Abstract: In a method of forming a pattern, a lower coating layer and a photoresist layer are sequentially formed on an object layer. An exposure process may be performed such that the photoresist layer is divided into an exposed portion and a non-exposed portion. A portion of the lower coating layer overlapping or contacting the exposed portion is at least partially transformed into a polarity conversion portion that has a polarity substantially identical to that of the exposed portion. The non-exposed portion of the photoresist layer is selectively removed.

Abstract: A device to process information is provided. According to an embodiment, a display unit is configured to display computer-generated objects. A processor is configured to receive selection input effective to select a particular computer-generated object from amongst the computer-generated objects. Manipulation input corresponding to detected motions is received. The particular computer-generated object is moved and rotated in its entirety in response to the manipulation input and in accordance with the detected motions. Each of the detected motions has a corresponding time period. A password is generated using the detected motions and the time periods. A user is authenticated by use of the generated password and an identified unrevealed authentication. The authentication of the user includes an indication of an authentication failure when the detected motions are different from an expected input and any of the corresponding time periods are outside of an allowable time range.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus for an electronic device is provided. The antenna apparatus includes a broadcasting antenna apparatus for receiving broadcasting, and a communicating antenna radiator arranged near the broadcasting antenna apparatus and fed simultaneously from a feed part of the broadcasting antenna apparatus.

Abstract: An LCD device and a method of driving the same are provided. The LCD device includes a panel, one or more gate driver IC, a timing controller, and a source driver IC. The gate driver IC sequentially drives a plurality of gate lines formed in the panel. The timing controller controls the gate driver IC. The source driver IC simultaneously transfers image data from a first latch to a second latch according to a latch signal, converts the image data transferred from the second latch into data voltages, and outputs the data voltages to the panel at a falling time of a source output enable signal.

Abstract: A turbine nozzle box includes an annular outer ring plate, an annular nozzle unit, and an annular inner ring plate. The annular outer ring plate is operable to be disposed in a turbine such that an outer peripheral surface thereof is adjacent to an inner peripheral surface of an inner casing of the turbine. The annular nozzle unit is disposed adjacent to an inner peripheral surface of the outer ring plate. The annular inner ring plate is disposed such that an outer peripheral surface thereof is adjacent to an inner peripheral surface of the nozzle unit. The nozzle unit includes a plurality of segment blocks circumferentially installed at an arc angle. The segment blocks are disposed at an inlet end of a first-stage nozzle unit, and an outlet end of the first-stage nozzle unit is open.

Abstract: A power amplifier according to examples includes an amplifying circuit configured to amplify an input signal, a feedback circuit configured to feedback the amplified signal to the amplifying unit, and a feedback controlling circuit configured to control a power of the fed-back signal based on a power of the input signal. The feedback controlling unit performs controlling so that the power of the fed-back signal is increased as the power of the input signal is increased.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the method includes obtaining quantization information related to at least one of a first block and an adjacent second block, comparing the quantization information with a predefined constant value, and performing a filtering process based on a result from the comparing step. The filtering process includes calculating a value of at least one pixel in the first block based on pixel values of at least two pixels in the first block, and calculating a value of at least one pixel in the second block based on pixel values of at least two pixels in the second block.

Abstract: A power amplifier include an amplifier including at least one field effect transistor (FET) that operates in an amplifying stage configured to amplify an input signal, and a body controller configured to control a bias voltage of a body terminal of the FET based on a power of the input signal. The body controller performs controlling so that the bias voltage of the body terminal is reduced in response to the power of the input signal being increased. Accordingly, such a power amplifier exhibits improved linearity.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of conventional high frequency plasma torches and develop a plasma torch which enables quick quenching of high frequency plasma and which overcomes instability resulting from the quick quenching. To accomplish the abovementioned objective, according to one embodiment of the present invention, disclosed is an electromagnetic wave high frequency hybrid plasma torch.

Abstract: A device to process information is provided. According to an embodiment, a display unit is configured to display computer-generated objects. A processor is configured to receive selection input effective to select a particular computer-generated object from amongst the computer-generated objects. Manipulation input corresponding to detected motions is received. The particular computer-generated object is moved and rotated in its entirety in response to the manipulation input and in accordance with the detected motions. Each of the detected motions has a corresponding time period. A password is generated using the detected motions and the time periods. A user is authenticated by use of the generated password and an identified unrevealed authentication. The authentication of the user includes an indication of an authentication failure when the detected motions are different from an expected input and any of the corresponding time periods are outside of an allowable time range.

Abstract: Provided is a power amplifier installed in wireless communication terminals and systems. According to one aspect of the present invention, a reconfigurable power amplifier capable of selecting a wide band frequency is provided. The reconfigurable power amplifier includes input transistors receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal and a reconfigurable adaptive power cell configured to select the wide band frequency by applying a common-gate bias voltage to a plurality of common-gate transistors with a plurality of separate common gates to amplify the RF signal.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the method includes obtaining quantization information related to at least one of a first block and an adjacent second block, comparing the quantization information with a predefined constant value, and performing a filtering process based on a result from the comparing step. The filtering process includes calculating a value of at least one pixel in the first block based on pixel values of at least two pixels in the first block, and calculating a value of at least one pixel in the second block based on pixel values of at least two pixels in the second block.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle interface providing terminal including: a wireless communication unit configured to receive a call signal transmitted from a base station; a terminal information collection unit configured to collect terminal information of other callable terminals; a vehicle interface generator configured to provide a vehicle interface to a vehicle information providing terminal and provide a selection list through the vehicle interface based on the terminal information when the call signal is received; and a call voice relay unit configured to relay a voice signal between a second terminal selected in the selection list and the base station, in which the call voice relay unit transmits the voice signal received from the base station and transmits the voice signal received from the second terminal to the base station, when the second terminal is selected.

Abstract: Provided is a terminal of providing a vehicle interface to a vehicle information providing terminal, the terminal including: a terminal information collection unit configured to collect terminal information of the other terminal capable of transceiving contents data; a wireless communication unit configured to receive a reproduction request of the contents data transmitted from the other terminal; a contents interface generator configured to generate a contents interface provided through the vehicle interface based on the terminal information and the contents data reproduction request; and a contents data relay unit configured to reproduce the contents data received from the other terminal through the contents interface to control the reproduced contents data to be provided to the vehicle information providing terminal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for managing an APK file in the Android platform in order to forestall an executable file in an APK file from being analyzed by reverse engineering or decompiling that comprises a file reader that reads an original .dex file in the APK file, a file modifier that modifies the original .dex file the file reader has read and stores the modified .dex file in a readable folder in the APK file, a file creator that accesses the folder to read and restore the original .dex file, creates a temporary .dex file that is can be loaded onto memory and adds the temporary .dex file to the APK file in order to create a protected APK file and a file executer that reads from the folder and restores, if the Android platform requests the protected APK file to be executed, the modified original .dex file by executing the temporary .dex file and loads the restored original .dex file onto memory in order to execute the protected APK file.

Abstract: A bias circuit may include an envelope detecting unit detecting an envelope of an input signal, a source voltage generating unit generating a source voltage using a power supply voltage, and an envelope amplifying unit receiving the power supply voltage and the source voltage as a driving voltage and amplifying an envelope signal detected by the envelope detecting unit to generate a first bias voltage.

Abstract: Provided are a labelling agent including a compound of the following Formula 1, a labelling composition, a method of labelling a protein with the labelling agent, and a method of detecting the protein using the labelling agent: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R8 are independently H, substituted or unsubstituted —C1-10-alkyl-, —C2-10-alkenyl, or —C2-10-alkynyl, R7 is H or —NR9R10, R9 and R10 are independently H, substituted or unsubstituted —C1-10-alkyl-, —C2-10-alkenyl, or —C2-10-alkynyl, X is —NR11, —O, or S, R11 is H, substituted or unsubstituted —C1-10-alkyl-, —C2-10-alkenyl, or —C2-10-alkynyl, Y is —OR12 or —NR13R14, R12 is H, substituted or unsubstituted —C1-10-alkyl-, —C2-10-alkenyl, or —C2-10-alkynyl, and R13 and R14 are independently H, substituted or unsubstituted —C1-10-alkyl-, —C2-10-alkenyl, or —C2-10-alkynyl.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hybrid reforming system for producing syngas through a reforming reaction between carbon dioxide plasma and a hydrocarbon material, the system comprising: a carbon dioxide feeder (110) which feeds carbon dioxide; a hydrocarbon material feeder (120) which feeds the hydrocarbon material; a plasma reformer (200) which respectively receives carbon dioxide and the hydrocarbon material from the carbon dioxide feeder (110) and the hydrocarbon material feeder (120), and produces primary syngas through a reforming reaction while producing the carbon dioxide plasma using electromagnetic waves; a wet carbon-refining device (130) which is arranged at a gas exhaust end of the plasma reformer (200) and filters and refines carbon contained in the primary syngas; and a catalyst dry-reformer (140) which is arranged at a gas exhaust end of the wet carbon-refining device (130) and produces secondary syngas by making the refined syngas undergo a catalyst dry-reforming reaction.

Abstract: A method for operating a data storage device includes receiving a command including a set bit transmitted from a host, storing the set bit in a register in response to the command, receiving a first state check command from the host, and transmitting a response which includes state information of the data storage device and processing information corresponding to a write command in the data storage device to the host based on the first state check command and the set bit stored in the register.

Abstract: A display having a data driving integrated circuit includes N number of output channels (where N is an integer) having at least two regions including a first output channel and an Nth output channel, a data output channel group including M data output channels (where M is an integer less than N), the M data output channels supplying pixel data to a corresponding number of the data lines in accordance with a desired resolution of the display, wherein (N?M) output channels are not supplied with pixel data, and the (N?M) output channels are located between the first output channel and the Nth output channel, and a channel selector selecting the M data output channels.