Abstract: A chemical mechanical polishing composition for polishing a ruthenium containing substrate comprises, consists of, or consists essentially of a water based liquid carrier; titanium oxide particles dispersed in the liquid carrier, the titanium oxide particles including rutile and anatase such that an x-ray diffraction pattern of the titanium oxide particles has a ratio X:Y greater than about 0.05, wherein X represents an intensity of a peak in the x-ray diffraction pattern having a d-spacing of about 3.24 ? and Y represents an intensity of a peak in the x-ray diffraction pattern having a d-spacing of about 3.51 ?; and a pH in a range from about 7 to about 10. Optional embodiments further include a pH buffer having a pKa in a range from about 6 to about 9.

Abstract: A chemical mechanical polishing composition for polishing tungsten or molybdenum comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of a water based liquid carrier, abrasive particles dispersed in the liquid carrier, an amino acid selected from the group consisting of arginine, histidine, cysteine, lysine, and mixtures thereof, an anionic polymer or an anionic surfactant, and an optional amino acid surfactant. A method for chemical mechanical polishing a substrate including a tungsten layer or a molybdenum layer includes contacting the substrate with the above described polishing composition, moving the polishing composition relative to the substrate, and abrading the substrate to remove a portion of the tungsten layer or the molybdenum layer from the substrate and thereby polish the substrate.

Abstract: A chemical mechanical polishing composition for polishing a ruthenium containing substrate comprises, consists of, or consists essentially of a water based liquid carrier; titanium oxide particles dispersed in the liquid carrier, the titanium oxide particles including rutile and anatase such that an x-ray diffraction pattern of the titanium oxide particles has a ratio X:Y greater than about 0.05, wherein X represents an intensity of a peak in the x-ray diffraction pattern having a d-spacing of about 3.24 ? and Y represents an intensity of a peak in the x-ray diffraction pattern having a d-spacing of about 3.51 ?; and a pH in a range from about 7 to about 10. Optional embodiments further include a pH buffer having a pKa in a range from about 6 to about 9.

Abstract: The invention provides a chemical-mechanical polishing composition comprising (a) about 0.05 wt. % to about 10 wt. % of an abrasive; (b) a dispersant, wherein the dispersant is a linear or branched C2-C10 alkylenediol; and (c) water, wherein the chemical-mechanical polishing composition has a pH of about 2 to about 6. The invention also provides a method of chemically-mechanically polishing a substrate by contacting the substrate with the inventive chemical-mechanical polishing composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a chemical-mechanical polishing composition comprising(a) an abrasive having a Vickers hardness of 16 GPa or more, and (b) a liquid carrier, wherein the polishing composition is substantially free of an oxidizing agent and wherein the polishing composition has a pH of about 0 to about 7. The invention further provides a method of polishing a substrate, especially a substrate comprising ruthenium, with the polishing composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a chemical-mechanical polishing composition comprising (a) silica particles, (b) a polymer comprising sulfonic acid monomeric units, (c) optionally, a buffering agent, and (d) water, wherein the polishing composition has a pH of about 2 to about 5. The invention further provides a method of chemically-mechanically polishing a substrate with the inventive chemical-mechanical polishing composition. Typically, the substrate comprises silicon carbide and silicon nitride.

Abstract: The invention provides a chemical-mechanical polishing composition comprising (a) silica particles, (b) a polymer comprising sulfonic acid monomeric units, (c) optionally, a buffering agent, and (d) water, wherein the polishing composition has a pH of about 2 to about 5. The invention further provides a method of chemically-mechanically polishing a substrate with the inventive chemical-mechanical polishing composition. Typically, the substrate comprises silicon carbide and silicon nitride.

Abstract: The invention provides a composition for cleaning contaminants from semiconductor wafers following chemical-mechanical polishing. The cleaning composition contains a bulky protecting ligand, an organic amine, an organic inhibitor, and water. The invention also provides methods for using the cleaning composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a chemical-mechanical polishing composition comprising (a) silica particles, (b) a polymer comprising sulfonic acid monomeric units, (c) optionally, a buffering agent, and (d) water, wherein the polishing composition has a pH of about 2 to about 5. The invention further provides a method of chemically-mechanically polishing a substrate with the inventive chemical-mechanical polishing composition. Typically, the substrate comprises silicon carbide and silicon nitride.

Abstract: The invention provides a composition for cleaning contaminants from semiconductor wafers following chemical-mechanical polishing. The cleaning composition contains one or more quaternary ammonium hydroxides, one or more organic amines, one or more metal inhibitors, and water. The invention also provides methods for using the cleaning composition.

Abstract: The invention provides stabilized solutions useful as raw materials in various applications and methods for stabilizing such aqueous solutions with a stabilizer comprising one or more dialkylhydroxylamines or inorganic or organic acid salts thereof. Stabilized solutions and methods for stabilizing aqueous solutions thereof, include, for example, those of tris(2-hydroxy ethyl)methylammonium hydroxide (THEMAH) and/or carbohydrazide (CHZ).

Abstract: The invention provides a composition for cleaning contaminants from semiconductor wafers following chemical-mechanical polishing. The cleaning composition contains a bulky protecting ligand, an organic amine, an organic inhibitor, and water. The invention also provides methods for using the cleaning composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a composition for cleaning contaminants from semiconductor wafers following chemical-mechanical polishing. The cleaning composition contains one or more quaternary ammonium hydroxides, one or more organic amines, one or more metal inhibitors, and water. The invention also provides methods for using the cleaning composition.

Abstract: An aqueous cleaning composition for post copper chemical mechanical planarization is provided. The composition comprises an organic base, a copper etchant, an organic ligand, a corrosion inhibitor, and water, wherein the organic base is in a concentration of at least about 200 ppm, the copper etchant is in a concentration of at least about 200 ppm, the organic ligand is in a concentration of at least about 50 ppm, and the corrosion inhibitor is in a concentration of at least about 10 ppm. When used in the post copper chemical mechanical planarization cleaning procedure, the aqueous cleaning composition can effectively remove the residual contaminants from the wafer surface and reduce the defect counts on the wafer surface, while simultaneously, impart the wafers with a better surface roughness.

Abstract: In a system and method of viewer centric depth adjustment, a sensor measures viewing distance of a viewer from a screen; and a depth remapping unit receives a color image, a depth map and the viewing distance, and accordingly remaps depth values of the depth map such that the viewer perceives same depth at different viewing distances.