Abstract: A package structure including a carrier, a photonic device, a supporting frame, and an encapsulant is provided. The photonic device is disposed on the carrier. The supporting frame is disposed on the carrier and surrounds the photonic device. The encapsulant covers the supporting frame and surrounds the photonic device.

Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor device includes forming a first conductive feature on a bottom surface of an opening through a dielectric layer. The forming the first conductive feature leaves seeds on sidewalls of the opening. A treatment process is performed on the seeds to form treated seeds. The treated seeds are removed with a cleaning process. The cleaning process may include a rinse with deionized water. A second conductive feature is formed to fill the opening.

Abstract: A switching device and a related method of switching working modes are applied to a display. The switching device includes a universal serial bus (USB) connector, a multiplexer, a USB hub and a controller. The USB connector is connected to a USB device or a voice control device. The multiplexer is electrically connected to the USB connector. The USB hub is electrically connected to the multiplexer and used to output a USB detection signal. The controller is electrically connected to the multiplexer and the USB hub, and used to output a reminder command. The controller determines whether the multiplexer actuates a USB channel for the USB connector or actuates a voice control channel for the voice control device in accordance with a response from at least one of the USB detection signal and the reminder command.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a polymer, including a first repeating unit represented by formula (I), a second repeating unit represented by formula (II), and a third repeating unit represented by formula (III). The first repeating unit, the second repeating unit, and the third repeating unit are arranged in an alternating fashion, in a random fashion, or in discrete blocks. The molar ratio of the first repeating unit, the second repeating unit and the third repeating unit is m:n:o, and m:(n+o) is from 60:40 to 85:15. The definitions of a, R1, R2, A?, and R+ are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A display device includes a display, an image beam shifter, and a light guiding component. The display generates an image beam. The image beam shifter receives the image beam and generates a projected image beam. The light guiding component receives the projected image beam to transport the projected image beam to different positions of a target zone in sequence. The image beam shifter projects the projected image beam to different positions of the light guiding component with time division.

Abstract: A head mounted display device includes a display, a light waveguide element, and a light shutter. The display periodically provides a display image. The light waveguide element receives the display image, generates a projection image according to the display image, projects the projection image from a second surface, and projects the projection image to a target zone from a first surface. The light shutter is adjacent to the second surface of the light waveguide element and is coupled to the light waveguide element. The light shutter is periodically disabled and enabled in an alternating manner.

Abstract: A head mounted display apparatus includes a display, a focus adjuster and a controller. The display generates a display image. The focus adjuster is disposed between a target zone and the display, and is configured to adjust a position of a focus plan of the display image according to a control signal. The controller generates the control signal according to vision depth information.

Abstract: A head mounted display apparatus includes a display, a focus adjuster and a controller. The display generates a display image. The focus adjuster is disposed between a target zone and the display, and is configured to adjust a position of a focus plan of the display image according to a control signal. The controller generates the control signal according to vision depth information.

Abstract: A head mounted display device includes a display, a light waveguide element, and a light shutter. The display periodically provides a display image. The light waveguide element receives the display image, generates a projection image according to the display image, projects the projection image from a second surface, and projects the projection image to a target zone from a first surface. The light shutter is adjacent to the second surface of the light waveguide element and is coupled to the light waveguide element. The light shutter is periodically disabled and enabled in an alternating manner.

Abstract: A head mounted display device includes a display, a light waveguide element, and a light shutter. The display periodically provides a display image. The light waveguide element receives the display image, generates a projection image according to the display image, projects the projection image from a second surface, and projects the projection image to a target zone from a first surface. The light shutter is adjacent to the second surface of the light waveguide element and is coupled to the light waveguide element. The light shutter is periodically disabled and enabled in an alternating manner.

Abstract: A head mounted display device includes a display, a light waveguide element, and a light shutter. The display periodically provides a display image. The light waveguide element receives the display image, generates a projection image according to the display image, projects the projection image from a second surface, and projects the projection image to a target zone from a first surface. The light shutter is adjacent to the second surface of the light waveguide element and is coupled to the light waveguide element. The light shutter is periodically disabled and enabled in an alternating manner.

Abstract: A display device includes a display, an image beam shifter, and a light guiding component. The display generates an image beam. The image beam shifter receives the image beam and generates a projected image beam. The light guiding component receives the projected image beam to transport the projected image beam to different positions of a target zone in sequence. The image beam shifter projects the projected image beam to different positions of the light guiding component with time division.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a polymer, including a first repeating unit represented by formula (I), a second repeating unit represented by formula (II), and a third repeating unit represented by formula (III). The first repeating unit, the second repeating unit, and the third repeating unit are arranged in an alternating fashion, in a random fashion, or in discrete blocks. The molar ratio of the first repeating unit, the second repeating unit and the third repeating unit is m:n:o, and m:(n+o) is from 60:40 to 85:15. The definitions of a, R1, R2, A?, and R+ are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A polymer and a method for preparing the same are provided. The polymer includes a first repeat unit and a second repeat unit. In particular, the first repeat unit is and, the second repeat unit is wherein R+ is A? is F?, Cl?, Br?, I?, OH?, HCO3?, HSO4?, SbF6?, BF4?, H2PO4?, H2PO3?, or H2PO2?; X is i and j are independently 0, or an integer from 1 to 4; Y is —O—, —S—, —CH2—, or —NH—; R1 is independently C1-8 alkyl group; and, R2 and R3 are hydrogen, or independently C1-8 alkyl group.

Abstract: A polymer, ion exchange membrane, and structural enhanced membrane employing the same are provided. The polymer includes a first repeating unit and a second repeating unit. In particular, the first repeating unit is and, the second repeating unit is wherein R+ can be A? can be F?, Cl?, Br?, I?, OH?, HCO3?, HSO4?, SbF6?, BF4?, H2PO4?, H2PO3?, or H2PO2?; Y1 and Y2 can be independently —O—, —S—, —CH2—, or —NH—; Ra and Rb can be independently hydrogen or C1-8 alkyl group; i, j, and k can be independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 6; R1 can be C1-10 alkyl group or C5-6 cycloalkyl group; and, R2 and R3 can be independently hydrogen, C1-8 alkyl group, vinyl group, C6-12 aryl group, or allyl group.

Abstract: A crosslinked copolymer is provided, which includes a copolymer crosslinked by a crosslinking agent. The copolymer is copolymerized of (a) styrene-based monomer, (b) monomer having conjugated double bonds or acrylate ester monomer, and (c) ammonium-containing heterocyclic monomer. The crosslinking agent is (d) or the product of the reaction between and (e) or a combination thereof. Z is wherein each R1 is independently H or C1-4 alkyl group, each R2 is independently H or C1-4 alkyl group, R3 is single bond, —O—, —S—, —CH2—, or —NH—. n is a positive integer. x is 1 to 12, y is 1 to 5, and z is 1 to 5.

Abstract: An ion exchange membrane is provided. The ion exchange membrane includes a reaction product of a polymer and a cross-linking reagent. The polymer includes a first repeat unit, and a second repeat unit. In particular, the first repeat unit is and, the second repeat unit is wherein R+ is A? is F?, Cl?, Br?, I?, OH?, HCO3?, HSO4?, SbF6?, BF4?, H2PO4?, H2PO3?, or H2PO2?; X is CH2iYCH2j, i and j are independently 0, or an integer from 1 to 4; Y is —O—, —S—, —CH2—, or —NH—; R1 is independently C1-8 alkyl group; and, R2 and R3 are hydrogen, or independently C1-8 alkyl group; and, the cross-linking reagent is a compound having at least two imide groups.

Abstract: A polymer and a method for preparing the same are provided. The polymer includes a first repeat unit and a second repeat unit. In particular, the first repeat unit is and, the second repeat unit is wherein R+ is A? is F?, Cl?, Br?, I?, OH?, HCO3?, HSO4?, SbF6?, H2PO4?, H2PO3?, or H2PO2?; X is i and j are independently 0, or an integer from 1 to 4; Y is —O—, —S—, —CH2—, or —NH—; R1 is independently C1-8 alkyl group; and, R2 and R3 are hydrogen, or independently C1-8 alkyl group.

Abstract: An ion exchange membrane is provided. The ion exchange membrane includes a reaction product of a polymer and a cross-linking reagent. The polymer includes a first repeat unit, and a second repeat unit. In particular, the first repeat unit is and, the second repeat unit is wherein R+ is A? is F?, Cl?, Br?, I?, OH?, HCO3?, HSO4?, SbF6?, BF4?, H2PO4?, H2PO3?, or H2PO2?; X is ?CH2?iY?CH2?j, i and j are independently 0, or an integer from 1 to 4; Y is —O—, —S—, —CH2—, or —NH—; R1 is independently C1-8 alkyl group; and, R2 and R3 are hydrogen, or independently C1-8 alkyl group; and, the cross-linking reagent is a compound having at least two imide groups.