Abstract: Provided is an automatic train tracking method, including: acquiring and displaying a real-time video image captured by a current image capture device (S101); wherein a plurality of image capture devices are sequentially arranged beforehand in a traveling direction of a train on a traveling route; detecting, based on the real-time video image, whether the train currently enters a capture range of the current image capture device (S102); taking, when it is detected that the train enters the capture range of the current image capture device, a next image capture device as the current image capture device (S103), returning to the step of acquiring and displaying a real-time video image captured by the current image capture device (S101), wherein the next image capture device is an image capture device adjacent to the current image capture device in the traveling direction. Further disclosed is an automatic train tracking system.