Abstract: A method and an apparatus for decoding channel codes received from a noisy communication channel are provided. The method comprises: demodulating the received channel codes to obtain a demodulated data vector; and decoding, using a compute-in-memory (CIM), the demodulated data vector to obtain one or more candidate output codewords, the demodulated data vector is decoded with a guessing random additive noise decoding (GRAND) algorithm to obtain a candidate output codeword. By leveraging CIM technique for GRAND implementation, due to the intrinsic small size of memory cells relative to logic gates, the integration of storing and computing operations (e.g. multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) operation on the input vector with the weight matrix) in memory cells enables concurrently evaluating a multitude error patterns, therefore substantially reduce the worst-case latency of GRAND hardware implementation.

Abstract: Aspects describe gas sensitive field effect transistor (FET) structures, a gas sensitive FET array including the disclosed gas sensitive FET structures, and methods of manufacturing and using the same. In one example, a gas sensitive FET structure can include a body comprising a substrate layer, an intermediate layer over the substrate layer, and a passivation layer over the intermediate layer. Primary terminals disposed within the body can include at least one source terminal, at least one drain terminal and at least one gate terminal. A floating gate disposed within the body can comprise metal at a top surface of the intermediate layer. The passivation layer can be etched over the floating gate, and the floating gate can be electrically coupled to the gate terminal of the primary terminals. A sensing material layer can be positioned over the floating gate. A reset element can be included for resetting the floating gate.

Abstract: A wireless charging receiver as described herein includes a configurable rectifier configured to convert an alternating current input to a direct current output in a single processing stage, wherein the configurable rectifier comprises one or more diodes, and a controller communicatively coupled to the one or more diodes and configured to select one of a plurality of mode cycling schemes and control a present operating mode of the active diodes according to a selected mode cycling scheme. Additionally, an active diode as described herein includes a comparator, a gate driver, a power transistor, and a delay compensation circuit for compensation of at least one of a turn-on delay and a turn-off delay of the active diode, the delay compensation circuit including analog feedback loops.

Abstract: Aspects describe gas sensitive field effect transistor (FET) structures, a gas sensitive FET array including the disclosed gas sensitive FET structures, and methods of manufacturing and using the same. In one example, a gas sensitive FET structure can include a body comprising a substrate layer, an intermediate layer over the substrate layer, and a passivation layer over the intermediate layer. Primary terminals disposed within the body can include at least one source terminal, at least one drain terminal and at least one gate terminal. A floating gate disposed within the body can comprise metal at a top surface of the intermediate layer. The passivation layer can be etched over the floating gate, and the floating gate can be electrically coupled to the gate terminal of the primary terminals. A sensing material layer can be positioned over the floating gate. A reset element can be included for resetting the floating gate.

Abstract: A wireless charging receiver as described herein includes a configurable rectifier configured to convert an alternating current input to a direct current output in a single processing stage, wherein the configurable rectifier comprises one or more diodes, and a controller communicatively coupled to the one or more diodes and configured to select one of a plurality of mode cycling schemes and control a present operating mode of the active diodes according to a selected mode cycling scheme, Additionally, an active diode as described herein includes a comparator, a gate driver, a power transistor, and a delay compensation circuit for compensation of at least one of a turn-on delay and a turn-off delay of the active diode, the delay compensation circuit including analog feedback loops.

Abstract: Functionality is shared among mobile devices in a peer to peer manner. A mobile device can include a plurality of functional components that can each perform respective functionality. Examples of the functionalities can include transceiver communications, processing, power, memory, input and output for the mobile device. Further, the mobile device can include a sharing component that enables sharing a particular third party functional component to replace or supplement operation of a corresponding functional component of the mobile device. The third party functional component, for instance, can be made available for sharing by at least one of a disparate mobile device or a stand alone functional component. Moreover, a host component can allow a disparate mobile device to use an available one or more of the plurality of functional components of the mobile device.

Abstract: Systems and methods that recharge power supply units of portable electronic devices by leveraging energy harvesting or scavenging techniques. A recharge component accumulates energy from a plurality of sources, and supplies an electric current to the portable electronic device for a charge thereof. The sources of energy are based on routine user actions such as muscle movements (e.g., walking, movement of eye lashes, body heat), and can further consider environmental factors such as exposure to sunlight, temperature, as well as availability of external power sources.

Abstract: Systems and methodologies for sharing functionality among mobile devices in a peer to peer manner are described herein. A mobile device can include a plurality of functional components that can each perform respective functionality. Examples of the functionalities can include transceiver communications, processing, power, memory, input and output for the mobile device. Further, the mobile device can include a sharing component that enables sharing a particular third party functional component to replace or supplement operation of a corresponding functional component of the mobile device. The third party functional component, for instance, can be made available for sharing by at least one of a disparate mobile device or a stand alone functional component. Moreover, a host component can allow a disparate mobile device to use an available one or more of the plurality of functional components of the mobile device.

Abstract: Mobile devices, mobile device systems and methods applying to mobile devices are provided that employ intelligent agents in combination with a wide array of remote utilities and information sources to facilitate improving a mobile device user's experience. By collecting contextual information from numerous information sources related to the mobile device user's context, more accurate and optimized determinations and/or inferences are formed relating to which remote utilities to make available to the mobile device user. This facilitates less confusion for the user in selecting desired mobile device content, services, and/or applications. The devices, systems, and methodologies also provide for an improved user experience in an open remote utility provider model.

Abstract: Mobile devices, mobile device systems and methods applying to mobile devices are provided that employ intelligent agents in combination with a wide array of remote utilities and information sources to facilitate improving a mobile device user's experience. By collecting contextual information from numerous information sources related to the mobile device user's context, more accurate and optimized determinations and/or inferences are formed relating to which remote utilities to make available to the mobile device user. This facilitates less confusion for the user in selecting desired mobile device content, services, and/or applications. The devices, systems, and methodologies also provide for an improved user experience in an open remote utility provider model.

Abstract: Mobile devices, mobile device systems and methods applying to mobile devices are provided that employ intelligent agents in combination with a wide array of remote utilities and information sources to facilitate improving a mobile device user's experience. By collecting contextual information from numerous information sources related to the mobile device user's context, more accurate and optimized determinations and/or inferences are formed relating to which remote utilities to make available to the mobile device user. This facilitates less confusion for the user in selecting desired mobile device content, services, and/or applications. The devices, systems, and methodologies also provide for an improved user experience in an open remote utility provider model.

Abstract: A music retrieval system which take an input melody as the query. In one embodiment, changes or differences in the distribution of energy across the frequency spectrum over time are used to find breakpoints in the input melody in order to separate it into distinct notes. In another embodiment the breakpoints are identified based on changes in pitch over time. A confidence level is preferably associated with each breakpoint and/or note extracted from the input melody. The confidence level is based on one or more of: changes in pitch, absolute values of a spectral energy distribution indicator, relative values of the spectral energy distribution indicator, and the energy level of the input melody. The process of matching the input melody with songs in the music database is based on minimizing a cost computation that takes into account errors in the insertion and deletion of notes, and penalizes these errors in accordance with the confidence levels of the breakpoints and/or notes.

Abstract: The disclosed subject matter provides low power layered LDPC decoders and related systems and methods. Exemplary embodiments of the disclosed subject matter can achieve significant reduction in memory access of the associated memories by bypassing the associated memories depending on the decoding algorithm (e.g., code rate) and the characteristic of the LDPC parity check matrix, thereby providing significant reductions power consumption of LDPC decoders. According to various embodiment, an optimal decoding order can be determined and scheduled to maximize the power reduction available by bypassing the associated memories. In addition, various algorithms are disclosed that determine optimal search orders under various constraints. According to the disclosed subject matter, particular embodiments can further reduce power consumption by employing the disclosed thresholding to further reduce memory access.

Abstract: An exponential charge pump uses a number of identical or similar charging stages, each having a first and second capacitor. During a first clock phase, the first capacitor of each stage is charged by the second capacitor of the preceding stage, and, during a complementary second clock phase, the positive plate of the first capacitor of each stage is pushed to an increased voltage by the first capacitor of the preceding stage and charges the second capacitor of the next stage to the increased voltage at the same time. A similar mechanism occurs to the second capacitors in each stage, but with complementary timing. The increased voltage of the first capacitor of the last stage is pumped to an output capacitor during the second clock phase, and the increased voltage of the second capacitor of the last stage is pumped to an output capacitor during the first clock phase.

Abstract: A battery-operated portable electronic device has a primary battery to provide energy to low current circuitry of the portable device, and a supplemental battery to provide intermittent bursts of energy to other components of the portable device. A charging device charges the supplemental battery from the primary battery. An electronic device employing the battery system may have a battery compartment for the primary battery, which can be an AAA, AA, C, or D size battery.

Abstract: A musical jukebox is disclosed which provides for: fast archiving of songs; a flexible user interface; easy and convenient entry of, access to and/or display of data relating to songs archived by the jukebox; easy and convenient search and locate capabilities for locating, reviewing, retrieving and/or playing songs stored in the jukebox; and low cost relative to the functionality, features, conveniences and user-friendliness provided by the jukebox. Fast of flush archiving of songs (as well as other data and signals) is accomplished by first saving sets of data without compression, which allows the data to be entered quickly, and then, compressing later at an appropriate time. A unique MP3 bit allocation encoding scheme is used to compress data. A unique memory allocation supports fast data archiving. The user interface employs two-way communication between a remote control and the jukebox. A searchable song database is structured to enable very fast searching by music category, and also by title and artist.

Abstract: System and methodologies for timing synchronization in a wireless communication system are provided herein. The provided systems and methodologies can utilize various timing synchronization algorithms and an associated state machine to reduce the down time of a wireless communication system due to the presence of simultaneously operating piconets (SOP) and/or other factors. Frequency band finger pattern detection techniques are additionally described that can reduce boundary mismatch rates for wireless receivers. In one example, by making use of the fact that time frequency codes (TFCs) possess unique frequency hopping patterns, system down time can be reduced and OFDM boundary matching can be enhanced to allow a receiver to obtain correct timing information even for communication channels having a very low SINR.

Abstract: Low power Viterbi decoder techniques using Scarce State Transition (SST) and path pruning and related methods and systems are provided, which facilitate practical implementations that reduce the computational overhead and power consumption. In addition, the invention provides uneven-partitioned memory architectures for the survivor memory unit that advantageously exploits the characteristic of the maximum likelihood state probability distribution of the SST decoder facilitating further power reduction. The disclosed details enable various refinements and modifications according to decoder and system design considerations.

Abstract: An exponential charge pump uses a number of identical or similar charging stages, each having a first and second capacitor. During a first clock phase, the first capacitor of each stage is charged by the second capacitor of the preceding stage, and, during a complementary second clock phase, the positive plate of the first capacitor of each stage is pushed to an increased voltage by the first capacitor of the preceding stage and charges the second capacitor of the next stage to the increased voltage at the same time. A similar mechanism occurs to the second capacitors in each stage, but with complementary timing. The increased voltage of the first capacitor of the last stage is pumped to an output capacitor during the second clock phase, and the increased voltage of the second capacitor of the last stage is pumped to an output capacitor during the first clock phase.

Abstract: A mobile device facilitates customized services for its user. For example, a mobile device can record information about a user using multiple inputs (e.g., sensors, GPS, camera, etc.). The information recorded creates a log of activities and interests of the user. One or more parts of the log are published and the user receives additional information based on the published information, such as other nearby people with similar interests or coupons. Other services of the mobile device can include biometric (e.g., facial) recognition of people, voting/polling, and language translation. The services available on a mobile device can be pre-configured so that the user can use the various services out of the box.