Abstract: A container for holding a sample and a system and method for a handheld spectrometer using the container is disclosed. In one embodiment, the container includes a vial with an optical window at the base of the vial. A sample may be placed in the vial. A hollow plunger may be slidably inserted into the vial which seals the gap between the plunger and the walls of the vial. The plunger includes a filter element. When the plunger is inserted into the vial, the sample is forced against the optical window and the filter element vents liquid and/or gas that is in the vial into the hollow plunger. A portable or handheld system for detecting, for example, biothreat agents makes use of the container in order to determine a spectrum of the sample. The optical window of the container is preferably substantially transparent to photons illuminating the sample and to photons produced due to the interaction of the illuminating photons and the sample.

Abstract: A method for the detection and identification of pathogenic microorganisms using Raman scattered light and emitted light. The method may include passing the Raman scattered light and emitted light through a FAST fiber array spectral translator.

Abstract: A method for the detection and identification of pathogenic microorganisms using Raman scattered light and transmitted light in the near infrared spectral region. The method may include passing the Raman scattered light and transmitted light through a FAST fiber array spectral translator.

Abstract: Pathogenic microorganisms are detected and classified by spectral imaging of the Raman light scattered by the organisms.

Abstract: Pathogenic microorganisms are detected in a wide field of view and classified by Raman light scattered light from these organisms together with digital pattern recognition of their spectral patterns.

Abstract: Pathogenic microorganisms are detected and classified by spectral imaging of the Raman light scattered by the organisms.

Abstract: Pathogenic microorganisms are detected and classified by spectral imaging of the Raman light scattered by the organisms.

Abstract: Pathogenic microorganisms are detected and classified by spectral imaging of the Raman light scattered by the organisms.

Abstract: Pathogenic microorganisms are detected and classified by spectral imaging of the Raman light scattered by the organisms.

Abstract: An apparatus for sensing the leakage of hydrocarbons from underground storage tanks having a hydrocarbon vapor sensor, a liquid sensor to determine the level of the groundwater and the positioning of the vapor sensor; and, alarm and trouble circuitry to indicate the presence of a hydrocarbon leak or a malfunctioning circuit. The apparatus also contains a timer mechanism to accurately determine whether or not the hydrocarbon has actually leaked from an underground storage tank or is present in the test area due to natural gases or above-ground spills.