comprises reacting benzophenone with nitric acid in oleum.

Abstract: Compounds of the general structural formula, ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkylamino and R.sup.2 is H or lower N-alkylcarbamyl are made from corresponding m-aminophenylacetylenic compounds by conventional methods and are useful as selective herbicides.

Abstract: Acetylene terminated sulfones and oligomers thereof are prepared by reacting a sulfonyldiphenol with a material selected from the group consisting of a meta-dibromobenzene, a para-dibromobenzene and mixtures thereof in the presence of a potassium base to form a bis-bromophenoxydiphenyl sulfone, which is reacted with a substituted terminal acetylene compound containing at least three carbon atoms and an hydroxy group on the carbon atom adjacent to the acetylene group to form an hydroxy-acetylene terminated phenoxydiphenyl sulfone, which is then subjected to base catalyzed cleavage to form the desired acetylene terminated sulfones and oligomers. An hydroxy-arylacetylene terminated sulfone is prepared by reacting a sulfonyldiphenyl with a material selected from the group consisting of meta-dibromobenzene para-dibromobenzene and mixtures thereof in the presence of a sodium base.

Abstract: A process for reducing the amount of ortho nitro aromatic keto compounds in a mixture containing the same which comprises contacting such mixture with oleum.

Abstract: Compounds of the general structural formula, ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkylamino and R.sup.2 is H or lower N-alkylcarbamyl are made from corresponding m-aminophenylacetylenic compounds by conventional methods and are useful as selective herbicides.

Abstract: A process for converting an olefin, or a mixture of olefins, to an ether, or a mixture of ethers, which comprises reacting said olefin, or said mixture of olefins, with an alkanol in contact with silicatungstic acid.

Abstract: A process for recovering phenols from a hydrocarbon mixture containing the same which comprises extracting such mixture with an aqueous formaldehyde solution.

Abstract: Bromoarylacetylenes such as m-bromophenylacetylene and certain precursors to such bromoarylacetylene are prepared by reacting an aryldibromide with a substituted terminal acetylene compound containing at least three carbon atoms and a hydroxy group on the carbon atom adjacent to the acetylene group in the presence of a dialkyl or trialkyl amine solvent and a catalyst system consisting of a palladium complex containing two halogen moieties and two tri-substituted phosphine moieties. Additional triphenylphosphine can be added. A cuprous iodide promoter is also employed in the reaction sequence. The bromoarylacetylenes can be reacted with a substituted terminal acetylene compound as defined using the same catalyst system as defined to produce the corresponding aryldihydroxy substituted acetylenes. Certain bromophenylhydroxy substituted acetylenes are claimed as new compositions.

Abstract: Aromatic nitroacetylene compounds wherein both the nitro and acetylene groups are directly connected to aromatic ring carbon atoms are hydrogenated at high conversion levels to selectively reduce the nitro function using an unsupported cobalt polysulfide catalyst. Of particular interest is the preparation of aminophenylacetylenes from nitrophenylacetylene.

Abstract: Nitroaromatic hydroxy substituted acetylene compounds wherein both the nitro and acetylene groups are directly connected to aromatic ring carbon atoms are hydrogenated in an inert solvent to selectively reduce the nitro function over a ruthenium disulfide catalyst. Of particular interest is the preparation of aminophenylacetylene from nitrophenyl hydroxy substituted acetylene.

Abstract: Aromatic nitroacetylene compounds wherein both the nitro and acetylene groups are directly connected to aromatic ring carbon atoms are hydrogenated in dilute concentration in an inert solvent at high conversion levels to selectively reduce the nitro function using an unsupported ruthenium disulfide catalyst. Of particular interest is the preparation of an aminophenylacetylene from a nitrophenylacetylene.

Abstract: Chloroarylacetylenes such as m-chlorophenylacetylene and certain precursors to such chloroarylacetylene are prepared by reacting a chloroarylbromide with a substituted terminal acetylene compound containing at least three carbon atoms and a hydroxy group on the carbon atom adjacent to the acetylene group in the presence of a dialkyl or trialkyl amine solvent and a catalyst system consisting of a palladium complex containing two halogen moieties and two tri-substituted phosphine moieties. Additional triphenylphosphine can be added. A cuprous iodide promoter is also employed in the reaction sequence.

Abstract: Nitrophenylacetylene and certain precursors to nitrophenylacetylene are prepared in improved yields by reacting a nitrobromobenzene with a substituted terminal acetylene compound containing at least three carbon atoms and a hydroxy group on the carbon atom adjacent to the acetylene group in the presence of a dialkyl or trialkyl amine solvent and a catalyst system consisting of a palladium complex containing two halogen moieties and two tri-substituted phosphine moieties and some excess trisubstituted phosphine compounds.