Abstract: In a method for inspecting pattern defects, a plurality of patterns are formed over an underlying layer. The plurality of patterns are electrically isolated from each other. A part of the plurality of patterns are scanned with an electron beam to charge the plurality of patterns. An intensity of secondary electrons emitted from the scanned part of the plurality of patterns is obtained. One or more of the plurality of patterns that show an intensity of the secondary electrons different from others of the plurality of patterns are searched.

Abstract: Some embodiments relate to an integrated circuit device incorporating an etched recessed gate dielectric region. The integrated circuit device includes a substrate including a first upper surface, a gate dielectric region disposed at the first upper surface of the substrate and extending into the substrate, and a gate structure disposed over the gate dielectric region. The gate dielectric region includes a second upper surface and forms a recess extending below the second upper surface. The second upper surface includes a perimeter portion surrounding the recess. The gate structure completely covers the second upper surface of the gate dielectric region and extends into the recess.

Abstract: A DVD device with video playback has a spindle motor to rotate a disc by a pick-up head. An integrated control unit includes a processor, MPEG interface, and I/O interface. The integrated control unit outputs control signals to a motor servo and a pick-up head servo so as to individually control the spindle motor and the pick-up head. The processor help a decoder to modulate the information marks into digital signals. Those digital signals are stored in a memory for forming a decompressed format to output and play. The integrated control unit integrates all the circuits, such as processor, in the DVD device into one chip or a single module to simplify components and the volume.

Abstract: A modified three-pixel antialiasing method wherein the closest pixel from a displayed line has a constant display intensity includes the steps of locating a first pixel having a shortest distance along an axis of the pixel matrix array from the line, determining the shortest distance, calculating pixel intensity for the first pixel by multiplying a maximum intensity of the first pixel with a constant value, locating a second pixel having a second shortest distance along the axis from the line, locating a third pixel having a third shortest distance along the axis from the line, calculating pixel intensity for the second pixel, and calculating pixel intensity for the third pixel.