Abstract: Two PARMS-SNP molecular markers for identifying resistant gene VrTAF5 of Vigna radiata (Linn.) Wilczek Cercospora leaf spot disease are provided, which belongs to the field of molecular genetic breeding. The two molecular markers PARMS-1517 and PARMS-10010 include SNP sites located at the 32622352 and 32613913 bases of Vigna radiata (Linn.) Wilczek chromosome 6 respectively. 240 bp sequence before and after the PARMS-1517 is shown in SEQ ID NO.1, a 131st position is SNP site, and a polymorphism is A/C; 240 bp sequence before and after the PARMS-10010 is shown in SEQ ID NO.2, a 117th position is SNP site, and a polymorphism is A/G. The PARMS-SNP molecular markers have a high specificity, accurate and reliable detection results, which can be used for rapid identifying Vigna radiata (Linn.) Wilczek Cercospora leaf spot disease resistant varieties, molecular marker-assisted selective breeding, and shortening a breeding period.

Abstract: A paint composition for forming energy saving self-cleaning coatings includes water, a binder composition, a powder catalyst composition, a first pigment composition, a second pigment composition, and a fluoropolymer-composition. The binder composition includes a first acrylic resin having an average particle size from about 0.2 to 1 micron and a glass transition temperature less than about 10° C. The powder catalyst composition includes anatase titanium dioxide with a surface area from about 50 to 500 m2/g. It should be appreciated that anatase provides catalyst activity that is useful for providing the self-cleaning properties of the present embodiment. The first pigment composition includes rutile titanium dioxide which typically has low or no catalytic activity while the second pigment composition is different than the first pigment composition. Characteristically, the fluoropolymer-containing composition includes polyvinylidene fluoride and a second acrylic resin.

Abstract: A paint composition for forming energy saving self-cleaning coatings includes water, a binder composition, a powder catalyst composition, a first pigment composition, a second pigment composition, and a fluoropolymer-composition. The binder composition includes a first acrylic resin having an average particle size from about 0.2 to 1 micron and a glass transition temperature less than about 10° C. The powder catalyst composition includes anatase titanium dioxide with a surface area from about 50 to 500 m2/g. It should be appreciated that anatase provides catalyst activity that is useful for providing the self-cleaning properties of the present embodiment. The first pigment composition includes rutile titanium dioxide which typically has low or no catalytic activity while the second pigment composition is different than the first pigment composition. Characteristically, the fluoropolymer-containing composition includes polyvinylidene fluoride and a second acrylic resin.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a hydrophobic antifouling coating material, including: (a) mixing a sol-gel precursor, water, an aqueous colloidal silica suspension, and a catalyst to perform a sol-gel reaction to form a solution having particles therein, wherein the sol-gel reaction is performed without addition of any organic solvent; (b) chemically modifying the particles with a hydrophobic agent to form surface-modified particles; and (c) adding a surfactant to the solution containing the surface-modified particles to form a hydrophobic antifouling coating material. The hydrophobic antifouling coating material can be dispersed in an aqueous solution, and has properties such as low VOC (Volatile organic compound) value, high solid content, and high stability.

Abstract: A paint composition with reduced seed formation includes a solvent, a polymeric binder, and a plurality of zeolite particles. Characteristically, each zeolite particle defines a plurality of pores therein with an average pore size from about 1 to 100 angstroms and having cations disposed within the pores. Advantageously, the paint composition exhibits reduced seed formation by sequestering cations in the paint composition that tend to cause seed formation.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a hydrophobic antifouling coating material, including: (a) mixing a sol-gel precursor, water, an aqueous colloidal silica suspension, and a catalyst to perform a sol-gel reaction to form a solution having particles therein, wherein the sol-gel reaction is performed without addition of any organic solvent; (b) chemically modifying the particles with a hydrophobic agent to form surface-modified particles; and (c) adding a surfactant to the solution containing the surface-modified particles to form a hydrophobic antifouling coating material. The hydrophobic antifouling coating material can be dispersed in an aqueous solution, and has properties such as low VOC (Volatile organic compound) value, high solid content, and high stability.