Abstract: Disclosed herein are adhesive compositions comprising (a) a first component; (b) a second component that chemically reacts with said first component; and (c) graphenic carbon particles having a compressed density of 0.9 or less. Disclosed herein are associated methods for forming the adhesive compositions and applying the adhesive compositions to a substrate to form a bonded substrate.

Abstract: Ultrafine metal carbide or metal boride particles are consolidated by a method including sintering at intermediate pressures. A green body comprising the ultrafine metal carbide or metal boride particles may be preheated under vacuum and then pressurized to the intermediate sintering pressure. After sintering, the article may be densified at an intermediate temperature below the sintering temperature, and at an elevated pressure above the intermediate sintering temperature. The resultant consolidated metal carbide or metal boride article may then be cooled and used for such applications as armor panels, abrasion resistant nozzles, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides a scooter with two chair backs. The scooter includes a main body containing a wheel seat, a pedal and front/rear wheel set; two chair back supports, assembled separately onto both sides on the back of wheel seat of the main body; and two chair backs, incorporated onto at least one chair back support via the connecting frame and transversely arranged at interval. The scooter of the present invention substantially improves the structural functionality and comfort of the chair back of the scooter, and also meets the diversified customer requirements with improved applicability.

Abstract: Disclosed are dispersions of encapsulated particles and methods for their production and use. These dispersions include encapsulated particles and a liquid medium in which the encapsulated particles are dispersed. The encapsulated particles include a carrier particle and an encapsulant deposited on the carrier particle. The liquid medium and the encapsulant are selected so as to be capable of reacting with each other to form a reaction product having a boiling point of no more than 300° C. at atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: Ultrafine boron carbide particles with selected sintering aids are disclosed. The sintering aids may be provided inside the ultrafine boron carbide particles or on the surfaces thereof. When the ultrafine boron carbide particles and sintering aids are sintered, the resultant materials possess relatively high densities and relatively small boron carbide grain sizes.

Abstract: A system and method for making ultrafine particles are disclosed. A high temperature plasma is generated at an inlet end of a plasma chamber into which precursor materials are introduced. A converging member is located adjacent an outlet end of the plasma chamber. During operation, a substantially constant pressure and/or material flow pattern is maintained to reduce or eliminate fouling of the system.

Abstract: Coating compositions are disclosed that include corrosion resisting particles such that the coating composition can exhibit corrosion resistance properties. Also disclosed are substrates at least partially coated with a coating deposited from such a composition and multi-component composite coatings, wherein at least one coating later is deposited from such a coating composition. Methods and apparatus for making ultrafine solid particles are also disclosed.

Abstract: The production of ultrafine metal carbide powders from polymeric powder and metallic precursor powder starting materials is disclosed. In certain embodiments, the polymeric powder may comprise polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyester, polybutylene, nylon, polymethylpentene and the like. The metal precursor powder may comprise pure metals, metal alloys, intermetallics and/or metal-containing compounds such as metal oxides and nitrides. In one embodiment, the metal precursor powder comprises a silicon-containing material, and the ultrafine powders comprise SiC. The polymeric and metal precursor powders are fed together or separately to a plasma system where the feed materials react to form metal carbides in the form of ultrafine particles.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for making ultrafine particles, apparatus for making ultrafine particles, and coating compositions comprising ultrafine particles made by such methods and/or apparatus.

Abstract: Coatings including pigments comprising substrate particles with ultrafine metal oxide particles deposited on the surfaces thereof and made by a plasma process are disclosed. The substrate particles may comprise an oxide such as SiO2, Al2O3, Bi2O3 and the like. The ultrafine metal oxide particles may be partially oxidized such as Cu2O, Ti3O4 and the like. The pigments may be used in coating compositions in which the substrate particles substantially match the refractive index of the coating composition base, and the ultrafine metal oxide particles provide the desired reflectance characteristics for the coating.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for making ultrafine silica particles in a plasma system, apparatus for making ultrafine silica particles, and coating compositions comprising ultrafine silica particles made by such methods and/or apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention provides a scooter with two chair backs. The scooter includes a main body containing a wheel seat, a pedal and front/rear wheel set; two chair back supports, assembled separately onto both sides on the back of wheel seat of the main body; and two chair backs, incorporated onto at least one chair back support via the connecting frame and transversely arranged at interval. The scooter of the present invention substantially improves the structural functionality and comfort of the chair back of the scooter, and also meets the diversified customer requirements with improved applicability.

Abstract: A method for producing ultrafine metal carbide particles and hydrogen is disclosed. The method includes introducing a metal-containing precursor and a carbon-containing precursor into a thermal reaction chamber, heating the precursors in the thermal reaction chamber to form the ultrafine metal carbide particles from the precursors and to form carbon monoxide and hydrogen, collecting the ultrafine doped metal carbide particles, converting at least a portion of the carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide and generating additional hydrogen, and recovering at least a portion of the hydrogen.

Abstract: The production of ultrafine boron carbide powders from liquid boron-containing precursors and/or liquid carbon-containing precursors is disclosed. The liquid precursors are fed together or separately to a plasma system where the precursor materials react to form boron carbide in the form of ultrafine particles.

Abstract: The production of ultrafine boron carbide powders from liquid boron-containing precursors and/or liquid carbon-containing precursors is disclosed. The liquid precursors are fed together or separately to a plasma system where the precursor materials react to form boron carbide in the form of ultrafine particles.

Abstract: This invention discloses a static random access memory (SRAM) cell array structure which comprises a first and second bit-line coupled to a column of SRAM cells, the first and second bit-lines being substantially parallel to each other and formed by a first metal layer, and a first conductive line being placed between the first and second bit-lines and spanning across the column of SRAM cells without making conductive coupling thereto, the first conductive line being also formed by the first metal layer.

Abstract: Coatings including pigments comprising substrate particles with ultrafine metal oxide particles deposited on the surfaces thereof and made by a plasma process are disclosed. The substrate particles may comprise an oxide such as SiO2, Al2O3, Bi2O3 and the like. The ultrafine metal oxide particles may be partially oxidized such as Cu2O, Ti3O4 and the like. The pigments may be used in coating compositions in which the substrate particles substantially match the refractive index of the coating composition base, and the ultrafine metal oxide particles provide the desired reflectance characteristics for the coating.

Abstract: The production of ultrafine metal carbide powders from solid metal carbide and nitrogen-containing material is disclosed. The starting materials are fed together or separately to a plasma system where the solid metal carbide is melted and/or vaporized in the presence of nitrogen to form ultrafine metal carbide particles of high purity.

Abstract: The production of ultrafine metal carbide powders from solid metal carbide and nitrogen-containing material is disclosed. The starting materials are fed together or separately to a plasma system where the solid metal carbide is melted and/or vaporized in the presence of nitrogen to form ultrafine metal carbide particles of high purity.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for making ultrafine particles. These methods include (a) introducing a plurality of precursors to a high temperature chamber, the precursors including a first precursor and a second precursor different from the first precursor and comprising an alkali metal dopant; (b) heating the plurality of precursors in the high temperature chamber, yielding a gaseous product stream; (c) quenching the gaseous product stream, thereby producing ultrafine particles; and (d) collecting the ultrafine particles. Also disclosed are apparatus for the production of ultrafine particles, ultrafine particles produced from a plurality of precursors and coating compositions and coated substrates that include ultrafine particles.