Abstract: A package structure and a formation method are provided. The method includes providing a semiconductor substrate and bonding a first chip structure on the semiconductor substrate through metal-to-metal bonding and dielectric-to-dielectric bonding. The method also includes bonding a second chip structure over the semiconductor substrate through solder-containing bonding structures. The method further includes forming a protective layer surrounding the second chip structure. A portion of the protective layer is between the semiconductor substrate and a bottom of the second chip structure.

Abstract: Provided are hard carbon beads, their preparation method, and an energy storage device comprising the same. Microwave heating is used to synthesize cross-linked phenolic formaldehyde for reducing energy consumption and controlling the crosslinking density of cured phenolic formaldehyde. The problems caused by high temperature heating and hydrothermal process for curing resin can be solved by the instant disclosure, which can increase the economic values of electrode and energy storage device comprising the hard carbon beads.

Abstract: Provided are a precursor solution, and a modified layer and a lithium-based battery prepared by using the same. The modified layer is formed on the negative electrode, the positive electrode and/or the separator of the lithium-based battery by using the precursor solution through photo-polymerization reaction or thermal curing. The lithium-based battery comprising the modified layer effectively promotes the charge and discharge capability, cycling life, and safety. The modified layer can be applied to a roll-to-roll process. The formation of lithium dendrites in the lithium-based battery comprising the modified layer is significantly suppressed or reduced during the charge-discharge cycles. The shuttle effect is effectively suppressed or reduced in lithium sulfur batteries and lithium iodine batteries. All the above effects are beneficial to increasing the product value of lithium ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, anode-free lithium batteries, lithium sulfur batteries, and lithium iodine batteries.

Abstract: Provided are hard carbon beads, their preparation method, and an energy storage device comprising the same. Microwave heating is used to synthesize cross-linked phenolic formaldehyde for reducing energy consumption and controlling the crosslinking density of cured phenolic formaldehyde. The problems caused by high temperature heating and hydrothermal process for curing resin can be solved by the instant disclosure, which can increase the economic values of electrode and energy storage device comprising the hard carbon beads.