Abstract: A method for designing a metalens includes receiving a description of an optical system, including (i) a meta-atom to be used in a first lens in the optical system and (ii) a first distance from the first lens, receiving a description of optical signals, including (i) an incident optical signal to the optical system and (ii) a target optical signal of the optical system and determining a first layout of a plurality of the meta-atom on the first lens. The method further includes determining a first output optical signal of the optical system based at least in part on the incident optical signal and the first layout of the plurality of the meta-atom on the first lens and setting a design of the first lens using the first layout.

Abstract: A strongly confined ridge waveguide that provides substantially reduced polarization sensitivity, without significant compromise for other waveguide characteristics such as, for example, single-mode condition, and low propagation and bending losses for the fundamental mode. The present invention considers waveguide material composition and thickness for guiding and cladding layers, bend radius, ridge width and etch depth at which the modal indices of the fundamental TE and TM modes are equal. With those parameters, the losses (e.g., the imaginary parts of the modal indices) of the fundamental and first-order modes may be calculated. By considering the previously mentioned criteria, a low-loss, single-mode ridge waveguide may be constructed in accordance with the present invention having losses of the fundamental modes in the range of less than approximately 1.

Abstract: A guided wave optical switch having a passive optical component optically coupled to a low gain optical amplifier—both being formed monolithically in a semiconductor substrate. The passive optical component may comprise a single-mode −3 dB optical power splitter that receives at an input an optical signal and splits that optical signal approximately equally between two outputs. The passive optical component may also comprise an optical isolator, an optical circulator, and other known passive optical devices. The low gain optical amplifier includes a waveguide having an active region that may provide optical signal gain when excited by an electrical current provided by a metal or metallic electrode connected to the active region. The active region may be a bulk active region, a multiple quantum well active region, or the waveguide may comprise a buried heterojunction waveguide having either a bulk or multiple quantum well active region.

Abstract: A strongly confined ridge waveguide that provides substantially reduced polarization sensitivity, without significant compromise for other waveguide characteristics such as, for example, single-mode condition, and low propagation and bending losses for the fundamental mode. The present invention considers waveguide material composition and thickness for guiding and cladding layers, bend radius, ridge width and etch depth at which the modal indices of the fundamental TE and TM modes are equal. With those parameters, the losses (e.g., the imaginary parts of the modal indices) of the fundamental and first-order modes may be calculated. By considering the previously mentioned criteria, a low-loss, single-mode ridge waveguide may be constructed in accordance with the present invention having losses of the fundamental modes in the range of less than approximately 1.