Abstract: A method for detecting faults of individual wave sources in a marine source array includes acquiring near-field data using sensors, the sensors being located near the individual wave sources. The method further includes generating an index for each of the individual wave sources based on (A) the near-field data and (B) information on the geometry of the marine source array that enables localizing the individual wave sources and respective sensors relative to one another. The method also includes comparing the index for each of the individual wave sources with a corresponding reference index for determining whether a fault has occurred.

Abstract: A method controls a delay of an air-gun in an aquatic seismic source. The method includes a step of receiving an attribute of the air-gun during the aquatic seismic survey; a step of calculating, based on a time-delay algorithm that uses the attribute, the asynchronization time of the air-gun; a step of determining whether the asynchronization time is smaller than a given time threshold; a step of instructing a controller to (1) wait for a predetermined time before calculating again the asynchronization time of the air-gun if the asynchronization time is smaller than the given time threshold, or (2) calculate an updated asynchronization time for the air-gun based on the attribute if the asynchronization time is larger than the given time threshold; and a step of sending the updated asynchronization time to a gun controller of the air-gun for adjusting a delay time for firing the air-gun.

Abstract: Methods and systems for generating a stability indicator associated with source directivity between shots and based on a signature are described. The stability indicator is computed by comparing a reference directivity cube to a source directivity cube using a partitioned intensity uniformity (PIU) metric. In another aspect, the stability indicator can be normalized to produce a scalar stability indicator expressed in percentage.

Abstract: Methods and systems for generating multi-criteria shot indicators are described. The multi-criteria shot indicator values can be weighted and the weighting factors can themselves incorporate one or more sensitivity factors. In another aspect, the shot indicators are related to the 4D repeatability and/or the 3D stability of seismic features associated with individual shots or sets of shots. The multi-criteria shot indicators can be evaluated in real-time onboard a seismic vessel and included as part of an infill reshoot decision making/quality control process.

Abstract: A method controls a delay of an air-gun in an aquatic seismic source. The method includes a step of receiving an attribute of the air-gun during the aquatic seismic survey; a step of calculating, based on a time-delay algorithm that uses the attribute, the asynchronization time of the air-gun; a step of determining whether the asynchronization time is smaller than a given time threshold; a step of instructing a controller to (1) wait for a predetermined time before calculating again the asynchronization time of the air-gun if the asynchronization time is smaller than the given time threshold, or (2) calculate an updated asynchronization time for the air-gun based on the attribute if the asynchronization time is larger than the given time threshold; and a step of sending the updated asynchronization time to a gun controller of the air-gun for adjusting a delay time for firing the air-gun.

Abstract: A method for detecting faults of individual wave sources in a marine source array includes acquiring near-field data using sensors, the sensors being located near the individual wave sources. The method further includes generating an index for each of the individual wave sources based on (A) the near-field data and (B) information on the geometry of the marine source array that enables localizing the individual wave sources and respective sensors relative to one another. The method also includes comparing the index for each of the individual wave sources with a corresponding reference index for determining whether a fault has occurred.