Abstract: A circuit board structure includes a circuit substrate having opposing first and second sides, a redistribution structure disposed at the first side, and a dielectric structure disposed at the second side. The circuit substrate includes a first circuit layer disposed at the first side and a second circuit layer disposed at the second side. The redistribution structure is electrically coupled to the circuit substrate and includes a first leveling dielectric layer covering the first circuit layer, a first thin-film dielectric layer disposed on the first leveling dielectric layer and having a material different from the first leveling dielectric layer, and a first redistributive layer disposed on the first thin-film dielectric layer and penetrating through the first thin-film dielectric layer and the first leveling dielectric layer to be in contact with the first circuit layer. The dielectric structure includes a second leveling dielectric layer disposed below the second circuit layer.

Abstract: A connection structure of a semiconductor device is provided in the present invention. The connection structure includes an interlayer dielectric, a top metal structure, and a passivation layer. The interlayer dielectric is disposed on a substrate. The top metal structure is disposed on the interlayer dielectric. The top metal structure includes a bottom portion and a top portion disposed on the bottom portion. The bottom portion includes a first sidewall, and the top portion includes a second sidewall. A slope of the first sidewall is larger than a slope of the second sidewall. The passivation layer is conformally disposed on the second sidewall, the first sidewall, and a top surface of the interlayer dielectric.

Abstract: A power adapter with a sensing control function for a lamp load comprises a plug case, a pin set, and a circuit board. The plug case has an exterior surface having an operation area. The pin set is mounted on the plug case. The circuit module is mounted in the plug case, is electrically connected to the pin set, and has a sensor board comprising a sensing conductor and a controller electrically connected to the sensing conductor. A position of the sensing conductor corresponds to a position of the operation area of the exterior surface of the plug case.

Abstract: An LED light string has a plug, a socket, a lighting string connected between the plug and the socket, and a control circuit provided in either the plug or the socket. The control circuit uses at least one current controller to control a driving current flowing through the lighting string stably. When a temperature of the lighting string exceeds a threshold, the current controller activates its over-temperature protection function to lower the driving current. When short-circuit occurs on the lighting string, the current controller activates its short-circuit protection function to lower the driving current.

Abstract: A removable cover fastening apparatus for electronic devices has a housing, a removable cover, and a fastening element. The housing has a threaded hole. The removable cover is detachably mounted in the housing and has a connecting hole. The connecting hole has a threaded portion and a concave portion. The fastening element has a rod portion, and the rod portion has a first threaded section and a second threaded section. The first threaded section engages the threaded portion of the connecting hole, and the second threaded section engages the threaded hole of the housing. Users may rotate the fastening element until the threaded section is detached from the threaded hole, thereby the removable cover is detached from the housing, and the fastening element does not drop off from the removable cover.

Abstract: An LED light string with open circuit protection has a first end for receiving a first voltage, a second end for receiving a second voltage, and multiple LED units connected in series between the first end and the second end. Each of the LED units has multiple LEDs and at least one by-pass resistor connected in parallel. Even when the LEDs of the same LED unit all fail, a current from the first end to the second end can still flow through all the LED units via the by-pass resistors to drive the remaining normal LED units.

Abstract: An LED light string with open circuit protection has a first end for receiving a first voltage, a second end for receiving a second voltage, and multiple LED units connected in series between the first end and the second end. Each of the LED units has multiple LEDs and at least one by-pass resistor connected in parallel. Even when the LEDs of the same LED unit all fail, a current from the first end to the second end can still flow through all the LED units via the by-pass resistors to drive the remaining normal LED units.

Abstract: The invention relates to an LED light tube and a circuit module for the same, wherein the circuit is located in a light tube body and includes a rectifying unit, a current regulating and voltage regulating unit, and an LED unit. The light tube body can be installed in a lamp-holder of a fluorescent tube without changing a starter and a ballast. The rectifying unit has two power terminals connected to electrodes of the light tube body for receiving a mains power and the rectifying unit via the electrodes. The rectifying unit converts the mains power to a sign wave DC voltage. The current regulating and voltage regulating unit is connected to the rectifying unit for converting the mains power to a working power. The LED unit is electrically connected to the current regulating and voltage regulating unit for receiving the working power to emit light.

Abstract: A light string has a plug, a tail socket and multiple LED lamps connected between the plug and the tail socket. The plug and tail socket respectively have a voltage converting circuit to commonly form a power converting circuit that converts AC voltage to DC voltage. The LED lamps include a primary LED lamp and multiple secondary LED lamps, wherein the primary LED lamp has a primary control chip for outputting control data to each LED lamp. According to the control data, the LED lamps are able to generate different lighting effects without using an additional control box.

Abstract: An electric connector includes a tubular coupler and two metallic pipes mounted in the coupler. Each pipe has a tubular portion, a channel, a baffle sheet and a connecting sheet. The channel is defined through the tubular portion and extending along a longitudinal axis of the tubular portion. The baffle sheet is formed on the pipe and is located on a distal end of the tubular portion to shield the channel and prevent the channel from plugging. The connecting sheet extends from the tubular portion and is located adjacent to the baffle sheet for electrically connecting with an electric conductor.

Abstract: An electric plug includes a casing, two metal contacting blades, a printed circuit board and a cap. The casing has a cavity defined in the casing. The two metal contacting blades are mounted in the casing and extend out from the casing. The printed circuit board is received in the cavity in the casing and has two metal clampers electrically connecting with the printed circuit board. Each clamper has two legs mounted on the printed circuit board and curved toward each other for securely clamping the contacting blade between the two legs and electrically conducting the contacting blade with the printed circuit board. The cap is mounted on the casing for closing the cavity in the casing. The clampers provide a high heat-resistance. The connections between clampers and the contacting blades are firm for providing a well conduction without wire or welding.

Abstract: A constant-current controller for a LED light string has a control unit, multiple constant current circuits, multiple first switches and multiple second switches. The control unit outputs driving signals to turn on the first switches, causing the second switches being turned on subsequently. Therefore, the constant current circuits output electric currents flowing through the second switches to activate the LED light string.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a decorative light string device, which comprises: a power plug receiving AC power, a tail socket coupled to the power plug, and a LED string with one end thereof coupled to the power plug and the other end thereof coupled to the tail socket, wherein each of the power plug and tail socket has a diode and a capacitor coupled to the diode, whereby a DC voltage, which is twice the peak voltage of the AC power, is output to the LED string.

Abstract: A wire cutter head for preventing misalignment of cutting blades comprises two cutting members, the two cutting members respectively have a cutting face and a handle neck at two ends and are pivoted together at a middle position. The cutting face is a stepped inclined surface having a stopping surface formed with an inclined angle at an approximant middle section, such that the two stopping surfaces are flat with respect to each other, and a blade is formed at a lower edge of the cutting face. The handle neck is a plate used for controlling the pivot angle of the cutting blades. When the handle necks of the cutting members are pressed to rotate the cutting faces, the two facing stopping surfaces and the blades of the two cutting members contact each other. Therefore, the linear contact between the blades is free from misalignment and no offset gap between the blades occurs during operation.

Abstract: A constant-current controller for a LED light string has a control unit, multiple constant current circuits, multiple first switches and multiple second switches. The control unit outputs driving signals to turn on the first switches, causing the second switches being turned on subsequently. Therefore, the constant current circuits output electric currents flowing through the second switches to activate the LED light string.

Abstract: An LED light string assembly has a plug for providing a low DC voltage, an extension socket, a light string connected between the plug and the extension socket. The light string has multiple LED Christmas bulbs connected in parallel. Each LED Christmas bulb includes an LED and a resistor connected in series. Even one of the LED Christmas bulb burns out, all the remaining LED Christmas bulb of the light string will not be affected and still can be normally turned on as required to generate light.

Abstract: A control box for a Christmas light string is connected between a plug and a light string. The control box has a harmonic reducing element, an AC/DC converting circuit, a driving circuit and multiple switches. The AC/DC converting circuit converts AC power to DC power. The driving circuit outputs controls signals to turn on or off the switches, whereby light units of the light string are correspondingly activated or deactivated by the switches. The harmonic reducing element is connected between the plug and the AC/DC converting circuit to reduce or eliminate harmonics resulted from the operations of the switches. Therefore, the AC power input to the control box is prevented form being interfered by the harmonics to ensure the light string operates normally.

Abstract: A light string assembly has a plug, an extension socket, a light string, a resistor and a reference diode. The plug is adapted to connect to an AC power. The light string is electrically connected between the plug and the extension socket and has multiple lighting units connected in series. The resistor is electrically connected to the light string in series. The reference diode is connected to the resistor in parallel in a reverse-biased direction. The reference diode avoids over-voltage across the resistor and thereby protects the resistor and the lighting units of the light string from damage.

Abstract: A decorative light has two conductors mounted in a casing. Two terminals of a bulb are positioned by electrical connectors of the conductors, and the terminals electrically connect with the electrical connectors. The bulb is positioned in the casing without a light seat, so number of elements is decreased. The terminals of the bulb are inserted and positioned by the electrical connectors, so cutting and bending of the terminals is not required and an efficiency of fabrication is increased.