Abstract: Techniques for power savings in communications equipment are provided. The computer-implemented method can comprise identifying, by an electronic device operatively coupled to a processing unit, one or more connectivity requirements of one or more servers associated with a data center. The computer-implemented method can also comprise determining, by the electronic device, a defined graph that satisfies the one or more connectivity requirements. The computer-implemented method can further comprise powering down, by the electronic device, one or more elements of the data center that are not required by the defined graph; and powering up, by the device one or more nodes of the data center, which are in any state other than power up, that are required by the defined graph.

Abstract: Techniques for power savings in communications equipment are provided. The computer-implemented method can comprise identifying, by an electronic device operatively coupled to a processing unit, one or more connectivity requirements of one or more servers associated with a data center. The computer-implemented method can also comprise determining, by the electronic device, a defined graph that satisfies the one or more connectivity requirements. The computer-implemented method can further comprise powering down, by the electronic device, one or more elements of the data center that are not required by the defined graph; and powering up, by the device one or more nodes of the data center, which are in any state other than power up, that are required by the defined graph.

Abstract: Techniques for power savings in communications equipment are provided. The computer-implemented method can comprise identifying, by an electronic device operatively coupled to a processing unit, one or more connectivity requirements of one or more servers associated with a data center. The computer-implemented method can also comprise determining, by the electronic device, a defined graph that satisfies the one or more connectivity requirements. The computer-implemented method can further comprise powering down, by the electronic device, one or more elements of the data center that are not required by the defined graph; and powering up, by the device one or more nodes of the data center, which are in any state other than power up, that are required by the defined graph.

Abstract: Techniques for power savings in communications equipment are provided. The computer-implemented method can comprise identifying, by an electronic device operatively coupled to a processing unit, one or more connectivity requirements of one or more servers associated with a data center. The computer-implemented method can also comprise determining, by the electronic device, a defined graph that satisfies the one or more connectivity requirements. The computer-implemented method can further comprise powering down, by the electronic device, one or more elements of the data center that are not required by the defined graph; and powering up, by the device one or more nodes of the data center, which are in any state other than power up, that are required by the defined graph.

Abstract: Techniques for power savings in communications equipment are provided. The computer-implemented method can comprise identifying, by an electronic device operatively coupled to a processing unit, one or more connectivity requirements of one or more servers associated with a data center. The computer-implemented method can also comprise determining, by the electronic device, a defined graph that satisfies the one or more connectivity requirements. The computer-implemented method can further comprise powering down, by the electronic device, one or more elements of the data center that are not required by the defined graph; and powering up, by the device one or more nodes of the data center, which are in any state other than power up, that are required by the defined graph.

Abstract: Techniques for power savings in communications equipment are provided. The computer-implemented method can comprise identifying, by an electronic device operatively coupled to a processing unit, one or more connectivity requirements of one or more servers associated with a data center. The computer-implemented method can also comprise determining, by the electronic device, a defined graph that satisfies the one or more connectivity requirements. The computer-implemented method can further comprise powering down, by the electronic device, one or more elements of the data center that are not required by the defined graph; and powering up, by the device one or more nodes of the data center, which are in any state other than power up, that are required by the defined graph.

Abstract: A downstream element in a pipeline processing a network flow receives a first request and executes an indexing function to compute an index into a control block for storing state information associated with the data packet. The downstream element transmits a request to an upstream element to include the index as a tag in one or more subsequent data packets that comprises the plurality of network fields and the associated values. Subsequent data packet may be received at the downstream element with the tag having the index information. The downstream element may process the subsequent data packet based on the tag without having to execute the indexing function on the subsequent data packet.

Abstract: Techniques for power savings in communications equipment are provided. The computer-implemented method can comprise identifying, by an electronic device operatively coupled to a processing unit, one or more connectivity requirements of one or more servers associated with a data center. The computer-implemented method can also comprise determining, by the electronic device, a defined graph that satisfies the one or more connectivity requirements. The computer-implemented method can further comprise powering down, by the electronic device, one or more elements of the data center that are not required by the defined graph; and powering up, by the device one or more nodes of the data center, which are in any state other than power up, that are required by the defined graph.

Abstract: Techniques for power savings in communications equipment are provided. The computer-implemented method can comprise identifying, by an electronic device operatively coupled to a processing unit, one or more connectivity requirements of one or more servers associated with a data center. The computer-implemented method can also comprise determining, by the electronic device, a defined graph that satisfies the one or more connectivity requirements. The computer-implemented method can further comprise powering down, by the electronic device, one or more elements of the data center that are not required by the defined graph; and powering up, by the device one or more nodes of the data center, which are in any state other than power up, that are required by the defined graph.

Abstract: A downstream element in a pipeline processing a network flow receives a first request and executes an indexing function to compute an index into a control block for storing state information associated with the data packet. The downstream element transmits a request to an upstream element to include the index as a tag in one or more subsequent data packets that comprises the plurality of network fields and the associated values. Subsequent data packet may be received at the downstream element with the tag having the index information. The downstream element may process the subsequent data packet based on the tag without having to execute the indexing function on the subsequent data packet.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for load balancing in networks such as those networks handling telephony applications. By way of example, such techniques direct requests associated with calls to servers in a system comprised of a network routing calls between a plurality of callers and at least one receiver wherein a load balancer sends requests associated with calls to a plurality of servers as follows. A request associated with a call, a caller, or a receiver is received, depending on the particular load balancing technique. A server is selected to receive the request. A subsequent request is received. A determination is made whether or not the subsequent request is associated with the call, the caller, or the receiver, depending on the particular load balancing technique. The subsequent request is sent to the server based on determining that the subsequent request is associated with the call, the caller, or the receiver, again depending on the particular load balancing technique.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for load balancing in networks such as those networks handling telephony applications. By way of example, such techniques direct requests associated with calls to servers in a system comprised of a network routing calls between a plurality of callers and at least one receiver wherein a load balancer sends requests associated with calls to a plurality of servers as follows. A request associated with a call, a caller, or a receiver is received, depending on the particular load balancing technique. A server is selected to receive the request. A subsequent request is received. A determination is made whether or not the subsequent request is associated with the call, the caller, or the receiver, depending on the particular load balancing technique. The subsequent request is sent to the server based on determining that the subsequent request is associated with the call, the caller, or the receiver, again depending on the particular load balancing technique.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for load balancing in networks such as those networks handling telephony applications. By way of example, such techniques direct requests associated with calls to servers in a system comprised of a network routing calls between a plurality of callers and at least one receiver wherein a load balancer sends requests associated with calls to a plurality of servers as follows. A request associated with a call, a caller, or a receiver is received, depending on the particular load balancing technique. A server is selected to receive the request. A subsequent request is received. A determination is made whether or not the subsequent request is associated with the call, the caller, or the receiver, depending on the particular load balancing technique. The subsequent request is sent to the server based on determining that the subsequent request is associated with the call, the caller, or the receiver, again depending on the particular load balancing technique.

Abstract: A method of transmitting information to a receiving computer systems includes determining in a processing unit of a computer whether a receiving computer system can receive the information without converting a local format of the information into a canonical format of the information, if it is determined that the receiving computer system cannot receive the information without converting the local format into the canonical format, then converting the local format to the canonical format and transmitting the information to the receiving computer system, and if it is determined that the receiving computer system can receive the information without converting the local format into the canonical format, then transmitting the information to the receiving computer system.

Abstract: A method for generating network traffic includes receiving packet header information and an optional packet payload. The received packet header information is arranged in accordance with a predetermined format. A packet of data including the packet payload and a packet header is formatted in accordance with the arranged header information. The predetermined format specifies a particular order in which packet headers are to be arranged.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for load balancing in networks such as those networks handling telephony applications. By way of example, a method for directing requests associated with calls to servers in a system comprised of a network routing calls between a plurality of nodes wherein a node participates in a call as a caller or a receiver and wherein a load balancer sends requests associated with calls to a plurality of servers comprises the following steps. A request associated with a node belonging to a group including a plurality of nodes is received. A server is selected to receive the request. A subsequent request is received. A determination is made whether or not the subsequent request is associated with a node belonging to the group. The subsequent request is sent to the server based on determining that the subsequent request is associated with a node belonging to the group.

Abstract: In a computer system comprising a plurality of computing devices wherein the plurality of computing devices processes a plurality of tasks and each task has a task type, a method for determining overheads associated with task types comprises the following steps. Overheads are estimated for a plurality of task types. One of the plurality of computing devices is selected to execute one of the plurality of tasks, wherein the selection comprises estimating load on at least a portion of the plurality of computing devices from tasks assigned to at least a portion of the plurality of computing devices and the estimates of overheads of the plurality of task types. One or more of the estimates of overheads of the plurality of task types are varied.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for generating and managing presentities in accordance with a virtual presence server. By way of example, a method for requesting information from at least one server comprises the following steps. A client request, which expresses a request that can not be satisfied by a single existing presentity, is obtained at an intermediate server, wherein the intermediate server operates as a virtual presence server. The virtual presence server (i.e., intermediate server) creates a set of software objects for a virtual presentity, the set of objects embodying logic to combine presence information from one or more of existing presentities and external information sources, in accordance with at least one existing presence server. The virtual presence server creates an association between the request of the client and the created virtual presentity that allows the presence information to be propagated back to the client.

Abstract: Techniques for supporting a presence virtualization query are provided. The techniques include receiving a virtual query from a client, the virtual query specified in terms of a membership set of members, wherein the membership set comprises a list of presentity uniform resource identifiers (URIs) and a separate transformation function, defined over a set of presence documents of the members in the membership set, redirecting the query to a destination virtual presentity URI whose presence state comprises an aggregation of the presence documents of the list of URIs in the membership set and a corresponding query element (QE) object that manages subscriptions for the URI, adding the client as a watcher for the destination virtual presentity URI, and applying transformation logic specified by the watcher client and notifying a corresponding client of a resulting output.

Abstract: A technique for use in a client, wherein the client supports a state-based signaling protocol (e.g., Session Initiation Protocol or SIP), includes initiating a given session state between the client and a server that also supports the state-based signaling protocol, and refreshing the given session state in a randomized manner. Further, a technique for use in a server, wherein the server supports a state-based signaling protocol (again, e.g., SIP), includes randomly assigning an expiration time duration for a given session state between the server and a client that also supports the state-based signaling protocol, and reporting the randomly assigned expiration time for the given session state to the client. By randomizing various behaviors of the client, the server, or both, bursty traffic in the communication network is reduced or eliminated.