Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for determining a transmission rate supported by a data stream, user equipment, and a base station. The method includes: determining, by user equipment UE, a first index corresponding to an average transmission rate supported by a channel between the UE and the base station; determining, by the UE, a second index corresponding to a difference between an instantaneous transmission rate supported by a data stream on the channel and an average transmission rate supported by the data stream on the channel; sending, by the UE, the first index to the base station; and sending, by the UE, the second index to the base station. According to the embodiments of the present invention, the instantaneous transmission rate supported by the data stream on the channel can be relatively accurately fed back to the base station, thereby improving channel resource utilization.

Abstract: The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and discloses an access method, apparatus, device, and system for visible light communication. The method includes: obtaining neighbor visible light communication personal area network VPAN information, where the neighbor VPAN information includes information about at least one neighbor VPAN of a first VPAN, and information about each neighbor VPAN includes an identity ID and probe information of the neighbor VPAN; sending the neighbor VPAN information to user equipment, where the neighbor VPAN information is used by the user equipment to perform VPAN search and access. In embodiments of the present application, a VPAN sends obtained neighbor VPAN information to user equipment, so that the user equipment can perform VPAN search and access based on probe information of a neighbor VPAN in the neighbor VPAN information.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application disclose a visible light-based communication method, a related device, and a related system. A first VLC device is configured to send a reporting indication message to a coordinator when a VPAN ID conflict occurs on a VPAN. The reporting indication message includes VPAN ID information detected by the first VLC device. A coordinator device is configured to receive the reporting indication message sent by the first VLC device. A coordinator device is configured to select a new VPAN ID based on the VPAN ID information to resolve the VPAN ID conflict effectively.

Abstract: A beacon sending method, a network access method, a coordinator, and a device are disclosed. The method is: sending, by a coordinator, a beacon by occupying a first beacon timeslot in a current super frame, and after sending the beacon, receiving a first beacon request frame sent by a device, where the first beacon request frame is used to indicate that the device is located in an interference area between an area of a first network in which the coordinator is located and an area of at least one second network; and after receiving the first beacon request frame, sending, by the coordinator, a beacon by separately occupying a first beacon timeslot and a second beacon timeslot in each of N super frames starting from a next super frame, where N?1, and N is a positive integer.

Abstract: The present application discloses an uplink transmission method, including: generating, by a media access control (MAC) layer of a first device, MAC information, then generating a first primitive carrying the MAC information, and sending the first primitive to an adjacent higher layer of the MAC layer of the first device; receiving, by the adjacent higher layer of the MAC layer of the first device, the first primitive, then generating an adjacent higher layer message carrying the MAC information, and sending the adjacent higher layer message to an adjacent higher layer of a MAC layer of a second device; and receiving, by the adjacent higher layer of the MAC layer of the second device, the adjacent higher layer message, then generating a second primitive carrying the MAC information, and sending the second primitive to the MAC layer of the second device.

Abstract: A bid management system generates estimated performance metrics at the bid unit level to facilitate bid optimization. The bid management system includes a hierarchical feature selection and prediction approach. Feature selection is performed by aggregating historical performance metrics to a higher hierarchical level and testing features for statistical significance. Features for which a significance level satisfies a significance threshold are selected for prediction analysis. The prediction analysis uses a statistical model based on selected features to generate estimated performance metrics at the bid unit level.

Abstract: A gate dielectric layer and a gate electrode layer are formed around semiconductor pillars. The gate electrode layer is patterned to remove top portions that protrude above the semiconductor pillars and divided into multiple strips. Each strip constitutes a gate electrode line including a horizontal layer portion and a plurality of surrounding portions that entirely laterally surround respective channel regions of the semiconductor pillars to form wrap gate vertical select field effect transistors. Vertical stacks of memory elements and alternating layer stacks including a vertically alternating sequence of insulating strips and electrically conductive word line strips are formed above the vertical field effect transistors. Vertical bit lines can be formed inside the vertical stacks of memory elements.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and methods for laparoscopic abdominal surgery are disclosed. For example, a system or kit is provided for performing a procedure within a surgical space within a patient's body that includes a plurality of tool heads, and a tool head carrier including features for removably receiving one or more tool heads, the tool head carrier sized for introduction through a trocar or other port into a surgical space. The system or kit may also include a surgical tool including a tool shaft introduceable into the surgical space and including features for securing a tool head to the tool. Optionally, the tool head carrier may include a clip for securing the tool head carrier to an endoscope.

Abstract: In various implementations, analytics data is received that indicates performance of bid targets for historical bids made in one or more content delivery auctions. Baseline prediction models are maintained for the bid targets. The baseline prediction models use the analytics data to predict performance of the bid targets in one or more future instances of at least one content delivery auction. A presentation context factor model is maintained that provides an adjustment factor that quantifies a contribution of a subset of a plurality of presentation context factors associated with the bid targets to performance of the bid targets based on predicted values from the baseline prediction models. A contextual predicted value is computed using the adjustment factor for the subset of the plurality of presentation context factors. A performance prediction is transmitted to a user device and is based on at least the contextual predicted value.

Abstract: A system and method for abdominal surgery is disclosed. The system can have one or more end effectors that can be attached to an introducer and/or tray and inserted into the abdomen through a large puncture through the patient's umbilicus. The end effector can have a surgical tool, such as a grasper. The system can have a manipulatable control arm that can be inserted into the abdomen through a small puncture through the patient's body wall. The end effector can be attached to the control arm and simultaneously or concurrently detached from the introducer or tray. The control arm can then manipulate the end effector to perform the surgery.

Abstract: A system and method for abdominal surgery is disclosed. The system can have one or more end effectors that can be attached to an introducer and/or tray and inserted into the abdomen through a large puncture through the patient's umbilicus. The end effector can have a surgical tool, such as a grasper. The system can have a manipulatable control arm that can be inserted into the abdomen through a small puncture through the patient's body wall. The end effector can be attached to the control arm and simultaneously or concurrently detached from the introducer or tray. The control arm can then manipulate the end effector to perform the surgery.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and methods for laparoscopic abdominal surgery are disclosed. For example, a system or kit is provided for performing a procedure within a surgical space within a patient's body that includes a plurality of tool heads, and a tool head carrier including features for removably receiving one or more tool heads, the tool head carrier sized for introduction through a trocar or other port into a surgical space. The system or kit may also include a surgical tool including a tool shaft introduceable into the surgical space and including features for securing a tool head to the tool. Optionally, the tool head carrier may include a clip for securing the tool head carrier to an endoscope.

Abstract: A system and method for abdominal surgery is disclosed. The system can have one or more end effectors that can be attached to an introducer and/or tray and inserted into the abdomen through a large puncture through the patient's umbilicus. The end effector can have a surgical tool, such as a grasper. The system can have a manipulatable control arm that can be inserted into the abdomen through a small puncture through the patient's body wall. The end effector can be attached to the control arm and simultaneously or concurrently detached from the introducer or tray. The control arm can then manipulate the end effector to perform the surgery.

Abstract: Methods of treating diseases or conditions associated with TH 17 cell mediated immune response are provided where a subject is administered an effective amount of an agent that modulates the IL-21 signaling pathway so as to inhibit or induce the differentiation of TH17 cells and/or the expression of IL-17, IL17-F, IL-22, and IL-21.

Abstract: The invention provides B7S1 nucleic acid, B7S1 polypeptides, and antibodies that bind B7S1 polypeptides. B7S1 sequences can be used, e.g., to screen for modulators of B7S1 activity. Modulators, e.g., antibodies or small molecules, can be used for the treatment of disease that involve an immune response.

Abstract: The invention provides B7S1 nucleic acid, B7S1 polypeptides, and antibodies that bind B7S1 polypeptides. B7S1 sequences can be used, e.g., to screen for modulators of B7S1 activity. Modulators, e.g., antibodies or small molecules, can be used for the treatment of disease that involve an immune response.

Abstract: A fault isolation technique for checking the accuracy of data packets transmitted between nodes of a parallel processor. An independent crc is kept of all data sent from one processor to another, and received from one processor to another. At the end of each checkpoint, the crcs are compared. If they do not match, there was an error. The crcs may be cleared and restarted at each checkpoint. In the preferred embodiment, the basic functionality is to calculate a CRC of all packet data that has been successfully transmitted across a given link. This CRC is done on both ends of the link, thereby allowing an independent check on all data believed to have been correctly transmitted. Preferably, all links have this CRC coverage, and the CRC used in this link level check is different from that used in the packet transfer protocol. This independent check, if successfully passed, virtually eliminates the possibility that any data errors were missed during the previous transfer period.