Abstract: Methods and materials for preventing and modulating atherosclerosis. In particular, small peptides that are capable of interacting with CD40, thereby interfering with the ability of CD40 to interact with CD154, which impacts inflammation and atherosclerosis. The use of such peptides in reducing atherosclerosis, and in particular, the autoimmune inflammatory response that may be a driving factor thereof. The use of such short peptides to lower LDL cholesterol. Methods and materials for detecting T-cells that express CD40 (Th40 cells).

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for location of the disposition of a medical probe in a subject are disclosed. An array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, each set having two or three dimensionally oriented drive coils, a sensor coil being electromagnetically communicative with the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, a discrete core wire providing response to electrical stimuli of the subject, and a system controller communicative with and adapted to energize one or more of the electromagnetic coils in the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets are disclosed. The energizing of the one or more of the electromagnetic coils including one or more of energizing the coils singly, or in pairs of x-y and y-z or x-z coils while measuring the response of the sensor coil, whereby the system uses the measurements of the responses of the sensor coil to calculate the location of the sensor coil relative to said drive coil sets.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for three-dimensional location of the disposition of a sensor coil in a subject including are disclosed. The systems include an array of three or more triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets, at least one moveable sensor coil configured to be disposed in a subject and to provide one or more sensor coil response signals responsive to the respective electromagnetic wave fields, a receiving component configured to control drive signals to the array of drive coil sets and to measure sensor coil response signals from the moveable sensor coil, and a processor is configured to determine a sensor coil disposition in the subject relative to said triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets. The receiving component provides a modified drive signal to maximize or optimize the generated respective electromagnetic wave fields, or the one or more sensor coil response signals.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for three-dimensional location of the disposition of a sensor coil in a subject including are disclosed. The systems include an array of three or more triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets, at least one moveable sensor coil configured to be disposed in a subject and to provide one or more sensor coil response signals responsive to the respective electromagnetic wave fields, a receiving component configured to control drive signals to the array of drive coil sets and to measure sensor coil response signals from the moveable sensor coil, and a processor is configured to determine a sensor coil disposition in the subject relative to said triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets. The receiving component provides a modified drive signal to maximize or optimize the generated respective electromagnetic wave fields, or the one or more sensor coil response signals.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for three-dimensional location of the disposition of a sensor coil in a subject including are disclosed. The systems include an array of three or more triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets, at least one moveable sensor coil configured to be disposed in a subject and to provide one or more sensor coil response signals responsive to the respective electromagnetic wave fields, a receiving component configured to control drive signals to the array of drive coil sets and to measure sensor coil response signals from the moveable sensor coil, and a processor is configured to determine a sensor coil disposition in the subject relative to said triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets. The receiving component provides a modified drive signal to maximize or optimize the generated respective electromagnetic wave fields, or the one or more sensor coil response signals.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for location of the disposition of a medical probe in a subject are disclosed. An array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, each set having two or three dimensionally oriented drive coils, a sensor coil being electromagnetically communicative with the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, a discrete core wire providing response to electrical stimuli of the subject, and a system controller communicative with and adapted to energize one or more of the electromagnetic coils in the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets are disclosed. The energizing of the one or more of the electromagnetic coils including one or more of energizing the coils singly, or in pairs of x-y and y-z or x-z coils while measuring the response of the sensor coil, whereby the system uses the measurements of the responses of the sensor coil to calculate the location of the sensor coil relative to said drive coil sets.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for location of the disposition of a medical probe in a subject are disclosed. An array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, each set having two or three dimensionally oriented drive coils, a sensor coil being electromagnetically communicative with the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, a discrete core wire providing response to electrical stimuli of the subject, and a system controller communicative with and adapted to energize one or more of the electromagnetic coils in the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets are disclosed. The energizing of the one or more of the electromagnetic coils including one or more of energizing the coils singly, or in pairs of x-y and y-z or x-z coils while measuring the response of the sensor coil, whereby the system uses the measurements of the responses of the sensor coil to calculate the location of the sensor coil relative to said drive coil sets.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for three-dimensional location of the disposition of a sensor coil in a subject including are disclosed. The systems include an array of three or more quadruplet drive coil sets, where each quadruplet drive coil set include at least four discrete drive coils, at least one moveable sensor coil configured to provide one or more sensor coil response signals, a first system component providing AC drive signals to energize the discrete drive coils, a second system component for receiving the one or more sensor coil response signals from the at least one moveable sensor coil, and a processor configured to determine a sensor coil disposition of the at least one moveable sensor coil in the subject relative to the quadruplet drive coil sets based on the one or more sensor coil response signals.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for one or both of two- or three-dimensional location of the disposition of a sensor coil in a subject including: an array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, each set having two or three dimensionally oriented drive coils; a sensor coil being electromagnetically communicative with the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets; and, a system controller communicative with and adapted to energize one or more of the electromagnetic coils in the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, the energizing of the one or more of the electromagnetic coils including one or more of energizing the coils singly, or in pairs of x-y and y-z or x-z coils, or in triplets of x-y-z coils while measuring the response of the sensor coil; whereby the system uses the measurements of the responses of the sensor coil to calculate the location and orientation of the sensor coil relative to said drive coil sets.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for one or both of two- or three-dimensional location of the disposition of a sensor coil in a subject including: an array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, each set having two or three dimensionally oriented drive coils; a sensor coil being electromagnetically communicative with the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets; and, a system controller communicative with and adapted to energize one or more of the electromagnetic coils in the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, the energizing of the one or more of the electromagnetic coils including one or more of energizing the coils singly, or in pairs of x-y and y-z or x-z coils, or in triplets of x-y-z coils while measuring the response of the sensor coil; whereby the system uses the measurements of the responses of the sensor coil to calculate the location and orientation of the sensor coil relative to said drive coil sets.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for one or both of two- or three-dimensional location of the disposition of a sensor coil in a subject including: an array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, each set having two or three dimensionally oriented drive coils; a sensor coil being electromagnetically communicative with the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets; and, a system controller communicative with and adapted to energize one or more of the electromagnetic coils in the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, the energizing of the one or more of the electromagnetic coils including one or more of energizing the coils singly, or in pairs of x-y and y-z or x-z coils, or in triplets of x-y-z coils while measuring the response of the sensor coil; whereby the system uses the measurements of the responses of the sensor coil to calculate the location and orientation of the sensor coil relative to said drive coil sets.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for one or both of two- or three-dimensional location of the disposition of a sensor coil in a subject including: an array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, each set having two or three dimensionally oriented drive coils; a sensor coil being electromagnetically communicative with the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets; and, a system controller communicative with and adapted to energize one or more of the electromagnetic coils in the array of electromagnetic drive coil sets, the energizing of the one or more of the electromagnetic coils including one or more of energizing the coils singly, or in pairs of x-y and y-z or x-z coils, or in triplets of x-y-z coils while measuring the response of the sensor coil; whereby the system uses the measurements of the responses of the sensor coil to calculate the location and orientation of the sensor coil relative to said drive coil sets.

Abstract: In a serum measurement device, an analyte concentration measurement apparatus facilitates sampling and analysis of analytes in body fluid and includes an implantable serum sampling catheter comprising a biocompatible tubing enclosing a vacuum release lumen and a serum lumen that are interconnected by a port. The serum lumen is separated from the sampling catheter exterior by a membrane barrier. The sampling catheter is configured for drawing a serum sample from a body fluid compartment by creation of suction in the serum lumen.

Abstract: A lactate concentration measurement apparatus comprising a housing enclosing a sample chamber configured for holding a body fluid sample and measurement photo-optics that generate light and monitor light intensity along a plurality of optical paths in the sample chamber. The apparatus further comprises a plurality of optical filters aligned in respective optical paths of the optical path plurality comprising at least a first optical filter with light absorption by lactate and water and a second optical filter with light absorption to water alone. A logic determines lactate concentration based on a ratio of intensities detected at a first detector in an optical path intersected by the first optical filter and detected at a second detector in an optical path intersected by the second optical filter.

Abstract: A method for measuring concentration of an analyte in body fluid comprises acquiring a body fluid sample, emitting light into the body fluid sample, and detecting emitted light intensity on a plurality of optical paths through the body fluid sample. A plurality of optical filters are arranged in respective optical paths of the optical path plurality comprising at least a first optical filter with light absorption by an analyte and water and a second optical filter with light absorption to water alone. Light intensity passed through the first optical filter and passed through the second optical filter is measured and analyte concentration is determined based on a ratio of intensities detected at a detector in an optical path intersected by the first optical filter and detected at a detector in an optical path intersected by the second optical filter.

Abstract: A body fluid analysis apparatus comprises a unitary housing containing a single-celled chamber and having an entry portal for communicating body fluid between a patient body and the chamber. A barrier coupled at the entry portal prevents selected components of the body fluid from entering the chamber.

Abstract: In a tissue sensor, a plurality of emitters are configured to emit narrowband light into biological tissue at a plurality of selected wavelengths including one or more wavelengths indicative of a profile for one or more selected analytes and a reference wavelength at which absorbance for the selected analyte is negligible. The sensor further comprises a photo detector configured to detect light at wavelengths that emerge from the biological tissue.

Abstract: Glucose concentration is noninvasively measured by measuring a plurality of absorption values using at least one emitter operating at a corresponding plurality of emission wavelengths through a common optical sample volume and deriving glucose concentration from the absorption measurement values.

Abstract: An optical sensor includes an optical source capable of being positioned on a tissue and emitting near infrared light into the tissue at a plurality of selected wavelengths, and a photodetector capable of detecting reflected light from the tissue. The photodetector being positioned on the tissue removed from the optical source but sufficiently close in proximity to the optical source to contact the same general tissue. The optical sensor further includes an oscillator coupled to the optical source and capable of activating the optical source to emit the near infrared light, and a modulator coupled to the oscillator and capable of controlling radio frequency modulation of the optical source to emit a radio frequency component that is used to measure the optical path length and absorbance of an analyte of interest within the tissue.

Abstract: The compact oxygen production system of the present invention provides an oxygen concentrator and a cryocooling device for liquefying the concentrated oxygen gas to provide liquid oxygen. The compact size of the system permits the system to be employed in home applications, especially for home oxygen patients.