Abstract: The present disclosure relates to inter-network mobility methods, apparatus, and communications devices. In one example method, a first access device sends a first indication to a terminal device, where the first indication is used to indicate the terminal device to reserve first information after the terminal device moves from a first network to a network other than the first network, and the first information includes one or more of a context of the terminal device in the first network, information about a signaling radio bearer (SRB) in the first network, information about a data radio bearer (DRB) in the first network, an identifier of the terminal device in the first network, information about a first cell in which the first access device provides a service for the terminal device, an identifier of the first network, or a cause value.

Abstract: The present application relates to systems and methods for initial access. In an example method, a radio access network (RAN) receives an access request message from a terminal device, the access request message includes at least one requested mission identifier (ID), the at least one requested mission ID indicating at least one requested mission, the RAN determines at least one allowed mission from the at least one requested mission, and the RAN sends a mission ID of the at least one allowed mission to the terminal device.

Abstract: The present application relates to systems and methods for processing function selection. In an example method, a mission management function obtains a list of processing function identifiers (IDs) indicative of at least one processing function connect to a service controller, the mission management function selects one or more selected processing functions from the at least one processing function for the service controller, the mission management function sends one or more selected processing function IDs of the one or more selected processing functions to the service controller.

Abstract: Methods and systems for training a distributed Artificial Intelligence (AI) model over a distributed network are disclosed, and where a function is configured to: in response to a convergence level of an entity meeting a first threshold, transmit a message for transferring the entity from an unfrozen to a frozen state; in response to training data volume meeting a second threshold, transmit a second message and a third message for stopping a training epoch by the entity and a non-top-level partition entity; in response to a difference between local batch and local distributions being above a third threshold, transmit a fourth message to the client for stopping of feeding training batch; and in response to a difference between the local batch and the overall distributions being above a fourth threshold, transmit a fifth message to the client for decreasing data feeding frequency of the training batch.

Abstract: Example access control methods and apparatus are described. One example method includes receiving an initial user equipment (UE) message by a core network device from an access network device. The core network device sends an initial context setup request message to the access network device, where the initial context setup request message includes one or more of the following information: public network integrated non-public network (PNI-NPN) identification information of a PNI-NPN accessible by a terminal device, a public land mobile network (PLMN) identity of a PLMN accessible by the terminal device, or an indication of whether the terminal device is allowed to access a network only by using a closed access group (CAG) cell.

Abstract: The disclosure provides for systems and methods for SR-based data forwarding and data processing. According to an aspect a method is provided. The method includes generating a plurality of module block information (MBI) and one or more fork indications (FIs). Each MBI corresponds to a module of a plurality of modules involved in a mission. Each FI indicates a forked module of the plurality of modules, where each forked module splits a data path into multiple forked paths. The method may further include arranging the plurality of MBIs and the one or more FIs into an ordered list based on an order of involvement of the plurality of modules in the mission. The method may further include sending to one or more service controllers, the ordered list.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to paging methods and apparatus. One example method includes sending, by a distributed unit (DU), first signaling to a centralized unit (CU), where the first signaling is used to indicate a network that can be accessed by the DU, and receiving, by the DU, second signaling from the CU, where the second signaling is used to send an auxiliary configuration parameter of the CU for the DU, and the second signaling comprises a non-public networks (NPN) identifier.

Abstract: A transparent luminescent solar concentrator (TLSC) is provided. The TLSC includes a luminophore and a waveguide that guides light emitted from the luminophore. The TLSC has a light utilization efficiency (LUE) of greater than or equal to about 1.

Abstract: The disclosure provides for systems and methods for data forwarding and data processing. According to an aspect a method is provided. The method may include receiving, from a control plane function, packet header configuration information. including a plurality of forwarding table identifiers (FTIDs) associated with a respective plurality of forwarding tables (FTs). Each FT of the plurality of FTs may define a path to be followed by the processing data when the communication network provides the network service. The plurality of FTs may define a sequence of paths to be followed by the processing data. The method may further include encapsulating into a header of a packet, configured packet header information based on the packet header configuration information. The method may further include sending, to a second PF of the PPFs, the packet in accordance with a first FT of the plurality of FTs.

Abstract: A communication network may support one or more missions. Each mission including one or more building blocks that may either be a task or a sub-mission. The sub-mission may include one or more sub-mission building blocks. In some embodiments, a single network entity is operative to define all required details of the mission in the form of a mission specification. In some embodiments, a first network entity defines a mission intent that includes or describes a goal of the mission. A second network entity is operative to receive the mission intent and to specify, based on available network resources, a mission specification operative to provide, achieve, and/or accomplish the mission intent.

Abstract: The disclosure provides for systems and methods for data plane architecture of a wireless communication system. According to an aspect a method is provided. The method may include receiving, by at least one DP GW from a caller, a request based on a first service-based interface format of the caller. The request may indicate one or more of: a procedure to be performed by a callee and a parameter of the procedure. The method may further include sending, by the at least one DP GW to the callee, a second request based on a second service-based interface format of the callee, the second request indicating one or more of: the procedure and the one or more parameters of the procedure.

Abstract: A handover method includes receiving a handover requirement message from a source access network device, and sending a handover request message to the target access network device. The handover requirement message includes an identifier of a session of a terminal device. The session is to be handed over from the source access network device to a target access network device. The handover request message includes first single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAI). A first network slice of the target access network device that corresponds to the first S-NSSAI serves the session. The first S-NSSAI is determined based on second S-NSSAI and the first network slice supported by the target access network device, and the second S-NSSAI is of a second network slice of the source access network device and that corresponds to the identifier of the session.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods, compositions, kits, and systems useful in the determination and evaluation of the immune repertoire. In one aspect, target-specific primer panels provide for the effective amplification of nucleic acid sequences of murine T cell receptor and/or B cell receptor chains with improved sequencing accuracy and resolution over the repertoire. Variable regions associated with the immune cell receptor are resolved to effectively portray clonal diversity of a biological sample and/or differences associated with the immune cell repertoire of a biological sample.

Abstract: A solar concentrator device is provided. The solar concentrator device includes a waveguide having a luminophore and a first refractive index; a photovoltaic component operably coupled to the waveguide; and a film disposed onto a surface of the waveguide, the film having a second refractive index. The second refractive index of the film is lower than the first refractive index of the waveguide. The waveguide and the film are visibly transparent.

Abstract: The disclosure provides for systems and methods for a radio access network (RAN) protocol for future X-centric service network. According to an aspect, a method for providing a network service is provided. The method includes receiving, by a first device from a second device, at least one protocol data unit (PDU) containing at least one service data unit (SDU) associated with the network service. The method further includes retrieving, by the first device, the at least one SDU from the at least one PDU. The method further includes processing, by the first device, the at least one SDU to obtain a processed version of the at least one SDU. The method further includes constructing, by the first device, at least one additional PDU comprising the processed version of the at least one SDU. The method further includes sending, by the first device to the second device, the at least one additional PDU.

Abstract: Methods and servers for executing Vertical Federating Learning (VFL) over a communication network are disclosed. Some methods include encoder and data selection, encoder customization, and VFL configuration. Encoder and data selection includes receiving a VFL request and analyzing it to determine data requirements and encoder requirements, selecting, based on the encoder requirements, a first encoder and a second encoder, and selecting, based on the data requirements, data sources for the first encoder and for the second encoder. Encoder customization includes selecting a first encoder and a second encoder, and customizing the first encoder by muting a portion of the first encoder. The VFL configuration includes receiving labelled data information and an indication of a loss function, configuring an evaluator using the labelled data information and the indication of the loss function, configuring encoder outputs to the joint classifier, and configuring a privacy router.

Abstract: A data transmission method, a communications device, and a communications system are provided for wireless communications. A terminal device receives a first system information broadcast by a radio access network device. The first system information includes a non-public network (NPN), identification information list and a first association information. The NPN identification information list includes at least one NPN identification information and determines a second system information is valid when first NPN identification information in the NPN identification information list is identical to second NPN identification information stored in the terminal device, and the first association information is identical to a second association information stored in the terminal device. The second system information can include the second NPN identification information and the second association information.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide example communication methods and example devices. One example method includes sending, by a first access network device, a system information block to a terminal device, where the system information block includes first information indicating that a cell served by the first access network device supports non-public network (NPN) onboarding, where the first information includes second information indicating a supported onboarding NPN, and the second information includes at least one of information about an identifier of the supported onboarding NPN or first indication information, where the first indication information indicates a support of onboarding. The first access network device can then receive a radio resource control (RRC) setup complete message from the terminal device, where the RRC setup complete message indicates that the terminal device requests NPN onboarding.

Abstract: This application discloses a paging method and an apparatus, to help UE in an RRC-inactive state access a plurality of networks. The method is applied to a first access network device. The first access network device belongs to a first network, a second access network device belongs to a second network, and the first network may be different from the second network. According to this application, when UE accesses the first network, when downlink data of the second network arrives, the UE may receive the data of the second network. Specifically, the first access network device receives downlink data of a terminal from a first core network device, where the first core network device belongs to the first network.

Abstract: The disclosure provides for systems and methods for systems and methods for accessing network services in a wireless communication network. According to an aspect a method performed by an access manager (AM) is provided. The method includes receiving, from a device, a request for a network service (NS). The request includes information identifying the NS and an NS context identifier (ID). The method further includes processing the request according to a network service access protocol (NSAP) context on the AM. The method further includes selecting a network service function (SNF). The method further includes sending, to the NSF, a service request notification including the information identifying the NS and the NS context ID. The method further includes receiving, from the NSF, a service response. The method further includes sending to the device, a response message including the NS context ID and the service response.