Abstract: The dehydrogenation of n-parrofins to n-olefins is catalyzed by novel synthetic manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves such as OMS-1 and OMS-2.

Abstract: A new class of manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves possess a (4.times.4) tunnel structure. The molecular sieves possess the general compositionA.sub.a M.sub.b Mn.sub.16-b O.sub.32 n.multidot.H.sub.2 Owherein A is +1, +2, +3 or +4 tunnel cation or combination thereof, 0.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.8, M is +1, +2, +3 or +4 framework-substituting metal cation or combination thereof, 0.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.16 and n.gtoreq.0.A method of producing the molecular sieves includes the steps of dissolving a manganese salt in an organic solvent, e.g., ethanol, adding a permanganate salt to the resulting solution to provide a solid intermediate which is recovered and heated to a temperature which results in producing an octahedral molecular sieve having a (4.times.4) tunnel structure.The molecular sieves are useful in such applications as oxidation catalysis, hydrocarbon conversion, adsorption and electrochemical sensors.

Abstract: Manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve (OMS) is produced by the method comprising:a) forming an aqueous reaction medium containing manganese cation and permanganate anion, the reaction medium being maintained at a pH of not greater than about 4.5;b) refluxing the aqueous reaction medium under conditions which are effective to produce solid crystalline manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve product; and,c) recovering the solid crystalline product.The method of this invention is carried out in an open system, i.e., a reflux condenser, and results in the formation of OMS which is thermally stable up to about 600.degree. C.

Abstract: Synthetic manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves, e.g., OMS-1 and OMS-2, are employed as acid-base catalysts in a variety of acid-base organic conversion reactions.

Abstract: A process of converting linear olefins to branched olefins by a skeletal isomerization reaction wherein said reaction is carried out at a temperature of between about 300.degree. C. and about 650.degree. C., under a pressure of between about 0.1 and about 100 atmospheres and a space velocity of said linear olefins of between about 0.1 and about 40 WHSV in the presence of a steamed then acid washed zeolite ferrierite catalyst.

Abstract: The method of converting n-butylenes to isobutylene by a skeletal isomrization reaction wherein said reaction is carried out at a temperature of between 300.degree. C. and 650.degree. C., under a pressure of between 0.1 and 100 atmospheres and a space velocity of said n-butylenes of between 0.1 and 40 WHSV using a cagalyst comprising a zeolite binder selected frm the group consisting of alumina, silica, silica-alumina, clay and a combination thereof, said catalyst having a pore size of at least about 4.5 angstroms and the pore size structure is characteried by intersecting 10-member ring and 8-member ring channels.

Abstract: The conversion of normal olefins such as n-butylenes can be converted to branched olefin species such as isobutylene by skeletal isomerization over zeolite-based catalysts having pore sizes of at least about 4.5 Angstroms and a pore structure characterized by intersecting 10-MR and 8 MR channels. The zeolite-based catalysts have sufficient acidity to catalyze the skeletal isomerization of normal olefins. The catalysts can be used to produce isoolefins for reaction with alcohols in integrated processes to produce alkyl tertiary alkyl ethers such as MTBE.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon feedstock is catalytically cracked at an elevated temperature in a cracking zone with a zeolite cracking catalyst. The cracking catalyst employed comprises a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite catalyst and a hybrid [Al,B]-zeolite catalyst. In this process the hydrocarbon feedstock is contacted with the zeolite catalyst in, for example, a fluidized bed catalytic cracking unit to yield cracked products containing increased amounts of C.sub.3 /C.sub.8 olefins.

Abstract: A process of synthesizing synthetic manganese oxide hydrates having various structures including hollandite and todorokite structure by hydrothermal synthesis. The products have a high degree of crystallinity, and thermal stability.

Abstract: Normal olefins such as n-butenes can be converted to iso olefins such as isobutylene by skeletal isomerization over catalysts of boron-beta zeolites having pore sizes of at least about 5 Angstroms and containing boron in the framework structure thereof. The boron-beta zeoliteS have sufficient acidity to catalyze the skeletal isomerization of normal olefinsto iso-olefins. The catalysts can be used to produce iso-olefins for reaction with alcohols in integrated processes to produce alkyl tertiary alkyl ethers such as MTBE.

Abstract: Normal olefins such as n-butenes and normal alkanes such as n-butane can be coverted to branched olefin species such as isobutylene by skeletal dehydroisomerization over catalysts preferably containing metals selected from Groups IB, IIB, IIIB, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIII and the rear earth elements which are deposited upon borosilicate zeolites having pore sizes of at least about 5 Angstroms and containing boron in the framework structure thereof. The borosilicates have sufficient acidity to catalyze the skeletal isomerization of both normal alkanes and normal olefins. The catalysts can be used to produce isoolefins for reaction with alcohols in integrated processes to produce alkyl tertiary alkyl ethers such as MTBE.

Abstract: A lithium-doped gamma-alumina supported cobalt-molybdenum catalyst and a process for converting synthesis gas to a mixture of lower aliphatic alcohols is provided.