Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate, at least one semiconductor fin, and at least one epitaxy structure. The semiconductor fin is present on the substrate. The semiconductor fin has at least one recess thereon. The epitaxy structure is present in the recess of the semiconductor fin. The epitaxy structure includes a topmost portion, a first portion and a second portion arranged along a direction from the semiconductor fin to the substrate. The first portion has a germanium atomic percentage higher than a germanium atomic percentage of the topmost portion and a germanium atomic percentage of the second portion.

Abstract: A system for recording and verifying cycling activities, comprising a sensor detects a movement of a bicycle and provides distance information; a terminal device comprising a user module provides a user interface to enable a user to log in and access personal information of the user; a conversion module converts the distance information received from the sensor into carbon footprint information; a communication module transmits the carbon footprint information to a server to update a carbon footprint record associated with an account associated with at least the user or an organization; and wherein a transaction module communicating with the server or the communication module derives a carbon footprint credit based on change(s) in the carbon footprint record, wherein an account management module communicating with the server, the communication module, or the transaction module certifies or verifies the carbon footprint credit or exchange or transact in the carbon footprint credit.

Abstract: A system for notifying environmental pollution status includes wireless environment sensing devices and a portable wireless environmental pollution status notification device. The wireless environment sensing devices, respectively arranged in the different sensing locations of a physical environment, respectively store the sensing locations and respectively sense pollution related information corresponding to the different sensing locations to output the pollution related information and the sensing locations corresponding thereto. The portable wireless environmental pollution status notification device, wirelessly connected to the plurality of wireless environment sensing devices and located in the physical environment, receives the pollution related information and the sensing locations corresponding thereto and generates notification signals based on the pollution related information and the sensing locations corresponding thereto.

Abstract: A positioning pollutant-measuring system includes a cloud server, a wireless base station, an automatic moving vehicle, and a positioning pollutant-measuring device. The automatic moving vehicle carries the positioning pollutant-measuring device and passes through different locations. The positioning pollutant-measuring device receives location related parameters from the wireless base station and measures the air flow rates or the air humidity of the different locations to adjust a resolution for measuring pollutants corresponding to the different locations.

Abstract: A pressure sensor is provided, wherein a ballast resistive layer is integrated in the pressure sensor so that the resistive output curve for the pressure sensor has saturation characteristics. The pressure sensor shall be prevented from breaking down by a large current that may be caused, when an overload pressure is applied on the pressure sensor, if no ballast resistive layer is added.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an organic memory device is provided. In the method, a bottom electrode is formed on a substrate. A first surface treatment is performed on the bottom electrode to form a bottom surface treatment layer on a surface thereof. A polymer thin film is formed on the bottom surface treatment layer, and a top electrode is formed on the polymer thin film.

Abstract: A pressure sensor is provided, wherein a ballast resistive layer is integrated in the pressure sensor so that the resistive output curve for the pressure sensor has saturation characteristics. The pressure sensor shall be prevented from breaking down by a large current that may be caused, when an overload pressure is applied on the pressure sensor, if no ballast resistive layer is added.

Abstract: A memory cell comprising a metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structure is disclosed using a homogeneous carrier trapping layer interposed between a semiconductor layer and the gate electrode of a transistor structure so that the operation voltage is reduced and the manufacturing is simplified with lowered cost. The MIS structure comprises: a gate electrode; a semiconductor layer; and a homogeneous carrier trapping layer interposed between the gate electrode and the semiconductor layer; wherein the homogeneous carrier trapping layer comprises novolac.

Abstract: A nano compound. The nano compound includes a metal or oxide thereof and an organic compound capable of oxidation and reduction bonded to the metal or oxide thereof. The invention also provides an organic memory device including the nano compound.

Abstract: A memory cell comprising a metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structure is disclosed using a homogeneous carrier trapping layer interposed between a semiconductor layer and the gate electrode of a transistor structure so that the operation voltage is reduced and the manufacturing is simplified with lowered cost. The MIS structure comprises: a gate electrode; a semiconductor layer; and a homogeneous carrier trapping layer interposed between the gate electrode and the semiconductor layer; wherein the homogeneous carrier trapping layer comprises novolac.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an organic memory device is provided. In the method, a bottom electrode is formed on a substrate. A first surface treatment is performed on the bottom electrode to form a bottom surface treatment layer on a surface thereof. A polymer thin film is formed on the bottom surface treatment layer, and a top electrode is formed on the polymer thin film.

Abstract: A nano compound. The nano compound includes a metal or oxide thereof and an organic compound capable of oxidation and reduction bonded to the metal or oxide thereof. The invention also provides an organic memory device including the nano compound.

Abstract: An organic memory device includes a top electrode, a bottom electrode, and a bistable organic polymer layer between the top and bottom electrodes. Moreover, the organic memory device further includes a surface treatment layer between the organic polymer layer and the bottom electrode. Because the surface treatment layer can stabilize the interface between the organic polymer layer and the bottom electrode, the reliability of the device may be promoted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for microdrop vitrification of cells comprising providing cells, culturing the cells in a culture medium containing cryoprotectants for a short period, forming a microdrop from the culture medium containing the cells, and contacting the microdrop with liquid nitrogen to obtain a glass-like bead.

Abstract: A copy-limit pre-recorded CD (Compact Disc) and a copy-limit method protect the data recorded on the pre-recorded CD from copied onto a recordable CD. The pre-recorded CD (Compact Disc) includes a data area of the pre-recorded CD and an indivisible file. The storage capacity of a data area of the recordable CD is Z. The indivisible file is stored in the data area of the pre-recorded CD and has a file size Y which approximately ranges between Z+10 MB and Z+100 MB. The copying action is prohibited to proceed when the indivisible file with a size is larger than the storage capacity of the data area of a recordable CD is determined.

Abstract: A copy-limit pre-recorded CD (Compact Disc) and a copy-limit method protect the data recorded on the pre-recorded CD from copied onto a recordable CD. The pre-recorded CD (Compact Disc) includes a data area of the pre-recorded CD and an indivisible file. The storage capacity of a data area of the recordable CD is Z. The indivisible file is stored in the data area of the pre-recorded CD and has a file size Y which approximately ranges between Z+10 MB and Z+100 MB. The copying action is prohibited to proceed when the indivisible file with a size is larger than the storage capacity of the data area of a recordable CD is determined.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cellulase enzyme, elgA, isolated from the fungus Piromyces rhizinflata and nucleic acids encoding it.