Abstract: A method of controlling size of a receive window includes, at a transmitting device, transmitting packets over a communication channel from the transmitting device to a receiver, receiving acknowledgment packets from the receiver corresponding to the transmitted packets, determining a backlog parameter for the receiver in accordance with a parameter value in the received acknowledgment packets, resetting the size of the receive window in accordance with a function of a current size of the receive window and the backlog parameter, and after the resetting, transmitting packets over the communication channel from the transmitting devices to the receiver in accordance with the reset size of the receive window.

Abstract: The invention provides a vaccine injection, which includes a vaccine and a Traditional Chinese medicinal adjuvant in a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1:10, or a vaccine, a Traditional Chinese medicinal adjuvant and an aluminum adjuvant in a mass ratio of 1:0.5:2.5-1:10:20. The vaccine injection is in the form of powders, and the size of the powders is between 10 and 120 micrometers. The vaccine injection of the present invention is particularly suitable for the needle free injection technology. The invention also provides a preparation method for the vaccine injection.

Abstract: A method of controlling size of a congestion window, includes, at a transmitting device, transmitting a plurality of data packets over a communication channel from the transmitting device to a receiver, determining a queuing delay and a loss rate of the transmission, comparing the queuing delay to a threshold queuing delay, comparing the loss rate to a threshold loss rate, and in response to a determination that the queuing delay is greater than the threshold queuing delay and the loss rate is greater than the threshold loss rate, resetting the size of the congestion window in accordance with a function of the current size of the congestion window, the queuing delay, and the loss rate, wherein at equilibrium the function generates a value inversely proportional to a weighted sum of an excess queuing delay and an excess loss rate.

Abstract: A sterility test method includes: selecting strain and culture medium, preparing bacterial cultures, transcribing fingerprint characteristics in thermograms as indices to verify the characteristics, drawing the thermodynamic parameters of the thermogram, determining the positive judgment index and performing sterility test for the samples. A fully-enclosed bacteria collecting ampoule incubator includes bacteria collecting ampoule system, sample and liquid feeding system and peristalsis liquid discharge system. The sample and liquid feeding system is connected with the bacteria collecting ampoule system by the liquid intake tube; and the bacteria collecting ampoule system is connected with the peristalsis liquid discharge system by the liquid drainage tube. The invention is characterized by short inspection time, high sensitivity, high automation and accurate test results on microbial contamination. It can also provide the overall process curve on the growth conditions.

Abstract: A composite membrane containing a composite material including an azole-based polymer and a compound represented by Formula 3 below, a method of preparing the composite membrane, and a fuel cell including the composite membrane: M11-aM2aPxOy??<Formula 3> wherein, in Formula 3, M1 is a tetravalent metallic element; M2 is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of a monovalent metallic element, a divalent metallic element, and a trivalent metallic element; a satisfies 0?a<1; x is a number from 1.5 to 3.5; and y is a number from 5 to 13.

Abstract: A method of routing communications over a network includes routing the communications to an intermediate destination, for example, a “universal proxy,” using a first transport control protocol (TCP), and then routing the communications from the intermediate destination to a recipient using a second TCP. The intermediate destination optionally masks the source when transmitting information to the recipient, and performs packet loss recovery. Optionally, the second TCP includes TCP acceleration not utilized by the first TCP.

Abstract: A method of controlling size of a congestion window, includes, at a transmitting device, transmitting a plurality of data packets over a communication channel from the transmitting device to a receiver, determining a queuing delay and a loss rate of the transmission, comparing the queuing delay to a threshold queuing delay, comparing the loss rate to a threshold loss rate, and in response to a determination that the queuing delay is greater than the threshold queuing delay and the loss rate is greater than the threshold loss rate, resetting the size of the congestion window in accordance with a function of the current size of the congestion window, the queuing delay, and the loss rate, wherein at equilibrium the function generates a value inversely proportional to a weighted sum of an excess queuing delay and an excess loss rate.

Abstract: A method of controlling size of a receive window includes, at a transmitting device, transmitting packets over a communication channel from the transmitting device to a receiver, receiving acknowledgment packets from the receiver corresponding to the transmitted packets, determining a backlog parameter for the receiver in accordance with a parameter value in the received acknowledgment packets, resetting the size of the receive window in accordance with a function of a current size of the receive window and the backlog parameter, and after the resetting, transmitting packets over the communication channel from the transmitting devices to the receiver in accordance with the reset size of the receive window.

Abstract: The present invention is a delay based model and in fact uses queuing delay as a congestion measure, providing advantages over prior art loss based systems. One advantage is that queuing delay can be more accurately estimated than loss probability. This is because packet losses in networks with large bandwidth-delay product are rare events under TCP Reno and its variants (probability on the order 10?7 or smaller), and because loss samples provide coarser information than queuing delay samples. Indeed, measurements of delay are noisy, just as those of loss probability. Thus, another advantage of the present invention is that each measurement of queuing delay provides multi-bit information while each measurement of packet loss (whether a packet is lost) provides only one bit of information for the filtering of noise. This makes it easier for an equation-based implementation to stabilize a network into a steady state with a target fairness and high utilization.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for decoupling loss recovery from congestion and window control. The system provides improved performance in high loss environments such as wireless links. The system avoids unnecessary window adjustment in response to packet losses. Transmission rates can be maintained without compromising loss recovery. The invention uses just-in-time Packet Expiration, Transmission Order Queue, a Forward Retransmission Algorithm and Window Control to provide improved performance. The invention maintains a queue of packets in flight called the Transmission Order Queue (TOQ). When an acknowledgement is received for a packet in the in-flight queue, that packet is removed from the queue. If a packet is still in the queue for a certain threshold time, the invention assumes that it is lost. At that point, the packet is removed from the in-flight queue and the packet is retransmitted.

Abstract: Present invention provides an efficient way of enhancing male erectile function, without the fear of unknown long-term ill-effect as a result of taking medication orally. The additive of present invention can be used by condom manufacturers directly as part of the lubricant coating. The composition of the additive pursuant to present invention will cause the dilating and expansion of arteries sending blood to the chambers of corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum, and at the same time, cause the restricting and contracting of veins that take blood away. As a result, the hardness of penile erection is increases. Particularly, the staying power is enhanced and time of erection is prolonged, leading to increased sexual intercourse time and better sexual satisfaction.

Abstract: The invention provides a congestion control scheme that is a delay based scheme that includes a scalable queue size and one-way queueing delay measurement to reduce network congestion. Queue size is managed by queue control, a scalable utility function, dynamic alpha tuning, and/or randomized alpha tuning. One-way queueing delay is accomplished by measuring backward queueing delay management using various methods of estimating the receiver clock period. Embodiments include estimating the receiver clock period using single sample and multiple sample periods. The system includes a method for detecting route change.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a method of routing communications over a network through an intermediate destination, and it also provides a “universal proxy” that may be used for this purpose. A host wishing to deliver information to a client sends packets as part of a first exchange or “session” to the intermediate destination, which performs error detection and recovery for received packets. The intermediate destination then (if desired) masks the source and transmits the information to the client in a second session, with the intermediate destination controlling transmission (e.g., specifying transmission protocol) and performing loss recovery as appropriate. This methodology enables a number of applications, including masquerading of source identity through the intermediate destination, and TCP acceleration (e.g., by subscribing to a service where the intermediate destination is used to accelerate communications or offer special types of processing or services).

Abstract: Present invention provides an efficient way of enhancing male erectile function, without the fear of unknown long-term ill-effect as a result of taking medication orally. The additive of present invention can be used by condom manufacturers directly as part of the lubricant coating. The composition of the additive pursuant to present invention will cause the dilating and expansion of arteries sending blood to the chambers of corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum, and at the same time, cause the restricting and contracting of veins that take blood away. As a result, the hardness of penile erection is increases. Particularly, the staying power is enhanced and time of erection is prolonged, leading to increased sexual intercourse time and better sexual satisfaction.

Abstract: A weight-adjustable golf club head includes a rear lightweight covering and a golf club head body combined therewith. The rear lightweight covering has a rear crown portion and a rear wall portion extended therefrom. The golf club head body is combined with the rear lightweight covering which is designed to have a striking face, a front crown portion and a sole portion. The rear lightweight covering is made from a low specific gravity metal, and is designed to have a thickness less than 0.6 mm. The rear lightweight covering has an inner surface formed with a plurality of reinforcing ribs.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for decoupling loss recovery from congestion and window control. The system provides improved performance in high loss environments such as wireless links. The system avoids unnecessary window adjustment in response to packet losses. Transmission rates can be maintained with out compromising loss recovery. The invention uses just-in-time Packet Expiration, Transmission Order Queue, a Forward Retransmission Algorithm and Window Control to provide improved performance. The invention maintains a queue of packets in flight called the Transmission Order Queue (TOQ). When an acknowledgement is received for a packet in the in-flight queue, that packet is removed from the queue. If a packet is still in the queue for a certain threshold time, the invention assumes that it is lost. At that point, the packet is removed from the in-flight queue and the packet is retransmitted.

Abstract: A laser annealing process capable of suppressing a variation in sheet resistance. A surface layer formed shallower than 100 nm in a substrate of semiconductor material is added with impurities. The substrate is irradiated with a laser beam or its harmonic beam emitted from a laser diode pumped to solid-state laser to activate the impurities.

Abstract: The invention provides a congestion control scheme that is a delay based scheme that includes a scalable queue size and one-way queueing delay measurement to reduce network congestion. Queue size is managed by queue control, a scalable utility function, dynamic alpha tuning, and/or randomized alpha tuning. One-way queueing delay is accomplished by measuring backward queueing delay management using various methods of estimating the receiver clock period. Embodiments include estimating the receiver clock period using single sample and multiple sample periods. The system includes a method for detecting route change.

Abstract: The present invention is a delay based model and in fact uses queueing delay as a congestion measure, providing advantages over prior art loss based systems. One advantage is that queueing delay can be more accurately estimated than loss probability. This is because packet losses in networks with large bandwidth-delay product are rare events under TCP Reno and its variants (probability on the order 10?7 or smaller), and because loss samples provide coarser information than queueing delay samples. Indeed, measurements of delay are noisy, just as those of loss probability. Thus, another advantage of the present invention is that each measurement of queueing delay provides multi-bit information while each measurement of packet loss (whether a packet is lost) provides only one bit of information for the filtering of noise. This makes it easier for an equation-based implementation to stabilize a network into a steady state with a target fairness and high utilization.