Abstract: Provided are a system and a method for cardiovascular risk prediction, where artificial intelligence is utilized to perform segmentation on non-contrast or contrast medical images to identify precise regions of the heart, pericardium, and aorta of a subject, such that the adipose tissue volume and calcium score can be derived from the medical images to assist in cardiovascular risk prediction. Also provided is a computer readable medium for storing a computer executable code to implement the method.

Abstract: A defect inspection method and a defect inspection system are provided. In the method, a plurality of candidate defect images are retrieved from inspection images obtained by at least one optical inspection tool performing hot scans on at least one wafer and a plurality of attributes are extracted from the inspection images. A random forest classifier including a plurality of decision trees for classifying the candidate defect images is created, wherein the decision trees are built with different subset of the attributes and the candidate defect images. A plurality of candidate defect images are retrieved from the optical inspection tool in runtime and applied to the decision trees, and classified into nuisance images and real defect images according to votes of the decision trees in which the nuisance images are filtered out. The real defect images with the votes over a confidence value are sampled for microscopic review.

Abstract: A defect inspection method and a defect inspection system are provided. In the method, a plurality of candidate defect images are retrieved from inspection images obtained by at least one optical inspection tool performing hot scans on at least one wafer and a plurality of attributes are extracted from the inspection images. A random forest classifier including a plurality of decision trees for classifying the candidate defect images is created, wherein the decision trees are built with different subset of the attributes and the candidate defect images. A plurality of candidate defect images are retrieved from the optical inspection tool in runtime and applied to the decision trees, and classified into nuisance images and real defect images according to votes of the decision trees in which the nuisance images are filtered out. The real defect images with the votes over a confidence value are sampled for microscopic review.

Abstract: A mirror image suppression method adapted to an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system is provided. The mirror image suppression method includes the following steps: obtaining a tomography image of an object to be tested by using the OCT system; calculating one real image signal obtained from an nth specific-mode scan for a specific pixel of the tomography image based on image signals obtained from an (n?1)th and the nth specific-mode scans; obtaining one real image signal of each of a plurality of pixels in the tomography image based on the calculation in the step of calculating the one real image signal; and reconstructing the tomography image based on the real image signal of each of the pixels obtained in the step of obtaining the one real image signal to suppress mirror image signals of the tomography image.

Abstract: A mirror image suppression method adapted to an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system is provided. The mirror image suppression method includes the following steps: obtaining a tomography image of an object to be tested by using the OCT system; calculating one real image signal obtained from an nth specific-mode scan for a specific pixel of the tomography image based on image signals obtained from an (n?1)th and the nth specific-mode scans; obtaining one real image signal of each of a plurality of pixels in the tomography image based on the calculation in the step of calculating the one real image signal; and reconstructing the tomography image based on the real image signal of each of the pixels obtained in the step of obtaining the one real image signal to suppress mirror image signals of the tomography image.

Abstract: A method for analyzing mucosa structure with optical coherence tomography (OCT) is provided, and includes: (a) scanning a mucosa sample with optical coherence tomography; (b) choosing a lateral range from a two- or three-dimensional OCT image and analyzing all the A-scan intensity profiles in the lateral range; (c) calculating three indicators in each A-scan intensity profile, including the standard deviation for a certain depth range below the sample surface, the exponential decay constant of the spatial-frequency spectrum and the epithelium thickness under the condition that the basement membrane is identifiable; and (d) using the three indicators of each A-scan intensity profile within the lateral range to analyze the mucosa structure.

Abstract: A method for analyzing mucosa structure with optical coherence tomography (OCT) is provided, and includes: (a) scanning a mucosa sample with optical coherence tomography; (b) choosing a lateral range from a two- or three-dimensional OCT image and analyzing all the A-scan intensity profiles in the lateral range; (c) calculating three indicators in each A-scan intensity profile, including the standard deviation for a certain depth range below the sample surface, the exponential decay constant of the spatial-frequency spectrum and the epithelium thickness under the condition that the basement membrane is identifiable; and (d) using the three indicators of each A-scan intensity profile within the lateral range to analyze the mucosa structure.

Abstract: Measurement system and methods for measuring oxygenated hemoglobin saturation level are provided. Light is transmitted to test blood and a reference mirror. The reference mirror provides a first reflected light beam, and backscattered light from different depths of the test blood generates a second reflected light beam. An interfered light signal is generated by light interference of the first and second reflected light beams. According to the interfered light signal, a first light decay constant for a first light wavelength range and a second light decay constant for a second light wavelength range are obtained according to the interfered light signal. A decay ratio of the first light decay constant to the second light decay constant is obtained. Oxygenated hemoglobin saturation level of the test blood is obtained according to the decay ratio.

Abstract: A projection system comprises a light source module and a light-guiding assembly. The light source module comprises a reflecting cover and a light source disposed in the reflecting cover to form a first beam with a first f-number. The light-guiding assembly comprises a body with an incident end and a lens disposed on the incident end. The first beam passes through the lens disposed on the incident end to form a second beam with a second f-number. The second f-number of the second beam is different from the first f-number of the first beam.

Abstract: An image display apparatus is capable of recycling the “OFF” state light to increase the image brightness and contrast. The image display apparatus includes a light source, a spatial light modulator, a total internal reflection (TIR) prism, a projection lens set, and a reflector. The spatial light modulator selectively modulates a light beam from the light source to a first path to form a first path light beam or to a second path to form a second path light beam. The TIR prism disposed between the light source and the spatial light modulator is configured to allow the light beam to travel therethrough in a first direction and to be incident on the spatial light modulator. The projection lens set disposed between the modulator and a screen is configured to project the first path light beam to form an image on a screen. The reflector is configured to reflect the second path light beam to form a reflected light beam that is incident on the TIR prism in a second direction as a recaptured light beam.

Abstract: An image display apparatus for enhancing contrast is provided. The apparatus includes a tunable illumination mask and/or a tunable image mask. According to the light path in the image display apparatus, the tunable illumination mask dynamically controls the area through which the light passes to block noise such as scattering or diffraction light and thereby enhances contrast.

Abstract: An image display apparatus is capable of recycling the “OFF” state light to increase the image brightness and contrast. The image display apparatus includes a light source, a spatial light modulator, a total internal reflection (TIR) prism, a projection lens set, and a reflector. The spatial light modulator selectively modulates a light beam from the light source to a first path to form a first path light beam or to a second path to form a second path light beam. The TIR prism disposed between the light source and the spatial light modulator is configured to allow the light beam to travel therethrough in a first direction and to be incident on the spatial light modulator. The projection lens set disposed between the modulator and a screen is configured to project the first path light beam to form an image on a screen. The reflector is configured to reflect the second path light beam to form a reflected light beam that is incident on the TIR prism in a second direction as a recaptured light beam.

Abstract: An image display apparatus for enhancing contrast is provided. The apparatus includes a tunable illumination mask and/or a tunable image mask. According to the light path in the image display apparatus, the tunable illumination mask dynamically controls the area through which the light passes to block noise such as scattering or diffraction light and thereby enhances contrast.

Abstract: A projection display device having a light source and a light pipe is disclosed. The light pipe is deviated from the optical axis of the light source a predetermined distance. Therefore, the distribution of lights with a virtual arc array, transmitted by the light pipe, is asymmetrical, to increase intensity and uniformity of the projection display device.

Abstract: A light source installed in a projector for generating an enhanced light beam has a plurality of beam generators for generating light beams and a prism for deflecting the light beams to collect the light beams to form the enhanced light beam. The projector has a light pipe for uniformizing light received from the light source and an image device for processing the uniformized light from the light pipe and for projecting the processed light to form an image.