Abstract: A high-temperature-resistant and oxidation-resistant light-weight heat-insulation foam material and a preparation method thereof. The foam material is one of a SiBCN foam material, a SiHfBCN foam material, a SiBCN/C composite foam material and a SiHfBCN/C composite foam material. The foam material is prepared from a precursor solution through processes of template impregnation, curing, drying and cracking; wherein the precursor solution is a SiBCN precursor solution or a SiHfBCN precursor solution, and the template is a polyurethane foam or an organic carbon-modified polyurethane foam. The SiBCN foam material, SiHfBCN foam material, SiBCN/C composite foam material or SiHfBCN/C composite foam material obtained by the present application has the advantages of high temperature resistance, a low thermal conductivity, oxidation resistance, a low density and a high strength.