Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a substrate including a top surface; a semiconductor stack including a first semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second semiconductor layer formed on the substrate, wherein a portion of the top surface is exposed; a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) formed on the semiconductor stack and contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate; a metal layer formed on the distributed Bragg reflector (DBR), contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate and being insulated with the semiconductor stack; and an insulation layer formed on the metal layer and contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a light-emitting element, includes: providing a base having an upper surface and a lower surface; forming a semiconductor stack on the upper surface; removing part of the semiconductor stack to form a pre-defined dicing region surrounding the semiconductor stack; forming a dielectric stack covering the semiconductor stack and the pre-defined dicing region; and applying a first laser having a first wavelength to irradiate the base along the pre-defined dicing region; wherein the dielectric stack has a reflectance of 10%-50% and/or a transmittance of 50%-90% for the first wavelength.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a light-emitting element, includes: providing a base having an upper surface and a lower surface; forming a semiconductor stack on the upper surface; removing part of the semiconductor stack to form an isolation region surrounding the semiconductor stack; forming a dielectric stack covering the semiconductor stack and the isolation region; and applying a first laser having a first wavelength to irradiate the base along the isolation region; wherein the dielectric stack has a reflectance of 10%-50% and/or a transmittance of 50%-90% for the first wavelength.

Abstract: An axial-rotation locking-mechanism assembly includes a handle, a locking assembly, and a shaft. The locking assembly includes a locking element and a cam mechanism. The shaft is operatively connected to the handle and the locking assembly. When the handle is rotated in a first direction, the shaft is rotated in a first direction and drives the cam mechanism to move the locking element in a first axial direction. When the handle is rotated in a second direction, the shaft is rotated in a second direction and drives the cam mechanism to move the locking element in a second axial direction. The second direction is the opposite of the first direction. The first axial direction is the opposite of the second direction.

Abstract: An audio signal modulation and amplification circuit includes a common-mode electric potential controller, a carrier generator, and channel circuits. The common-mode electric potential controller is configured to generate one or more first common-mode electric potentials and second common-mode electric potentials. The carrier generator is adapted to receive the first common-mode electric potential to generate a carrier signal. Each of the channel circuits includes a filter, a comparison circuit, and a driving circuit. The filter is adapted to filter an input signal and generate a filtered signal based on a corresponding one of the second common-mode electric potentials. The comparison circuit is configured to compare the potential of the carrier signal with the potential of the filtered signal to generate a pulse-width modulation signal. The driving circuit is configured to be turned on or off in response to the pulse-width modulation signal to output a load driving signal.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a substrate including a top surface; a semiconductor stack including a first semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second semiconductor layer formed on the substrate, wherein a portion of the top surface is exposed; a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) formed on the semiconductor stack and contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate; a metal layer formed on the distributed Bragg reflector (DBR), contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate and being insulated with the semiconductor stack; and an insulation layer formed on the metal layer and contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a substrate including a top surface; a semiconductor stack including a first semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second semiconductor layer formed on the substrate, wherein a portion of the top surface is exposed; a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) formed on the semiconductor stack and contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate; a metal layer formed on the distributed Bragg reflector (DBR), contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate and being insulated with the semiconductor stack; and an insulation layer formed on the metal layer and contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A vehicle lighting control circuit box is provided, including a case member, a circuit unit, at least one cover member and a positioning assembly. The case member is a metal member and extends along a longitudinal direction, the case member defines a receiving space, and two ends of the case member on the longitudinal direction respectively have an opening communicating with the receiving space. The circuit unit is received in the receiving space. Each of the at least one cover member covers one of the two openings. The positioning assembly is disposed on the case member to position the circuit unit within the receiving space to make the circuit unit contact with the case member.

Abstract: A circuit includes an input impedance, an operational amplifier, a voltage-adjusting circuit, a pulse-generating circuit, and a drive circuit. The input impedance is coupled to an input terminal of the operational amplifier, receives an input voltage, and outputs an input current. The operational amplifier is coupled to a first power voltage and outputs an amplified signal according to an input operating voltage and a feedback signal. The voltage-adjusting circuit adjusts the input operating voltage of the operational amplifier. The pulse-generating circuit generates a pulse width modulation signal according to the amplified signal. The drive circuit is coupled to a second power voltage and generates a driving signal according to the pulse width modulation signal. The feedback signal is correlated with the driving signal.

Abstract: A negative feedback system architecture and a loop filter thereof are provided. The negative feedback system architecture includes a loop filter, a pulse width modulation circuit, and a driver. The loop filter includes a three-stage series integrator for receiving a signal and outputting the filtered signal. The loop filter has three in-bandwidth poles and at least two in-bandwidth zeros. The pulse width modulation circuit is electrically connected to the loop filter for receiving the filtered signal and modulating it into a pulse width modulation signal to output. The driver is electrically connected to the pulse width modulation circuit and the loop filter for receiving the pulse width modulation signal to generate an output signal to drive a load device, and the output signal is fed back to the loop filter.

Abstract: An audio device is adapted to receive and process a digital audio signal and output an analog audio signal. The audio device includes an adder, a digital-to-analog conversion circuit, an amplifying circuit, a voltage detecting circuit and an offset compensating circuit. The voltage detecting circuit detects a supply voltage received by the amplifying circuit. The offset compensating circuit generates a DC offset compensation value according to the supply voltage. The adder adds the digital audio signal and the DC offset compensation value to output an added signal. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit converts the added signal into a converted analog audio signal. The amplifying circuit amplifies the converted analog signal to output an amplified analog signal. Accordingly, the audio device can reduce pop noise caused by a DC offset.

Abstract: A motor vehicle circuit protection device configured to be electrically connected with a power end and a load end is provided, including: a voltage pre-stabilizing unit, set with a maximum voltage value; and a trickle discharge unit, electrically connected with the voltage pre-stabilizing unit, the trickle discharge unit being configured to absorb, obviate or eliminate trickle current from the load end. A motor vehicle circuit includes the motor vehicle circuit protection device is provided, further including the power end and the load end.

Abstract: A vehicle lighting control circuit box is provided, including a case member, a circuit unit, at least one cover member and a positioning assembly. The case member is a metal member and extends along a longitudinal direction, the case member defines a receiving space, and two ends of the case member on the longitudinal direction respectively have an opening communicating with the receiving space. The circuit unit is received in the receiving space. Each of the at least one cover member covers one of the two openings. The positioning assembly is disposed on the case member to position the circuit unit within the receiving space to make the circuit unit contact with the case member.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a substrate including a top surface; a semiconductor stack including a first semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second semiconductor layer formed on the substrate, wherein a portion of the top surface is exposed; a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) formed on the semiconductor stack and contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate; a metal layer formed on the distributed Bragg reflector (DBR), contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate and being insulated with the semiconductor stack; and an insulation layer formed on the metal layer and contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An air sterilization mask including main body and air sterilization component. Main body has accommodation space. Air sterilization component includes casing, airflow generating unit and light sterilizer. Casing has inlet end, outlet end, top opening, bottom opening and channel. Main body is selectively connected to one of inlet and outlet ends. Top opening is located on inlet end. Bottom opening is located on outlet end. Two opposite sides of channel are respectively in fluid communication with top opening and bottom opening. Accommodation space and outside environment are in fluid communication with each other via channel. Airflow generating unit is selectively disposed in one of inlet end, outlet end, and channel. Light sterilizer is disposed in casing and light emitted from light sterilizer is irradiated toward at least a part of channel.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a substrate including a top surface; a semiconductor stack including a first semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second semiconductor layer formed on the substrate, wherein a portion of the top surface is exposed; a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) formed on the semiconductor stack and contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate; a metal layer formed on the distributed Bragg reflector (DBR), contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate and being insulated with the semiconductor stack; and an insulation layer formed on the metal layer and contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A package structure of a light-emitting element includes a shell, a first conductive path, a second conductive path, a light-emitting device, a cover, a first light-transmitting sensing electrode, and a second light-transmitting sensing electrode. The shell has a top surface and a bottom surface, and the top surface is recessed toward the bottom surface to form an accommodating space. Each of the first and second conductive paths extends from the top surface to the bottom surface. The light-emitting device is disposed in the accommodating space. The cover is disposed over the shell. The first and second light-transmitting sensing electrodes are disposed on the same surface of the cover, and a capacitance is formed between the first and second light-transmitting sensing electrodes. The first and second light-transmitting sensing electrodes are electrically connected to the first and second conductive paths, respectively.

Abstract: An audio device for reducing pop noise is adapted to compensate for a direct current (DC) offset of an audio source signal and output the audio source signal to an audio playing device. The audio device includes a linear operation circuit, an adder, a digital-to-analog circuit, and an amplification circuit. The digital-to-analog circuit is coupled between the adder and the amplification circuit. The linear operation circuit generates a DC offset value based on a linear equation, a temperature parameter, a slope parameter, and a constant. The adder is configured to process an input signal and the DC offset value to generate a calibration signal. The digital-to-analog circuit is configured to convert a calibration signal in a digital form to a calibration signal in an analog form. The amplification circuit is configured to process the calibration signal in the analog form to output the audio source signal.

Abstract: A negative feedback system architecture and a loop filter thereof are provided. The negative feedback system architecture includes a loop filter, a pulse width modulation circuit, and a driver. The loop filter includes a three-stage series integrator for receiving a signal and outputting the filtered signal. The loop filter has three in-bandwidth poles and at least two in-bandwidth zeros. The pulse width modulation circuit is electrically connected to the loop filter for receiving the filtered signal and modulating it into a pulse width modulation signal to output. The driver is electrically connected to the pulse width modulation circuit and the loop filter for receiving the pulse width modulation signal to generate an output signal to drive a load device, and the output signal is fed back to the loop filter.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a light-emitting element, includes: providing a base having an upper surface and a lower surface; forming a semiconductor stack on the upper surface; removing part of the semiconductor stack to form an isolation region surrounding the semiconductor stack; forming a dielectric stack covering the semiconductor stack and the isolation region; and applying a first laser having a first wavelength to irradiate the base along the isolation region; wherein the dielectric stack has a reflectance of 10%-50% and/or a transmittance of 50%-90% for the first wavelength.