Abstract: A method of applying non-linear regression on a set of data points to get an estimate is described herein. The method includes receiving a set of N datapoints, separating the set of N datapoints into Nb batches, receiving a family of fitting functions, and minimizing a log-cosh cost function for each batch by selecting parameters that minimize the log-cosh cost function. The parameters are obtained by: receiving a matrix product state (MPS) model and training the MPS to minimize loss over all the Nb batches, including choosing an MPS with M+D tensors. All tensors except D correspond to one datapoint in each of the Nb batches, D extra tensors in the MPS have a physical dimension of size M corresponding to the number of possible outputs for a given batch, and the coefficients of the tensors in the MPS minimize the log-cosh cost function sequentially over all the Nb batches.

Abstract: A method of embedding ordinary differential equations (ODEs) into tensor radial basis networks is presented herein. The method involves receiving a tensored basis function having D dimensions and zeroth-, first-, and second-derivative coefficients A_d, B_d, and C_d; defining A_hat, B_hat, and C_hat as a function of A, B, and D, and C_hat as function of A, C, and D, respectively; defining an orthogonal exotic algebra a, b, c; applying a, b, and c, along with A_hat, B_hat, and C_hat, as coefficients for the zeroth-derivative, first-derivative, and second-derivative terms; and embedding the updated tensored basis function by forming a matrix product state (MPS). The MPS can be trained by initializing MPS 3-tensors with random coefficients and sweeping left and right along the MPS and updating the MPS 3-tensors.

Abstract: A device or system configured to: receive a set of data associated with a monitored target, the set of data having N features, where N is a natural number greater than one; input the N features of the received set of data into a trained neural network for determining a condition or characteristic of the target with a plurality of sets of historical data associated with the target, each set of the plurality of sets of historical data having N features, the neural network at least having N inputs and one or more outputs, the neural network having one or more hidden layers, each hidden layer being a tensor network in the form of a matrix product operator, MPO, with a respective plurality of tensors and having a respective predetermined activation function per hidden layer or per tensor in the MPO; and input the N features into the neural network, determining a condition or characteristic of the target by processing the one or more outputs. Also, a device or system configured to train such neural network.