Abstract: This invention relates to a process for making a soybean-based milk analog or soymilk and food products prepared therefrom.The process involves the comminuting of whole soybeans having the hulls thereon, forming a slurry of the comminuted soybeans, simultaneously initiating the inactivation of trypsin inhibitor and lipoxygenase without fixing protein bodies or substantially denaturing the soybean protein, confining the heated slurry until the trypsin inhibitor activity is reduced to a desired value, cooling the slurry, and separating the hulls from the slurry to recover the desired product.The resulting soymilk is an aqueous preparation of the soybean which exhibits minimal destruction of essential amino acids, enhanced nutritional value, maximal retention, and thus increased yield of soybean solids including lipid and protein, optimal inactivation of trypsin inhibitors, reduced chemical browning, and enhanced flavor and palatability along with prolonged storage life.

Abstract: A low cost, high capacity method for making starch-NPN liquid feed supplements is provided wherein a substantially NPN-free slurry containing water and a starch source is treated under high temperatures and pressures to gelatinize the starch component. After gelatinization, an NPN substance such as urea is added and thoroughly mixed with the slurry to produce a final feed. The cooking step may be advantageously performed indirectly using a tube and shell heat exchanger, or alternatively in a direct steam injection jet cooker. A wide variety of NPN substances can be employed in the supplements hereof, along with a large number of starch sources such as grains or industrial wastes. In addition, the liquid supplements can be modified either before or after processing by adding energy sources such as molasses thereto.

Abstract: A method of preparing nutritionally useful 2-phosphated ester derivatives of ascorbic acid in extremely high yields is disclosed which includes steps of reacting an ascorbic acid such as L-ascorbic acid or a derivative such as 5,6-O-isopropylidene-L-ascorbic acid with a phosphorylating agent in the presence of a tertiary amine while maintaining the pH of the reaction mixture at a level of at least about 8 for achieving almost quantitative 2-phosphorylation of the ascorbic acid derivative. In preferred forms 5,6-O-isopropylidene-L-ascorbic acid is reacted in water with phosphorous oxychloride in the presence of about a fivefold excess of pyridine relative to the acid and at low temperatures (-5 to +5.degree. C.); an alkali metal hydroxide such as potassium hydroxide is added to the reaction mixture as needed for maintaining the pH thereof at a level of about 12-13 during the entire phosphorylation reaction.

Abstract: Salts of ascorbic acid 6-acylates (both the D-isoascorbic and L-ascorbic isomers) are provided which have significant utility as multi-functional, easily dispersible additives for yeast-leavened doughs or batters and serve as biologically active sources of vitamin C even when added to the dough or batter during preparation thereof and subjected to baking or frying temperatures. The additives hereof are also functional as dough conditioners, anti-staling agents, and shortening sparing agents, and also serve to maintain or even enhance loaf volume in resultant breads and the like and permit incorporation of protein supplements such as soy flour into such products without deleteriously affecting desirable organoleptic properties thereof.

Abstract: A low-cost, highly nutritious starch-NPN liquid feed supplement and method of producing same is provided wherein the supplement exhibits markedly superior protein synthesis and growth-inducing properties as compared with conventional, unprocessed NPN-fortified supplements notwithstanding the fact that the supplements hereof generally have lower theoretical nutritive values than such prior feeds. The preparative method preferably includes the steps of passing an aqueous slurry of a starch-bearing food source and an NPN substance such as urea through a hydrothermal-type cooker along with direct steam for turbulently heating, disrupting and gelatinizing the starch source in the presence of the NPN substance to thereby yield a reacted product which can be fed to ruminants as a low-cost, high-protein food source.

Abstract: A method is provided for the synthesis of L-ascorbate 2-sulfate compounds and salts thereof which comprises reacting L-ascorbic acid or the salts thereof of the formula ##EQU1## WHERE Z represents hydrogen or a cation capable of bonding with L-ascorbic acid, and n.sub.1 is the valence of Z, with a base-sulfur trioxide complex of the formula ##EQU2## where A represents a tertiary amine, tertiary amide, ether or thioether, the reaction being carried out in a compatible solvent and in the presence of sufficient base to render the C.sub.2 hydroxyl of the L-ascorbic acid more ionized than the C.sub.5 and C.sub.6 hydroxyls thereof. The process effects quantitative conversion of L-ascorbic acid to L-ascorbate 2-sulfate, and pure compounds of the latter are isolated in good yields. Such compounds have been found to act as stable vitamin C sources in food systems or the like.