Abstract: A method is disclosed for controlling the metallurgical structure of cast metals containing nonmetallic second phase structures. The method comprises (1) prior to making casting of the metal, determining a mathematical value associated with the rate of temperature change at liquidus recalescence and a value associated with the rate of temperature change at the eutectic arrest of a measured cooling curve for a sample of the metal melt; (2) comparing the determined values obtained with previously gathered values of the same type that have been correlated to known metallurgical structures; and (3) if the determined values are different than previously gathered values for a desired structure, add modifying and/or refining agents to promote a metallurgical structure change in the melt.

Abstract: A high temperature wear resistant material is disclosed for use in engine components such as an exhaust valve seat insert to reduce high temperature exhaust valve seat wear. The material consists by weight of about 40-70% Cu, about 20-60% Ni, about 3-14% Al and up to about 1.5% other alloying ingredients with normal processing impurities.

Abstract: A method of brazing metal, particularly aluminum members, is disclosed which employs gaseous bromine as a fluxing agent. The fluxing agent is introduced as an additive to a through-flowing protective or inert atmosphere in the brazing furnace.