Abstract: A learning device that learns a machine learning model that uses an image including a plurality of pixels as an input and outputs a determination value indicating whether or not each of the pixels represents a road, including: a storage medium that stores a computer-readable command; and a processor that is connected to the storage medium, the processor executing the computer-readable command to set a weight for an error between the determination value output by the machine learning model and learning data indicating whether or not each of the pixels represents a road and learn the machine learning model to reduce a value of a loss function calculated on the basis of the error for which the weight has been set, the processor increasing the weight in one or more predetermined directions from a lower end center of the image.

Abstract: A learning device for training a machine learning model that receives an image as an input and outputs a first pixel region representing road edges and a second pixel region representing a road area in the image includes a storage medium storing computer-readable instructions and a processor connected to the storage medium, the processor executing the computer-readable instructions to compare the first and second pixel regions to determine a degree of matching between the first and second pixel regions, set a gain for a first error between the first pixel region and correct data representing the road edges and a second error between the second pixel region and correct data representing the road area based on the degree of matching, and train the machine learning model so as to reduce a value of a loss function calculated based on the first and second errors for which the gain has been set.

Abstract: A road boundary detection method and apparatus, and an electronic device, a storage medium and a computer program product are provided. The method includes that: a road image, which is collected by an image collection device arranged on a vehicle is identified, and then a plurality of road boundaries from the road image is determined; and a road boundary inside which the vehicle can travel is selected from the plurality of road boundaries.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an interaction method, system and apparatus, and a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and relates to the technical field of communications. The interaction method includes: establishing a signaling channel with a client through a QUIC protocol; and before or at the same time when the client establishes an ICE connection, delivering a media data packet through the signaling channel.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the technical field of communications, and relates to an interaction method, system and apparatus, and a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. The interaction method includes: performing media capability negotiation with a client according to a QUIC protocol; and establishing a P2P media transmission channel with the client, so as to transmit media data with the client by means of the P2P media transmission channel.

Abstract: Described are a method for suppressing overshoot of an output voltage or output current, a charging device, and a medium. The method for suppressing the overshoot of the output voltage or output current includes the following. A loop in an open-loop state in a closed-loop control circuit is determined. A wave-sending control value output by the closed-loop control circuit at a present beat is obtained. The wave-sending control value output at the present beat is assigned to an open-loop output value at the present beat, where the open-loop output value is an output value of the loop in the open-loop state. An open-loop output value of a loop in the open-loop state at a next beat is calculated by using an assigned open-loop output value at the present beat.

Abstract: Described are a method for suppressing overshoot of an output voltage or output current, a charging device, and a medium. The method for suppressing the overshoot of the output voltage or output current includes the following. A loop in an open-loop state in a closed-loop control circuit is determined. A wave-sending control value output by the closed-loop control circuit at a present beat is obtained. The wave-sending control value output at the present beat is assigned to an open-loop output value at the present beat, where the open-loop output value is an output value of the loop in the open-loop state. An open-loop output value of a loop in the open-loop state at a next beat is calculated by using an assigned open-loop output value at the present beat.

Abstract: A system for synthesizing a real-time image by using optical surface motion signals includes: an acquisition unit configured to acquire an image of a patient before treatment and real-time optical surface data of the patient during treatment; and a synthesis unit configured to synthesize the acquired image of the patient before treatment and the real-time optical surface data of the patient during treatment into a real-time image that is synchronized with a change of the optical surface motion signals according to a certain mapping relationship. The synthesized real-time image achieves precise, real-time, non-invasive, visual dynamic tracking of the moving target volumes without concomitant dose during radiotherapy on the existing traditional accelerator platform.

Abstract: A system for synthesizing a real-time image by using optical surface motion signals includes: an acquisition unit configured to acquire an image of a patient before treatment and real-time optical surface data of the patient during treatment; and a synthesis unit configured to synthesize the acquired image of the patient before treatment and the real-time optical surface data of the patient during treatment into a real-time image that is synchronized with a change of the optical surface motion signals according to a certain mapping relationship. The synthesized real-time image achieves precise, real-time, non-invasive, visual dynamic tracking of the moving target volumes without concomitant dose during radiotherapy on the existing traditional accelerator platform.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical article that includes, a mark that is positioned on and/or within the first surface of an optical substrate thereof, and a photochromic layer that includes at least one photochromic compound and which resides over at least a portion of the first surface. The mark includes a photoluminescent material. The first surface of the optical substrate is exposed to a source of actinic radiation, the photochromic compound has an activation time after exposure to the source of actinic radiation, and the mark luminesces and is visually observable during at least a portion of the activation time. The present invention also relates to: an optical article that includes, a mark that is positioned within the first surface of an optical substrate thereof, and at least one photochromic compound that is also positioned within the first surface; and methods of making such optical articles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical article that includes, a mark that is positioned on and/or within the first surface of an optical substrate thereof, and a photochromic layer that includes at least one photochromic compound and which resides over at least a portion of the first surface. The mark includes a photoluminescent material. The first surface of the optical sub-strate is exposed to a source of actinic radiation, the photochromic compound has an activation time after exposure to the source of actinic radiation, and the mark luminesces and is visually observable during at least a portion of the activation time. The present invention also relates to: an optical article that includes, a mark that is positioned within the first surface of an optical substrate thereof, and at least one photochromic compound that is also positioned within the first surface; and methods of making such optical articles.

Abstract: A low-noise anti-skid road surface processing method is provided, which takes a highway as a construction object and includes steps of: closing a construction section of the highway, and then disease-treating and cleaning a road surface of the construction section; through a construction vehicle, synchronously sprinkling an interlayer interface agent, modified emulsified asphalt, an anti-skid noise-reducing material, modified emulsified asphalt and a surface protection agent which are successively distributed in a multi-layer manner to the road surface, and forming an ultra-thin overlay structural layer with a thickness of 2-9 mm on the road surface. The present invention is able to prevent the flying stones easily occurred in the gravel seal from affecting driving safety, and overcome the flaking off easily occurred in the prior art, so that it is a ultra-thin surface processing technology with fast construction and effectively cost.

Abstract: Provided are phase-separating polymer systems including a cured polymeric liquid crystal matrix phase and a guest phase including at least one photoactive material where the guest phase separates from the matrix phase during the curing process. Optical elements, including ophthalmic elements and other articles of manufacture including the phase-separating polymer systems are also disclosed. Methods of forming a liquid crystal phase-separating photoactive polymer system are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds represented by the following Formula Ic, in which R2-R6 can each independently be selected from hydrogen or hydrocarbyl (e.g., methyl); L1 and L4 are each independently a divalent linking group, such as a bond or —OC(O)—R8—C(O)O—, where R8 can be divalent hydrocarbyl (e.g., —CH2CH2—); each L2 and each L5 each independently represent a flexible segment, such as divalent linear or branched C1-C25 alkyl; each L3 and each L6 each independently represent a rigid segment including, for example, optionally substituted phenylen-1,4-diyl groups; t and s are each independently from 1 to 4; m and p are each independently from 0 to 4 for each t, provided that the sum of m and p is at least 1 for each t; q and r are each independently from 0 to 4 for each s, provided that the sum of q and r is at least 1 for each s; and E1 and E2 can each independently be hydrogen or hydrocarbyl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds represented by the following Formula I, In Formula I, R1 and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, and optionally substituted hydrocarbyl, provided that at least one of R1 and R2 is selected from optionally substituted hydrocarbyl (e.g., tertiary butyl); n is 0, 1 or 2, and each R3 is independently selected from optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; L1 is a divalent linking group, such as a bond or —C(O)O—; each L2 independently represents a flexible segment, such as divalent linear or branched C1-C25 alkyl; each L3 independently represents a rigid segment including, for example, optionally substituted phenylen-1,4-diyl groups; t is from 1 to 4; m and p are each independently from 0 to 4 for each t, provided that the sum of m and p is at least 1 for each t; and E can be, for example, C5-C18 aryl.

Abstract: Provided are photochromic articles that include a substrate, a primer layer that includes a first photochromic compound, and a photochromic-dichroic layer over the primer layer that includes a photochromic-dichroic compound. The first photochromic compound and the photochromic-dichroic compound each are selected such that the photochromic-dichroic compound has an absorbance of less than or equal to 0.1 at the wavelength of peak absorbance of the underlying first photochromic compound. The present invention also relates to such photochromic articles that further include a topcoat layer over the photochromic-dichroic layer. The topcoat layer can include a second photochromic compound that has an absorbance of less than 0.1 at the wavelength of peak absorbance of the underlying photochromic-dichroic compound. The photochromic articles provide, for example, a combination of linear polarizing properties, and reduced percent transmittance when in a colored or darkened state, such as when exposed to actinic light.

Abstract: Provided are photochromic articles including a substrate, a primer layer that includes a first photochromic compound, and a photochromic-dichroic layer over the primer layer that includes a photochromic-dichroic compound. The first photochromic compound and the photochromic-dichroic compound each are selected such that the photochromic-dichroic compound has an unactivated state terminal minimum absorbance wavelength that is less than or equal to the unactivated state terminal minimum absorbance of the underlying first photochromic compound. The present invention also relates to such photochromic articles that further include a topcoat layer over the photochromic-dichroic layer, the topcoat layer including a second photochromic compound that has an unactivated state terminal minimum absorbance wavelength that is less than the unactivated state terminal minimum absorbance wavelength of the underlying photochromic-dichroic compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds represented by the following Formula Ia, in which each R1-R6 can in each case be independently selected from hydrogen or hydrocarbyl (e.g., methyl); R7 is a multivalent linking group, such as L1 is a divalent linking group, such as a bond or divalent optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; each L2 independently represents a flexible segment, such as divalent linear or branched C1-C25 alkyl; each L3 independently represents a rigid segment including, for example, optionally substituted phenylen-1,4-diyl groups; t is from 1 to 4; m and p are each independently from 0 to 4 for each t, provided that the sum of m and p is at least 1 for each t; and E can be hydrogen or optionally substituted hydrocarbyl. The present invention also relates to compositions, such as liquid crystal compositions, and articles, such as optical elements, that include the compound represented by Formula Ia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds represented by the following Formula I, in which R1-R6 can each independently be selected from hydrogen or hydrocarbyl (e.g., methyl); L1 is a divalent linking group, such as a bond or —OC(O)—R8—C(O)O—, where R8 can be divalent hydrocarbyl (e.g., —CH2CH2—); each L2 independently represents a flexible segment, such as divalent linear or branched C1-C25 alkyl; each L3 independently represents a rigid segment including, for example, optionally substituted phenylen-1,4-diyl groups; t is from 1 to 4; m and p are each independently from 0 to 4 for each t, provided that the sum of m and p is at least 1 for each t; and E can be hydrogen or hydrocarbyl. The present invention also relates to compositions, such as liquid crystal compositions, and articles, such as optical elements, that include the compound represented by Formula I.

Abstract: Provided are photochromic articles including a substrate, a primer layer that includes a first photochromic compound, and a photochromic-dichroic layer over the primer layer that includes a photochromic-dichroic compound. The first photochromic compound and the photochromic-dichroic compound each are selected such that the photochromic-dichroic compound has an unactivated state terminal minimum absorbance wavelength that is less than or equal to the unactivated state terminal minimum absorbance of the underlying first photochromic compound. The present invention also relates to such photochromic articles that further include a topcoat layer over the photochromic-dichroic layer, the topcoat layer including a second photochromic compound that has an unactivated state terminal minimum absorbance wavelength that is less than the unactivated state terminal minimum absorbance wavelength of the underlying photochromic-dichroic compound.