Abstract: In some implementations, one or more semiconductor processing tools may form a metal cap on a metal gate. The one or more semiconductor processing tools may form one or more dielectric layers on the metal cap. The one or more semiconductor processing tools may form a recess to the metal cap within the one or more dielectric layers. The one or more semiconductor processing tools may perform a bottom-up deposition of metal material on the metal cap to form a metal plug within the recess and directly on the metal cap.

Abstract: A recycling apparatus for a solar cell module includes a platform for supporting and positioning the solar cell module, and at least one milling device disposed on the platform and having a milling member configured to contact a back plate of the solar cell module, and a casing defining a chip-receiving space and having an air inlet and a suction port communicating with the chip-receiving space. A drive device is connected to the at least one milling device for driving the at least one milling device to move around and mill the solar cell module through the milling member.

Abstract: An optical system affixed to an electronic apparatus is provided, including a first optical module, a second optical module, and a third optical module. The first optical module is configured to adjust the moving direction of a first light from a first moving direction to a second moving direction, wherein the first moving direction is not parallel to the second moving direction. The second optical module is configured to receive the first light moving in the second moving direction. The first light reaches the third optical module via the first optical module and the second optical module in sequence. The third optical module includes a first photoelectric converter configured to transform the first light into a first image signal.

Abstract: In some implementations, one or more semiconductor processing tools may form a metal cap on a metal gate. The one or more semiconductor processing tools may form one or more dielectric layers on the metal cap. The one or more semiconductor processing tools may form a recess to the metal cap within the one or more dielectric layers. The one or more semiconductor processing tools may perform a bottom-up deposition of metal material on the metal cap to form a metal plug within the recess and directly on the metal cap.

Abstract: A validity management system for a digital file and a method for operating the same are provided. The system includes a file server that is connected with a file storage system and a blockchain for providing services of file preservation, verification and setting time validity. When an original file is received, an identification data is created and a hash value is calculated. The original file is uploaded to the file storage system that provides an original file address. The hash value, the identification data and the original file address are transmitted to the blockchain for creating a record. When any user requests for retrieving the original file, the original file is retrieved from the file storage system, and can be verified according to the record obtained from the blockchain. Afterwards, the user creates a copied file and decides accessibility of the copied file by setting time validity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of synchronous deletion for distributed storage system. According to the present invention, after a first host accesses one or more first datum, a first data list and a second data list will be created in a blockchain network corresponding to the modification of the data in the first host. Then the first data list and the second data list are used to update a second host. Accordingly, by taking advantages of the indestructibility of the blockchain technology, the existence of the first data list and the second data list will be maintained. Then the second data accessed by the second host will still be consistent even the first host has modified them. In addition, a hardware safety module can be further adopted to ensure the correctness of the execution file in the second host.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of synchronous deletion for distributed storage system. According to the present invention, after a first host accesses one or more first datum, a first data list and a second data list will be created in a blockchain network corresponding to the modification of the data in the first host. Then the first data list and the second data list are used to update a second host. Accordingly, by taking advantages of the indestructibility of the blockchain technology, the existence of the first data list and the second data list will be maintained. Then the second data accessed by the second host will still be consistent even the first host has modified them. In addition, a hardware safety module can be further adopted to ensure the correctness of the execution file in the second host.