Abstract: A transparent two-layer electrostatic dissipating coating includes a first layer comprising a transparent first binder polymer and a first intrinsically conducting polymer (ICP) in an amount sufficient to provide the first layer with a surface resistance of from about 103 to about 105?/?; and a second layer in direct contact with the first layer and comprising a transparent second binder polymer and a second ICP in an amount sufficient to provide the second layer with a surface resistance of from about 106 to about 1010?/?, wherein the coating has a light transmission of at least about 70% at a wavelength of 600 nm. Methods of making and using the coating are also described.

Abstract: A transparent two-layer electrostatic dissipating coating includes a first layer comprising a transparent first binder polymer and a first intrinsically conducting polymer (ICP) in an amount sufficient to provide the first layer with a surface resistance of from about 103 to about 105?/?; and a second layer in direct contact with the first layer and comprising a transparent second binder polymer and a second ICP in an amount sufficient to provide the second layer with a surface resistance of from about 106 to about 1010?/?, wherein the coating has a light transmission of at least about 70% at a wavelength of 600 nm. Methods of making and using the coating are also described.

Abstract: A tool and method by which an inner oil seal may be installed in the hub of a wheel assembly which is in a normal upright position. The tool comprises a shaft with a tool mounting plate affixable to the outer end of a hub with the tool shaft extending axially therethrough and terminating in a threaded end. A seal locator and pusher is slidably mountable on said tool shaft from the threaded end thereof. The locator and pusher has a portion facing the tool mounting plate on which the inner seal may be slidably mounted. The opposite face of the locator and pusher is provided with a thrust bearing and thrust washer. The tool includes a nut engageable on the threaded tool shaft end. The wheel assembly is removed form its axle and is maintained in an upright position. The seal mounting tool is bolted to the hub. The inner oil seal is mounted on the locator and pusher which is mounted on the tool shaft from its threaded end.

Abstract: A method for increasing the conductivity of a composition of a polyaniline salt of an organic acid is disclosed. The method comprises contacting the composition with a polar organic solvent that is capable of solubilizing the organic acid without solubilizing the polyaniline salt. Also provided are coating compositions which can be prepared by the method.

Abstract: Composite mirrors on a substrate comprising a mixture of up to 20 percent of polymer and at least 80 percent of metal clusters, e.g. of gold, palladium or silver, which have a nominal diameter less than 100 nanometers and which are agglomerated in a layer conforming to the surface of the substrate. Composite mirrors are produced by coating a substrate with a solution comprising at least 80 percent solvent, e.g. water and alcohol, and up to 20 percent of a mixture of up to 20 percent polymer, e.g. methylcellulose, and at least 80 percent metal, present as a salt of volatiles-forming anion, e.g. silver lactate or palladium acetate; dry films of polymer and salt are exposed to heat or ultraviolet light to convert the salt to metal clusters. Polymeric mirrors are especially useful for making reflection holograms on polymeric surfaces embossed with a latent holographic image in a relief pattern.

Abstract: A controlled atmosphere container system for shipping and storing perishable products, wherein the container system includes a plurality of individual, transportable containers to be connected from time to time with a central source for providing a controlled atmosphere to those containers. A controller preferably enables the container system to optimally allocate the capacity of the central source of the controlled atmosphere based upon the relative atmospheric conditions of the containers attached thereto and the capacity of the source. Such control is provided in the form of a predetermined hierarchy of priorities for allocating the controlled atmosphere gas to the individual containers.

Abstract: Gallium is extracted in the presence of other metals from gallium bearing aqueous solutions, by contact with organic solvent containing N-organo hydroxamic acids, particularly at described acid and alkaline pH ranges; and recovered from the organic solvent. New gallium complexes and certain N-organo hydroxamic acids are also provided.

Abstract: Dihydroxamic acids derived from succinyl compounds are used in conjunction with monohydroxamic acids to extract gallium, e.g. N,N'-dimethyl n-decylsuccino dihydroxamic acid and a monohydroxamic acid in an organic solvent extracts gallium in the presence of other metals from gallium bearing aqueous solutions.

Abstract: Nonorthogonal grid patterns and curved transparencies having nonorthogonal grid patterns comprising a matrix of interconnected circles and arcs are described for use as electromagnetic pulse shielding elements which diminish "starburst" light interference distortions and readily conform to compound curvatures and complex shapes.

Abstract: Gallium is extracted in the presence of other metals from gallium bearing aqueous solutions, by contact with organic solvent containing N-organo hydroxamic acids, particularly at described acid and alkaline pH ranges; and recovered from the organic solvent. New gallium complexes and certain N-organo hydroxamic acids are also provided.

Abstract: Phosphorus-vanadium mixed oxide oxidation catalysts are prepared by introducing a substantially pentavalent vanadium-containing compound and a pentavalent phosphorus-containing compound into an alcohol medium capable of reducing the vanadium to a valence state less than +5 in the presence of an alcohol-modifying agent to form a phosphorus-vanadium mixed oxide catalyst precursor. The catalyst precursor is recovered, dried, formed into desired structures, and calcined at temperatures from about 250.degree. C. to about 600.degree. C. The catalysts are highly effective in that they exhibit a weight/weight productivity of at least 70 grams of maleic anhydride per kilogram of catalyst per hour.

Abstract: Maleic anhydride is produced by the oxidation of a non-aromatic hydrocarbon having at least four carbon atoms in a straight chain with molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas in the vapor phase in the presence of a phosphorus-vanadium mixed oxide oxidation catalyst. Such catalysts are prepared by introducing a substantially pentavalent vanadium-containing compound and a pentavalent phosphorus-containing compound into an alcohol medium capable of reducing the vanadium to a valence state less than +5 in the presence of an alcohol-modifying agent to form a phosphorus-vanadium mixed oxide catalyst precursor. The catalyst precursor is recovered, dried, formed into desired structures, and calcined at temperatures from about 250.degree. C. to about 600.degree. C. The catalysts are highly effective in that they exhibit a weight/weight productivity of at least 70 grams of maleic anhydride per kilogram of catalyst per hour.

Abstract: Catalysts useful for the partial oxidation of non-aromatic hydrocarbons, particularly n-butane, with molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas in the vapor phase to produce maleic anhydride are provided which comprise mixed oxides of phosphorus and vanadium. The catalysts are highly effective in that they exhibit a weight/weight productivity of at least 70 grams of maleic anhydride per kilogram of catalyst per hour.