Abstract: A method is provided to remove an unexpected pop-up noise that occurs while audio data such as a key tone is output in an electronic device. The method includes detecting an interruption such as a key release for stopping the output of audio data, and verifying Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) data of the audio data. If there is a gap between an endpoint of the PCM data and a given reference value, the device reduces the gap by revising the endpoint of the PCM data.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving resource allocation information in a communication system are provided. In the method of transmitting resource allocation information, at least one of a plurality of FDD UL FA resources is divided into a plurality of segment regions, and first resource allocation information is transmitted to mobile stations through a plurality of TDD DL FA resources. The first resource allocation information indicates, among the plurality of segment regions, each of segment regions corresponding to the TDD down link FA resources.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for simultaneous transmission scheduling in a multi-hop cellular system are provided, in which a base station presets simultaneous transmission relay station set information and transmits the simultaneous transmission relay station set information to relay stations managed by the base station, and an relay station receives the simultaneous transmission relay station set information from the base station, determines, upon receipt of a data frame from the base station, a state of the relay station preset in relation to a receiving relay station for the data frame by comparing an ID of the receiving relay station included in the data frame with the simultaneous transmission relay station set information, and operates according to the preset state.

Abstract: A method for determining a handoff of a mobile station (MS) in a mobile communication system. In the method, a serving base station (BS) measures a level of a first uplink signal by monitoring an uplink to the MS. The serving BS receives a level of a second uplink signal, measured and reported by at least one neighbor BS. The serving BS determines a handoff for the MS considering the level of the first uplink signal and the level of the second uplink signal.

Abstract: A method and system for Multicast Broadcast Service (MBS) over Mobile Multi-hop Relay (MMR) network using dynamic modification of Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) level are provided. The base station of the system for MBS over MMR network using dynamic modification of MCS level comprises: Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) table for storing the MCS level for the transmission between the BS and relay station (RS), throughput corresponding to the MCS level, and spectrum efficiency corresponding to the MCS level; and Dynamic Modulation and Coding (DMC) table for storing the MCS level for the transmission between the RS and MS to be changed upon update of the AMC table. If there is any change of the MCS level for the transmission between the RS and MS, the BS transmits a MCS control message to the RS informing of the MCS level change such that MBS data is transmitted with the changed MCS level.

Abstract: A method quickly resuming a downlink service in a hard handover in a cellular mobile communication system. To provide the fast downlink service to an MS during a hard handover from an OBS to an NBS, the NBS receives handover user information from the OBS, and generates an MS temporary ID using the handover user information to identify the MS. If user data is generated for the MS before a connection is established for traffic transmission between the MS and the NBS, the NBS transmits the user data to the MS on an HCCH using the MS temporary ID.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for avoiding interference between a base station and a relay station when using full duplex relay in a multi-hop relay wireless communication system are provided. An operation of a mobile station includes measuring an strength of a receive signal from a base station and an strength of a receive signal from an relay station, calculating a receive signal strength ratio of base station to relay station by dividing the strength of the receive signal from the base station by the strength of the receive signal from the relay station, determining if interference occurs using the receive signal strength ratio, and transmitting a control message representing if interference occurs.

Abstract: A system and method for relaying Multicast Broadcast Service (MBS) are provided. The system for relaying MBS includes a base station; and a plurality of relay stations, wherein the relay stations forms multi-hop relay network, and wherein the base station selects a Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) level among a plurality of MCS levels based on channel condition between the base station and the respective relay stations. The MBS relay system of the present invention provides improved data throughput and stable broadcast services.

Abstract: A collated strip of fasteners for use in a powered nail gun. Each fastener has a head and an elongated shank extending outwardly therefrom and the plurality of fasteners are disposed aligned one with the other. At least two wire members are secured to the shanks of the aligned plurality of fasteners so as to form a strip of connected fasteners. A first wire member is secured to a first side of each of the shanks and a second wire member is secured to a second and opposite side of each of the shanks. The first and second wire members are spaced a distance apart from each other so that a stable strip of fasteners is formed. A third wire member may also be secured to the first side of the shanks a spaced distance from the first wire member. In this instance, the second wire member is secured to the second and opposite side of the shanks in a position intermediate the first and third wire members.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for transmitting an uplink data during handoff. A method for transmitting uplink data in a soft handoff system, in which a mobile station is simultaneously connected with at least two base transceiver systems under a control of a base station controller, includes selecting one of the base transceiver systems as a main base transceiver system, transmitting uplink signals to the main base transceiver system and sub-base transceiver systems, and transmitting by the sub-base transceiver systems received uplink signals to the main base transceiver system. Through the method, a main BTS for diversity combining and decoding soft bit strings is established among BTSs connected to a mobile station, so that it is possible to distribute a data processing amount centralized on a BSC to a BTS.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method for transmitting/receiving a signal in a communication system. In the system and method, a base station transmits data to a first relay station, which is connected directly thereto from among relay stations belonging to a first relay station group, through a first frame interval, and transmits data to a second relay station, which is connected directly thereto from among relay stations belonging to a second relay station group, through a second frame interval subsequent to the first frame interval. In the first frame interval or the second frame interval where no data is received from the base station, each of the first and second relay stations transmits data to a next relay station connected directly thereto within the same relay station group, and communicates data with a mobile station in direct communication therewith.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing an uplink feedback overhead in a wireless communication system are provided. The method includes scheduling DownLink traffic and determining a transmission period, and allocating UpLink feedback resources considering the DL traffic transmission period.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for collating nails wherein round head nails are fed by gravity along an inclined rail to a periphery of a rotating indexing and feed wheel. The nails are deposited into circumferentially spaced grooves formed in the periphery of the feed wheel in a vertical orientation. The feed wheel is inclined at an angle of approximately 45° and upon 180° rotation of the feed wheel the nails assume a horizontal orientation. A conveyor has a plurality of spaced segments attached to a pair of moving belts. Each segment is formed with spaced notches for receiving the nails in a horizontal spaced relationship from the feed wheel and then transporting the horizontally spaced nails to a collator for forming into a continuous strip. Rotation of the feed wheel is synchronized with movement of the conveyor by a motor, a gear train and drive shafts extending between the feed wheel and conveyor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a handoff method connected with resource allocation in order to prevent QoS degradation, which may occur during or before/after a handoff on account of channel state change resulting from the mobility of a radio communication apparatus. To this end, a serving base station currently-connected to the radio communication apparatus and a target base station to be connected after a handoff periodically or non-periodically measure uplink/downlink channel states in relation to the radio communication apparatus, and the target base station allocates resources (e.g., time slot, specific subcarrier, or specific frequency band) most suitable for the service requested from the radio communication apparatus during a handoff, thereby preventing QoS degradation due to the handoff.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving resource allocation information in a communication system are provided. In the method of transmitting resource allocation information, at least one of a plurality of FDD UL FA resources is divided into a plurality of segment regions, and first resource allocation information is transmitted to mobile stations through a plurality of TDD DL FA resources. The first resource allocation information indicates, among the plurality of segment regions, each of segment regions corresponding to the TDD down link FA resources.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for collating nails wherein round head nails are fed by gravity along an inclined rail to a periphery of a rotating indexing and feed wheel. The nails are deposited into circumferentially spaced grooves formed in the periphery of the feed wheel in a vertical orientation. The feed wheel is inclined at an angle of approximately 45° and upon 180° rotation of the feed wheel the nails assume a horizontal orientation. A conveyor has a plurality of spaced segments attached to a pair of moving belts. Each segment is formed with spaced notches for receiving the nails in a horizontal spaced relationship from the feed wheel and then transporting the horizontally spaced nails to a collator for forming into a continuous strip. Rotation of the feed wheel is synchronized with movement of the conveyor by a motor, a gear train and drive shafts extending between the feed wheel and conveyor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a noble 6-alkylamino-2-methyl-2?-(N-methyl substituted sulfonamido)methyl-2H-1-benzopyran derivative, a method for preparing the same with high efficiency using a parallel synthetic method, one of combinatorial chemical synthetic techniques, and a use of the novel compound showing a high inhibitory effect to 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) activity for preventing and treating leukotriene (LTA4, B4, C4, D4) activation-related diseases such as inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, colitis, asthma and psoriasis.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing interference from a UpLink (UL) signal in a Time Division Duplex (TDD) system are provided. The method includes determining whether a section for receiving an UpLink (UL) signal from the MS overlaps with sections for sending a DownLink (DL) signal of neighbor BSs in service, the neighbor BSs sending the DL signal to another MS, when the UL signal section overlaps with the DL sections of the neighbor BSs, detecting DL transmit signal information from the neighbor BSs transmitting in the overlapping sections, and removing interference from the UL signal using the detected transmit signal information. Accordingly, the accuracy of detecting the signal from the MS can be raised without having to adopt the complex resource allocation scheme to avoid the interference of the neighbor BSs.

Abstract: A packet buffering apparatus and method in a multi-hop relay system supporting hop-by-hop retransmission are provided. In the buffering apparatus and method, a first buffer buffers a user packet until the user packet is successfully transmitted to a next node, and a second buffer buffers the user packet until the user packet is successfully transmitted to an MS, after the user packet is successfully transmitted to the next node. Accordingly, time delays and transmission costs are reduced.

Abstract: A flip chip package may include a semiconductor substrate, the semiconductor substrate having a metal interconnection formed in the semiconductor substrate. A passivation layer formed over the semiconductor substrate exposing at least a portion of a metal interconnection formed in the semiconductor substrate. A conductive pad may be formed over the passivation layer and being connected to the metal interconnection. A barrier layer may be formed over the conductive pad and a portion of the passivation layer. A bump structure may be formed over the barrier layer.