Abstract: Architecture and designs of modulating both amplitude and phase at the same time in spatial light modulation are described. According to one aspect of the present invention, light propagation is controlled in two different directions (e.g., 0 and 45 degrees) to perform both amplitude modulation and phase modulation at the same time in liquid crystals. In one embodiment, a mask is used to form a pattern, where the pattern includes an array of alignment cells or embossed microstructures, a first group of the cells are aligned in the first direction and a second group of the cells are aligned in the second direction. Depending on applications, two cells from the first group and the second group may correspond to a single pixel or two neighboring pixels, resulting in amplitude modulation and phase modulation within the pixel or within an array of pixels.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a microdisplay of an optical device, comprising: a light source; an optical element, disposed on the light exit side of the light source to adjust the light path of the light source; an LCoS substrate, a shape of which exhibits a notch in at least one dimension, the light source projected onto the LCoS substrate, the LCoS substrate reflects the light source entering the notch; and a spatial light modulator, after an outgoing light reflected by the LCoS substrate, the outgoing light enters the spatial light modulator; the spatial light modulator adjusts an azimuth angle of a liquid crystal layer to eliminate noise of the outgoing light; wherein, the outgoing light adjusted by the spatial light modulator is projected onto a eyepieces to display images without the fringe field effects.

Abstract: Architecture and designs of modulating both amplitude and phase at the same time in spatial light modulation are described. According to one aspect of the present invention, light propagation is controlled in two different directions (e.g., 0 and 45 degrees) to perform both amplitude modulation and phase modulation at the same time in liquid crystals. In one embodiment, a mask is used to form a pattern, where the pattern includes an array of alignment cells or embossed microstructures, a first group of the cells are aligned in the first direction and a second group of the cells are aligned in the second direction. Depending on applications, two cells from the first group and the second group may correspond to a single pixel or two neighboring pixels, resulting in amplitude modulation and phase modulation within the pixel or within an array of pixels.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator for suppressing a fringe field effect includes: a transparent electrode layer; a reflective electrode layer including a pixel electrode, in which a pixel area is surrounded by a boundary of the pixel electrode; a liquid crystal layer located between the transparent electrode layer and the reflective electrode layer to establish a pixel formed by the liquid crystal layer covering the pixel area in the pixel electrode; and an alignment film having a first pattern and a second pattern and covering the pixel area. The first pattern and the second pattern in the pixel area make liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer of the pixel generate arrangements of a first azimuth angle and a second azimuth angle, respectively, and the first azimuth angle is different from the second azimuth angle.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a microdisplay of an optical device, comprising: a light source; an optical element, disposed on the light exit side of the light source to adjust the light path of the light source; an LCoS substrate, a shape of which exhibits a notch in at least one dimension, the light source projected onto the LCoS substrate, the LCoS substrate reflects the light source entering the notch; and a spatial light modulator, after an outgoing light reflected by the LCoS substrate, the outgoing light enters the spatial light modulator; the spatial light modulator adjusts an azimuth angle of a liquid crystal layer to eliminate noise of the outgoing light; wherein, the outgoing light adjusted by the spatial light modulator is projected onto a eyepieces to display images without the fringe field effects.

Abstract: Techniques for holographic display by modulating optical images in amplitude and phase via a layer of liquid crystals are described. According to one aspect of the techniques, a voltage being applied or coupled across the layer of liquid crystals is controlled by gradually increasing the voltage from a low level to a high level to perform the AM in a first range and the PM in second range, where the characteristics of the liquid crystals is significant, for example, by increasing the thickness or optical birefringence of the layer of liquid crystals.

Abstract: Architecture and designs of modulating both amplitude and phase at the same time in spatial light modulation are described. According to one aspect of the present invention, nano-imprinting lithograph (NIL) and E-beam are used to create micro structures (transparent) as alignment cells. A first group of the alignment cells are oriented in a first direction and a second group of the alignment cells are oriented in a second direction, light going through the first group of the alignment cells is modulated in amplitude thereof and the light going through the second group of the alignment cells is modulated in phase thereof, all via the liquid crystals and at the same time.

Abstract: Techniques for holographic display by modulating optical images in amplitude and phase via a layer of liquid crystals are described. According to one aspect of the techniques, a voltage being applied or coupled across the layer of liquid crystals is controlled by gradually increasing the voltage from a low level to a high level to perform the AM in a first range and the PM in second range, where the characteristics of the liquid crystals is significant, for example, by increasing the thickness or optical birefringence of the layer of liquid crystals.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator for suppressing a fringe field effect includes: a transparent electrode layer; a reflective electrode layer including a pixel electrode, in which a pixel area is surrounded by a boundary of the pixel electrode; a liquid crystal layer located between the transparent electrode layer and the reflective electrode layer to establish a pixel formed by the liquid crystal layer covering the pixel area in the pixel electrode; and an alignment film having a first pattern and a second pattern and covering the pixel area. The first pattern and the second pattern in the pixel area make liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer of the pixel generate arrangements of a first azimuth angle and a second azimuth angle, respectively, and the first azimuth angle is different from the second azimuth angle.

Abstract: Techniques for modulating both amplitude and phase via a layer of liquid crystals are described. According to one aspect of the techniques, a voltage being applied or coupled across the layer of liquid crystals is controlled by gradually increasing the voltage from a low level to a high level to perform the AM in a first range and the PM in second range, where the characteristics of the liquid crystals is significant, for example, by increasing the thickness or optical birefringence of the layer of liquid crystals.

Abstract: Techniques for displaying an input image in improved perceived resolution are described. In one aspect, a circuit is designed to include a set of memory cells, a horizontal decoder and a vertical decoder. An input image is received at an interface to the memory, the input is expanded into two separate frames in the memory, where the size of each of the two frames is identical to that of the input image. Image data in at least one of the two frames are modulated in amplitude and/or in phase. The first and second frames are then read out or displayed alternatively at twice the refresh rate originally set for the input image to achieve the perceived resolution.

Abstract: Architecture and designs of modulating both amplitude and phase at the same time in spatial light modulation are described. According to one aspect of the present invention, light propagation is controlled in two different directions (e.g., 0 and 45 degrees) to perform both amplitude modulation and phase modulation at the same time in liquid crystals. In one embodiment, a mask is used to form a pattern, where the pattern includes an array of alignment cells or embossed microstructures, a first group of the cells are aligned in the first direction and a second group of the cells are aligned in the second direction. Depending on applications, two cells from the first group and the second group may correspond to a single pixel or two neighboring pixels, resulting in amplitude modulation and phase modulation within the pixel or within an array of pixels.

Abstract: Architecture and designs of modulating both amplitude and phase at the same time in spatial light modulation are described. According to one aspect of the present invention, light propagation is controlled in two different directions (e.g., 0 and 45 degrees) to perform both amplitude modulation and phase modulation at the same time in liquid crystals. In one embodiment, a mask is used to form a pattern, where the pattern includes an array of alignment cells or embossed microstructures, a first group of the cells are aligned in the first direction and a second group of the cells are aligned in the second direction. Depending on applications, two cells from the first group and the second group may correspond to a single pixel or two neighboring pixels, resulting in amplitude modulation and phase modulation within the pixel or within an array of pixels.

Abstract: Techniques for modulating both amplitude and phase via a layer of liquid crystals are described. According to one aspect of the techniques, a voltage being applied or coupled across the layer of liquid crystals is controlled by gradually increasing the voltage from a low level to a high level to perform the AM in a first range and the PM in second range, where the characteristics of the liquid crystals is significant, for example, by increasing the thickness or optical birefringence of the layer of liquid crystals.

Abstract: Architecture and designs of modulating both amplitude and phase at the same time in spatial light modulation are described. According to one aspect of the present invention, nano-imprinting lithograph (NIL) and E-beam are used to create micro structures (transparent) as alignment cells. A first group of the alignment cells are oriented in a first direction and a second group of the alignment cells are oriented in a second direction, light going through the first group of the alignment cells is modulated in amplitude thereof and the light going through the second group of the alignment cells is modulated in phase thereof, all via the liquid crystals and at the same time.

Abstract: Techniques for displaying an input image in improved perceived resolution are described. In one aspect, a circuit is designed to include a set of memory cells, a horizontal decoder and a vertical decoder. An input image is received at an interface to the memory, the input is expanded into two separate frames in the memory, where the size of each of the two frames is identical to that of the input image. Image data in at least one of the two frames are modulated in amplitude and/or in phase. The first and second frames are then read out or displayed alternatively at twice the refresh rate originally set for the input image to achieve the perceived resolution.

Abstract: Architecture and designs of modulating both amplitude and phase at the same time in spatial light modulation are described. According to one aspect of the present invention, light propagation is controlled in two different directions (e.g., 0 and 45 degrees) to perform both amplitude modulation and phase modulation at the same time in liquid crystals. In one embodiment, a mask is used to form a pattern, where the pattern includes an array of alignment cells or embossed microstructures, a first group of the cells are aligned in the first direction and a second group of the cells are aligned in the second direction. Depending on applications, two cells from the first group and the second group may correspond to a single pixel or two neighboring pixels, resulting in amplitude modulation and phase modulation within the pixel or within an array of pixels.

Abstract: Architecture and designs of modulating both amplitude and phase at the same time in spatial light modulation are described. According to one aspect of the present invention, light propagation is controlled in two different directions (e.g., 0 and 45 degrees) to perform both amplitude modulation and phase modulation at the same time in liquid crystals. In one embodiment, a mask is used to form a pattern, where the pattern includes an array of alignment cells or embossed microstructures, a first group of the cells are aligned in the first direction and a second group of the cells are aligned in the second direction. Depending on applications, two cells from the first group and the second group may correspond to a single pixel or two neighboring pixels, resulting in amplitude modulation and phase modulation within the pixel or within an array of pixels.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator (SLM) configured to reduce a fringe field effect (FFE) is provided. The SLM comprises pixels each having a liquid crystal (LC) on a pixel region. At least one pixel is an optimized pixel. The LC of the optimized pixel has an inhomogeneous distribution of pretilt angle or anchoring energy over the pixel region. The inhomogeneous distribution is selected to oppose the FFE. In one embodiment, the optimized pixel is partitioned into an outer region and an interior region. The outer region is an area between the optimized-pixel boundary and a pre-determined distance inwardly therefrom. The inhomogeneous distribution has one value of the pretilt angle or anchoring energy over the outer region and another value over the interior region. In another embodiment, a polymer stabilized network with an inhomogeneous polymerization degree over the pixel region is used to configure the LC layer to oppose the FFE.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator (SLM) configured to reduce a fringe field effect (FFE) is provided. The SLM comprises pixels each having a liquid crystal (LC) on a pixel region. At least one pixel is an optimized pixel. The LC of the optimized pixel has an inhomogeneous distribution of pretilt angle or anchoring energy over the pixel region. The inhomogeneous distribution is selected to oppose the FFE. In one embodiment, the optimized pixel is partitioned into an outer region and an interior region. The outer region is an area between the optimized-pixel boundary and a pre-determined distance inwardly therefrom. The inhomogeneous distribution has one value of the pretilt angle or anchoring energy over the outer region and another value over the interior region. In another embodiment, a polymer stabilized network with an inhomogeneous polymerization degree over the pixel region is used to configure the LC layer to oppose the FFE.