Abstract: A rail switch point assist apparatus includes an elongated main member having an outward end removably and adjustably connected to the railroad track running rail and the inner end adjustably connected to a support member extending between a pair of ties. The inward end of the main member is vertically adjustable relative to the support member, and a pair of rollers are rotatably mounted between the inward end and the track running rail. The rollers are mounted on the main member to support a rail switch point moving towards and after from the track running rail. The outward end of the main member includes a bracket which is pivotally and slidably mounted to the main member so as to pivot about an axis transverse to the longitudinal axis of the main member and being slidable along the longitudinal axis of the main member.

Abstract: A rail switch point assist apparatus includes an elongated main member having an outward end removably and adjustably connected to the railroad track running rail and the inner end adjustably connected to a support member extending between a pair of ties. The inward end of the main member is vertically adjustable relative to the support member, and a pair of rollers are rotatably mounted between the inward end and the track running rail. The rollers are mounted on the main member to support a rail switch point moving towards and after from the track running rail. The outward end of the main member includes a bracket which is pivotally and slidably mounted to the main member so as to pivot about an axis transverse to the longitudinal axis of the main member and being slidable along the longitudinal axis of the main member.

Abstract: An acoustic probe comprising a piezoelectric ceramic transducer element energizable to emit ultrasonic signals in a first direction and in a second direction opposite to the first, and mountable on a sample to be tested so as to transmit thereto signals emitted in the said first direction, is further provided, according to the invention, with a rod-shaped acoustic waveguide having one end coupled to the transducer element to receive signals emitted by the transducer element in the said second direction and to transmit them along the waveguide, with lossy cladding material acoustically coupled to the surface of the waveguide at least at a part thereof remote from its one end, and with coupling means surrounding and mechanically secured and acoustically coupled to the ceramic element and the said one end of the waveguide, the coupling means having a surface adapted to be secured to the sample to be tested and to transmit thereto signals emitted by the transducer element.

Abstract: A railway switch stand includes a reciprocating toggle arm which extends from the stand to operate a railway track switch between open and closed positions. The toggle arm has one end connected to a block which is operably mounted on the switch stand base for reciprocating forward and rearward movement. Forward and rearward brackets on the base prevent movement of the block beyond predetermined forward and rearward positions. An hydraulic cylinder connected to the block selectively moves the block between forward and rearward positions so as to reciprocate the toggle arm and throw the track switch. A pair of throw arms are pivotally disposed on opposite sides of the block relative to the blocks reciprocating path, with a forward end of the throw arm connected to the block.

Abstract: A capacitor has a top plate 2 in the form of a photodiode array and a bottom plate 2. An RF source 3 is connected between plates 1 and 2. Insulating or semiconducting material to be tested is inserted between the plates 1 and 2 to act as dielectric. Where a printed circuit board or other conductive electrical component is to be tested it forms top plate 2. A flying spot scanner 11 produces a modulated light beam 12 which scans the top surface of plate 2. The resulting modulated photocurrent envelope is detected and displayed in a display monitor 15 in synchronism with the scanning beam.

Abstract: An antenna is formed of four arrays each having sixteen helical antenna elements with probes located within a common resonant cavity. Thus cavity is used to combine all the outputs of elements.The elements of array are arranged over the surface of box such that the probes are located at the voltage antinodes of the resonance field patterns in order to maximize the coupling efficiency. Likewise the output probe for each cavity 6 is also located at a voltage antinode; output probe enables the signal combined in cavity to pass into a waveguide, also connected to other arrays and, for passage to the television receiver.

Abstract: The invention relates to detectors of penetrating radiation, in particular x-radiation. The detector comprises a photoconductive material to which two electrical signals are applied. An output signal is detected and in the presence of radiation incident on the detector this includes a component formed by mixing of the two input signals, an harmonic if they are of the same frequency. The amplitude of that component is proportional to the intensity of the incident radiation. There is also a background component which should either be reduced to insignificant proportions or removed. Advantageous electrode arrangements for such a device are also disclosed.