Abstract: Systems and methods for electromagnetic (EM) distortion detection and compensation are disclosed. In one aspect, the system includes an instrument, the system configured to: determine a reference position of the distal end of the instrument at a first time based on EM location data, determine that the distal end of the instrument at a second time is static, and determine that the EM location data at the second time is indicative of a position of the distal end of the instrument having changed from the reference position by greater than a threshold distance. The system is further configured to: determine a current offset based on the distance between the position at the second time and the reference position at the first time, and determine a compensated position of the distal end of the instrument based on the EM location data and the current offset.

Abstract: Systems and methods for electromagnetic (EM) distortion detection and compensation are disclosed. In one aspect, the system includes an instrument, the system configured to: determine a reference position of the distal end of the instrument at a first time based on EM location data, determine that the distal end of the instrument at a second time is static, and determine that the EM location data at the second time is indicative of a position of the distal end of the instrument having changed from the reference position by greater than a threshold distance. The system is further configured to: determine a current offset based on the distance between the position at the second time and the reference position at the first time, and determine a compensated position of the distal end of the instrument based on the EM location data and the current offset.

Abstract: Certain aspects relate to systems and techniques for driving axial motion of a shaft of a medical instrument using a drive device. A drive device configured to facilitate axial motion of an elongated shaft of a medical instrument can include a body comprising a channel configured to receive the elongated shaft of the medical instrument, a roller configured to engage with the elongated shaft such that, when rotated, the roller drives axial motion of the elongated shaft received in the channel, a first drive input coupled to the body, wherein the first drive input is operable by a robotic system to rotate the roller, a cover configured to selectively open or close the channel, and a second drive input coupled to the body, wherein the second drive input is operable to actuate the cover.

Abstract: Certain aspects relate to systems and techniques for driving axial motion of a shaft of a medical instrument using a drive device. Axial motion can include insertion and/or retraction of the instrument. For example, a robotic medical system can include a medical instrument comprising an instrument base and a flexible shaft configured for insertion into a patient, and a first robotic arm attachable to the instrument base of the medical instrument. The system also includes a drive device configured to engage the flexible shaft, and a second robotic arm attachable to the drive device. The second robotic arm is configured to operate the drive device to drive axial motion of the flexible shaft, and the first robotic arm is configured to move in coordination with operation of the drive device.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for calibrating a medical instrument are discussed herein. For example, a first instrument can be configured to access an anatomical site via a first access path and a second instrument can be configured to access the anatomical site via a second access path. The second instrument can include an imaging component configured to provide image data representative of the anatomical site and the first instrument. A difference can be identified between a first coordinate frame associated with the first instrument and a second coordinate frame associated with the second instrument. A control frame of reference associated with the first instrument can be updated based at least in part on the difference.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for controlling a medical instrument are discussed herein. For example, image data can be received from a first instrument that is configured to access an anatomical site via a first access path. The image data can be representative of the anatomical site and a second instrument that is configured to access the anatomical site via a second access path. A visual representation of the image data can be displayed in a user interface and a first directional input signal can be received from an input device. An orientation of the first instrument relative to the second instrument can be determined. Movement of the second instrument can be controlled based at least in part on the first directional input signal and the orientation of the first instrument relative to the second instrument.

Abstract: A method of detecting a stuck basket condition involves retracting an endoscope within an anatomical cavity of a patient, the endoscope having a basket device disposed at least partially within a working channel thereof, determining that a force reading associated with at least one of the basket device and the endoscope exceeds a predetermined threshold, and determining that the basket device is in a stuck condition based at least in part on the determination that the force reading exceeds the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A robotic system includes a robotic manipulator configured to: manipulate a medical instrument having a basket; open the basket at a first opening speed and a second, faster opening speed; and close the basket at a first closing speed and a second, faster closing speed. The system includes an input device configured to receive one or more user interactions and initiate one or more actions by the robotic manipulator, including directly controlled movement and/or pre-programmed motions. Control circuitry of the robotic system is configured to: in response to receiving a first user interaction via the input device, trigger a first pre-programmed motion of the robotic manipulator to open the basket at the second, faster opening speed; and in response to receiving a second user interaction via the input device, trigger a second pre-programmed motion to close the basket at the second, faster closing speed.

Abstract: Provided are robotic systems and methods for navigation of luminal network that can improve strain-based shape sensing. In one aspect, the system can compare strain-based shape data to shape data determined based on robotic data (e.g., kinematic model data, torque measurements, mechanical model data, command data, etc.) and adjust the strain-based shape data as necessary. Any portion of the strain-based shape data can be adjusted, weighted differently, or discarded based on the comparison. For example, data from trustworthy sources may indicate that the shape of an instrument exhibits or should exhibit one or more characteristics. If the system determines that any portion of the strain-based shape data is not in agreement with such characteristics, the system may adjust the portion of the strain-based shape data such that the adjusted strain-based shape data is in agreement with the characteristics of the instrument.

Abstract: A surgical robotic system automatically calibrates tubular and flexible surgical tools such as endoscopes. By compensating for unideal behavior of an endoscope, the surgical robotic system can accurately model motions of the endoscope and navigate the endoscope while performing a surgical procedure on a patient. During calibration, the surgical robotic system moves the endoscope to a target position and receives data describing an actual position and/or orientation of the endoscope. The surgical robotic system determines gain values based at least on the discrepancy between the target position and the actual position. The endoscope can include tubular components referred to as a sheath and leader. An instrument device manipulator of the surgical robotic system actuates pull wires coupled to the sheath and/or the leader, which causes the endoscope to articulate.

Abstract: Systems and methods for electromagnetic (EM) distortion detection and compensation are disclosed. In one aspect, the system includes an instrument, the system configured to: determine a reference position of the distal end of the instrument at a first time based on EM location data, determine that the distal end of the instrument at a second time is static, and determine that the EM location data at the second time is indicative of a position of the distal end of the instrument having changed from the reference position by greater than a threshold distance. The system is further configured to: determine a current offset based on the distance between the position at the second time and the reference position at the first time, and determine a compensated position of the distal end of the instrument based on the EM location data and the current offset.

Abstract: Certain aspects relate to systems and techniques for driving axial motion of a shaft of a medical instrument using a drive device. A robotic medical system can include a drive device comprising a pair of rollers configured to engage a shaft of a medical instrument and a processor configured to operate the rollers to drive insertion of the shaft at a first rate during a first insertion period when a distal tip of the shaft is positioned within an access sheath inserted into the patient, and operate the rollers to transition to driving insertion of the shaft at a second rate that is slower than the first rate during a second insertion period when the distal tip of the shaft is positioned beyond a distal tip of the access sheath.

Abstract: Certain aspects relate to systems and techniques for driving axial motion of a shaft of a medical instrument using a drive device. Axial motion can include insertion and/or retraction of the instrument. For example, a robotic medical system can include a medical instrument comprising an instrument base and a flexible shaft configured for insertion into a patient, and a first robotic arm attachable to the instrument base of the medical instrument. The system also includes a drive device configured to engage the flexible shaft, and a second robotic arm attachable to the drive device. The second robotic arm is configured to operate the drive device to drive axial motion of the flexible shaft, and the first robotic arm is configured to move in coordination with operation of the drive device.

Abstract: Certain aspects relate to systems and techniques for driving axial motion of a shaft of a medical instrument using a drive device. A drive device configured to facilitate axial motion of an elongated shaft of a medical instrument can include a body comprising a channel configured to receive the elongated shaft of the medical instrument, a roller configured to engage with the elongated shaft such that, when rotated, the roller drives axial motion of the elongated shaft received in the channel, a first drive input coupled to the body, wherein the first drive input is operable by a robotic system to rotate the roller, a cover configured to selectively open or close the channel, and a second drive input coupled to the body, wherein the second drive input is operable to actuate the cover.

Abstract: Provided are robotic systems and methods for navigation of luminal network that can improve strain-based shape sensing. In one aspect, the system can compare strain-based shape data to shape data determined based on robotic data (e.g., kinematic model data, torque measurements, mechanical model data, command data, etc.) and adjust the strain-based shape data as necessary. Any portion of the strain-based shape data can be adjusted, weighted differently, or discarded based on the comparison. For example, data from trustworthy sources may indicate that the shape of an instrument exhibits or should exhibit one or more characteristics. If the system determines that any portion of the strain-based shape data is not in agreement with such characteristics, the system may adjust the portion of the strain-based shape data such that the adjusted strain-based shape data is in agreement with the characteristics of the instrument.

Abstract: Certain aspects relate to systems and techniques for docking medical instruments. For example, a medical system can include an instrument drive mechanism having a drive output that rotates and engages a corresponding drive input on a robotic medical instrument, a motor configured to rotate the drive output, and a torque sensor configured to measure torque imparted on the drive output. The robotic medical instrument can include a pre-tensioned pull wire actuated by the drive input. The system can activate the motor associated with the drive output to rotate the drive output in response to a torque signal from the torque sensor associated with the drive output in order to align the drive output with the drive input.

Abstract: Certain aspects relate to systems and techniques for driving a medical instrument having an inner body and an outer body. In one aspect, a system includes a medical instrument comprising an outer body and an inner body configured to be driven through a lumen in the outer body. The system may further include a set of one or more instrument manipulators configured to control movement of the outer and inner bodies and a set of one or more processors configured to: receive a change drive mode command, and in response to receiving the change drive mode command, change a drive mode of the medical instrument from a paired drive mode to an unpaired drive mode.

Abstract: A surgical robotic system automatically calibrates tubular and flexible surgical tools such as endoscopes. By compensating for unideal behavior of a surgical instrument, the surgical robotic system can accurately model motions of the surgical instrument and navigate the surgical instrument while performing a surgical procedure on a patient. During calibration, the surgical robotic system moves the surgical instrument to a target position and receives data describing an actual position and/or orientation of the surgical instrument. The surgical robotic system determines gain values based at least on the discrepancy between the target position and the actual position. The surgical instrument can include tubular components referred to as a sheath and leader. An instrument device manipulator of the surgical robotic system actuates pull wires coupled to the sheath and/or the leader, which causes the surgical instrument to articulate.

Abstract: Certain aspects relate to systems and techniques for docking medical instruments. For example, a medical system can include an instrument drive mechanism having a drive output that rotates and engages a corresponding drive input on a robotic medical instrument, a motor configured to rotate the drive output, and a torque sensor configured to measure torque imparted on the drive output. The robotic medical instrument can include a pre-tensioned pull wire actuated by the drive input. The system can activate the motor associated with the drive output to rotate the drive output in response to a torque signal from the torque sensor associated with the drive output in order to align the drive output with the drive input.

Abstract: Certain aspects relate to systems and techniques for driving a medical instrument having an inner body and an outer body. In one aspect, a system includes a medical instrument comprising an outer body and an inner body configured to be driven through a lumen in the outer body. The system may further include a set of one or more instrument manipulators configured to control movement of the outer and inner bodies and a set of one or more processors configured to: receive a change drive mode command, and in response to receiving the change drive mode command, change a drive mode of the medical instrument from a paired drive mode to an unpaired drive mode.