Abstract: Semiconductor devices and methods of forming the same are provided. A semiconductor device according to one embodiment includes an active region including a channel region and a source/drain region adjacent the channel region, a gate structure over the channel region of the active region, a source/drain contact over the source/drain region, a dielectric feature over the gate structure and including a lower portion adjacent the gate structure and an upper portion away from the gate structure, and an air gap disposed between the gate structure and the source/drain contact. A first width of the upper portion of the dielectric feature along a first direction is greater than a second width of the lower portion of the dielectric feature along the first direction. The air gap is disposed below the upper portion of the dielectric feature.

Abstract: A cooling system of machine tool body casting includes a body casting, a cooling device, and a fan. The body casting is provided with an inner space, an inlet end, and an outlet end. The inlet end and the outlet end are connected with the inner space. The cooling device is disposed at the inlet end. The fan is disposed on one side of the cooling device for inputting external air, such that the external air is input into the inner space and discharged from the outlet end. Therefore, the fan triggers the cold air to flow in the inner space for cooling down the heat of the body casting.

Abstract: A cooling system of machine tool body casting includes a body casting, a cooling device, and a fan. The body casting is provided with an inner space, an inlet end, and an outlet end. The inlet end and the outlet end are connected with the inner space. The cooling device is disposed at the inlet end. The fan is disposed on one side of the cooling device for inputting external air, such that the external air is input into the inner space and discharged from the outlet end. Therefore, the fan triggers the cold air to flow in the inner space for cooling down the heat of the body casting.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of manufacturing lightweight ceramics by mixing several raw materials such as a powdered glass material, a powdered alkali silicate, and a water-soluble polymer in a certain proportion to form a dry substrate, and then adding water to mold the substrate into a desired shape; after the water in the substrate is baked dry, heat the substrate until the ceramic is formed. The oxide and hydroxide in the alkali silicate are used to lower the softening point of the powdered glass material, and when the powdered glass material is in the semi fluid state, the air and crystal water brought by the alkali silicate will expand and form air bubbles due to the high temperature.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of manufacturing lightweight ceramics by mixing several raw materials such as a powdered glass material, a powdered alkali silicate, and a water-soluble polymer in a certain proportion to form a dry substrate, and then adding water to mold the substrate into a desired shape; after the water in the substrate is baked dry, heat the substrate until the ceramic is formed. The oxide and hydroxide in the alkali silicate are used to lower the softening point of the powdered glass material, and when the powdered glass material is in the semi fluid state, the air and crystal water brought by the alkali silicate will expand and form air bubbles due to the high temperature.

Abstract: A message passing method for computer system is proposed. The computer system comprises a common device driver unit and at least one application module unit communicated to the common device driver unit through a message exchange unit. The message exchange unit is composed of a plurality of message buffers in a plurality of tasks. Each task has an independent message buffer pointed to another task and each independent message buffer is connected to two specific tasks only. The message passed in this computer system has a lead-code, a sub-code and an extend data. The lead-code comprises a command trigger sign and a ready sign.

Abstract: A computer system with parallel sever architecture comprises a common device driver unit for managing the I/O interface of at least one common device of the computer system; at least one application module unit runnable on the computer system and comprising hardware and software to perform certain function with the help of the common device in the common device driver unit; and a message exchange unit functioned as message interface of the common device driver unit and the application module unit. The common device driver unit is in same hierarchy as the application module unit. The communication between the common device driver unit and the application module unit is controlled by the message exchange unit rather than direct connection.

Abstract: A new esthetic bracket protector is formed of a silicone material and can be placed over the orthodontic bracket to achieve the esthetic purpose. The protector is round-shaped, is hollow in the interior and has a covering. There is a hole in each side for the main wire to pass through and there is a slit from each hole to the base of the covering. In this manner, the protector may be easily pressed over the bracket and wire. It covers the bracket, prevents mucosal ulceration and caries and provides an esthetic appearance.