Abstract: An improved design for valve operation in internal combustion type engines which incorporate an overhead cam. This invention eliminates the valve spring. In current engines of this type an overhead cam lobe provides the force to the system to open an intake or exhaust valve and a compressed valve spring provides the stored energy to force the valve back closed. This invention uses two cam lobes on an overhead cam 15, an open cam lobe 16 and a close cam lobe 17; and two geared rockers, a open valve rocker 19 and a close valve rocker 20. A valve stem retainer assembly 12 is required to always engage the valve during operation. Positive force from the lobes of the overhead cam shaft is used to both open and close an intake or exhaust valve. The key is that only one of the cam shaft lobes drives the system at a time. If the close valve cam lobe 17 is providing the force to close the valve then the open valve cam lobe 16 is not engaged with the cam.

Abstract: An improved design for pushrod operated internal combustion type engines. This invention eliminates the valve spring altogether. In current engines of this type a cam lobe provides the positive upward force to the system to open an intake or exhaust valve and a valve spring provides the constant force to close the valve. This invention uses two cam lobes, an open cam lobe 22 and a close cam lobe 23; two pushrods, and open pushrod 24 and a close pushrod 25; and two geared rockers, a open geared rocker 26 and a close geared rocker 27. A valve stem box retainer 32 is required to pull the valve into a closed position. Positive upward force from the cam shaft is used to both open and close an intake or exhaust valve. The key is that only one of the cam shaft lobes drives the system at a time. If the close valve cam lobe 21 is providing the upward force to close the valve than the open valve cam lobe 20 is not engaged.

Abstract: An external safety for application to handguns which effectively blocks rearward travel of the trigger to the point where the handgun is discharged, the external safety consisting of a trigger block adapted to be pivoted into the path of the trigger, and out of the path of the trigger as desired, by attached levers accessible to the operator. The trigger block and levers are secured upon the handle of the handgun by a pair of brackets operably attached to the handgun handle proximate the trigger and trigger guard. The brackets are situated on opposite sides of the handgun to pivotally receive the trigger block and lever assembly permitting it to be pivoted into the trigger blocking configuration or out of the trigger blocking configuration.

Abstract: The disclosure illustrates a valve spring compressor tool which may be used to remove heavy duty double valve springs from an engine with no more disassembly of the engine than removal of the rocker cover. The tool comprises a support bridge bolted to the rocker housing across the valves to be compressed. A plate having two cup-like recesses fits over the valve springs and a central sleeve passes through the plate to guide it for movement parallel to the normal direction of compression for the springs. A shaft is threaded into the cross arm and is aligned with the sleeve so that rotation causes it to exert a compressive force of great magnitude and retains the valve in the compressed position.