Abstract: An operation apparatus for a rotary switch and a rotary switch relate to the field of switch technologies. The operation apparatus for a rotary switch includes a motion member and a fastener having an accommodating cavity. The motion member passes through the accommodating cavity, and the motion member is driven to move in the accommodating cavity and can be switched between a lock position and a working position. The lock position restricts rotation of the motion member. When the motion member is in the working position, a release can be reset under action of the motion member. The operation apparatus for the rotary switch provides for reliable reset of the release.

Abstract: An energy management system for an industrial plant comprises an energy consumption model comprises a plurality of asset energy modules. The asset energy modules comprise at least two interchangeable asset energy modules corresponding to at least two respective interchangeable assets of a first asset type. The energy consumption module further comprises a production system energy model for determining a plurality of energy consumptions in a scenario using the first asset type. The production system energy model is configured for determining energy consumptions by interchanging the at least two interchangeable asset energy modules in the production system energy model. The energy management system further comprises a energy production model for determining an energy production by one or more energy sources of the industrial plant. The energy management system further comprises an energy optimizer for configuring the industrial plant based on the plurality of energy consumptions and the energy production.

Abstract: A knowledge graph generation system includes an input unit and a knowledge graph generator. The input unit receives service reports, each comprising natural language; and provides the service reports to the knowledge graph generator. The knowledge graph generator implements a Large Language Model (LLM), utilizes the LLM to identify entries from the natural language in the service reports, wherein the identified entries comprise names and types of instruments, issues that need to be addressed for those instruments, and actions taken by service technicians to mitigate the issues. The identified entries form rules, each rule comprises a tuple of one instrument type, one issue, and an action step or series of action steps taken to mitigate the issue. The rules are used to generate a plurality of knowledge graph nodes. The knowledge graph generator utilizes the nodes to generate a knowledge graph.

Abstract: The application provides an aerosol generating article. The aerosol generating article includes a substrate segment, a functional segment and a front plug segment. The functional segment is in an integral structure, arranged at an end of the substrate segment along an axial direction, with at least one first air channel arranged through at least one end of the functional segment. The front plug segment is arranged at an end of the substrate segment away from the functional segment along the axial direction. A composition for preparing parts of an aerosol generating article is also provided.

Abstract: Examples related to ranking offers based on machine learning are disclosed. An example may involve: receiving a request for ranking a plurality of offers associated with an item; generating offer related feature data based on the request; inputting the offer related feature data into a machine learning model to generate an order conversion score for each of the plurality of offers; generating, from the plurality of offers, a ranked list of offers based on their respective order conversion scores; and transmitting the ranked list of offers to a computing device.

Abstract: The application provides a functional segment. The functional segment is configured to be applied in an aerosol generating article. The functional segment extends along a longitudinal direction, the functional segment is formed into an integral structure, and the functional segment is formed with first air channels passing through at least one end of the functional segment. An aerosol generating article is also provided.

Abstract: An aerosol-generating substrate, manufacturing method, and aerosol-generating system for controlled cannabinoid delivery. The substrate contains 25% to 90% by weight cannabis with 2% to 5% moisture content and features interior air channels extending longitudinally. Manufacturing involves mechanical comminution to achieve particle sizes of 1 ?m to 150 ?m D90, freeze-drying to control moisture, mixing with skeletal material, binder, and flavoring, and extrusion to form the channeled substrate structure. The aerosol-generating system heats the substrate to produce aerosol delivering 3 mg to 10 mg mass per puff with 1.5 mg to 5.0 mg cannabinoid content under standard testing conditions, enabling consistent and controlled cannabinoid administration.

Abstract: The application provides an aerosol generating article. The aerosol generating article includes a substrate segment, a cooling segment, a filter segment and a front plug segment. The cooling segment, as a functional segment in an integral structure, is arranged at an end of the substrate segment along an axial direction. The filter segment is arranged at an end of the cooling segment away from the substrate segment along the axial direction. The front plug segment is arranged at an end of the substrate segment away from the filter segment along the axial direction.

Abstract: A flavor sustained-release composition, manufacturing method, and aerosol-generating system for controlled terpene delivery in aerosol products. The composition features encapsulated terpene compounds as core material with composite modified starch as wall material, achieving at least 70% encapsulation rate. Manufacturing involves preparing wall-material solution at 10% to 50% concentration, emulsifying with core material at wall-to-terpene ratios of 10:1 to 1:1, and spray-drying at controlled temperatures. The aerosol-generating system incorporates this composition in articles with cannabis substrate segments, delivering consistent terpene release with relative standard deviation below 30% over 10 puffs under standard testing conditions, enabling uniform flavor experience throughout product use.

Abstract: The application provides an aerosol generating article. The aerosol generating article includes a substrate segment, a cooling segment, a filter segment and a front plug segment. The substrate segment is in an integral structure. The cooling segment, as a functional segment in an integral structure, is arranged at an end of the substrate segment along an axial direction. The filter segment is arranged at an end of the cooling segment away from the substrate segment along the axial direction. The front plug segment is arranged at an end of the substrate segment away from the filter segment along the axial direction.

Abstract: The application provides an aerosol generating article. The aerosol generating article includes a substrate segment, a cooling segment and a filter segment. The cooling segment is arranged at an end of the segment, the cooling segment is formed into an integral structure, and the cooling segment is formed with at least one air channel passing through at least one end of the cooling segment. The filter segment is arranged at an end of the cooling segment away from the substrate segment.

Abstract: The application provides an aerosol generating article. The aerosol generating article includes a substrate segment, a functional segment and a front plug segment. The substrate segment is in an integral structure, with at least one second air channel arranged through at least one end of the substrate segment. The functional segment is in an integral structure, arranged at an end of the substrate segment along an axial direction, with at least one first air channel arranged through at least one end of the functional segment. The front plug segment is arranged at an end of the substrate segment away from the functional segment along the axial direction. A composition for preparing parts of an aerosol generating article is also provided.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a temperature of a medium within a pipe and/or an inner surface temperature of the pipe, including obtaining temperature measurement data from first and second temperature sensors, the data indicative of a temperature of an outer surface temperature of the pipe and of an ambient temperature of a surrounding of the pipe; wherein the temperature sensors are provided within a holding element; processing the temperature measurement data by a First Principal Artificial Intelligence (FP-AI) comprising a partial differential equation (PDE) and; determining the temperature of the medium and/or an inner surface temperature of the pipe from the processing by the FP-AI.

Abstract: A method for determining a response time (RT) for a non-invasive temperature sensor includes obtaining temperature measurement data, wherein the temperature measurement data is at least indicative of an outer surface temperature of the pipe, measured by the non-invasive temperature sensor; obtaining process parameter data indicative of pipe and/or media characteristics; determining a time constant indicative for a physical delay effect, based on the process parameter data and temperature measurement data; and determining the RT for the non-invasive temperature sensor based on the time delay parameter data.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a rotary operator and a rotary switch. The rotary operator includes a handle, a fastening base, and a pressing component. The fastening base is provided with an accommodation cavity. A transmission end of the handle is inserted in the accommodation cavity and is capable of relatively rotating in the accommodation cavity. The pressing component is sleeved on the transmission end of the handle and is slidably connected to the fastening base. The handle is pushed to move along an axis of the accommodation cavity, so that the pressing component moves relative to the fastening base to be in contact with or separated from a tripper of a circuit breaker. The rotary operator can reset the tripper of the circuit breaker easily after a switching operation is completed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to techniques for detection of biomolecules, and in particular to immunosensors related to gold nanoparticles.

Abstract: A rule utilization system for switchgear includes a deterministic rule engine; an input unit; and an output unit; wherein the input unit is configured to receive a request based on input from an operator relating to an operation to be performed on a switchgear; wherein the deterministic rule engine executes rules relating to the operation to be performed on the switchgear based on a request; utilization of the output unit calls a sensor system to measure and to receive a result of the measurement to call a software system to carry out an assessment of a part of the switchgear and utilization of the input unit to receive a result of the assessment of the part of the switchgear; wherein the rule engine generates an action for the operator; and wherein the output unit is configured to output the at least one action for the operator.

Abstract: A method for identifying/analyzing operating states of an industrial process includes obtaining a time series of measurement values of a process variable; determining an operating state; and from a statistical quantity, a sequence, a duration, and/or a combination of an operating state and values from the time series, determining a quantity of interest; a fitness of a model for explaining the time series, and/or a fitness of a measurement value of the time series as a training example for training a machine learning model and/or training a model that describes the behavior of the industrial process in the operating state determined by the classifying logic.

Abstract: Systems and methods including one or more processors and one or more non-transitory storage devices storing computing instructions configured to run on the one or more processors and perform functions relating to detecting trending search queries that are popular in a short-term time period. User engagement metrics are derived from historical search engine data. A trending analysis function executes statistical analyses on the user engagement to identify the trending search queries. Other embodiments are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A method for obtaining a domain-informed machine learning/artificial intelligence, ML/AI, model for drive analytics includes obtaining first data indicative of a set of data points, wherein each data point is associated with a behavior of a drive apparatus and/or drive system. The method further comprises obtaining second data indicative of domain knowledge comprising physics knowledge associated with a behavior of the drive apparatus and/or drive system and/or with an environment of the drive apparatus and/or drive system. The method further comprises training a machine learning/artificial intelligence, ML/AI, model by jointly utilizing the first data and the second data to obtain the domain-informed ML/AI model for drive analytics.