Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a composite semipermeable membrane having an excellent resistance property to contamination, particularly an excellent resistance property to microbial contamination, and a water treatment method using the composite semipermeable membrane. The present invention relates to a composite semipermeable membrane comprising a skin layer formed on the surface of a porous support and containing a polyamide-based resin obtained by reacting a polyfunctional amine component with a polyfunctional acid halide component, wherein an antibacterial layer containing a silver-based antibacterial agent and a polymer component is formed on the skin layer directly or with other layer interposed therebetween, and the weight ratio between the silver-based antibacterial agent and the polymer component in the antibacterial layer is 55:45 to 95:5 (silver-based antibacterial agent:polymer component).

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a composite semipermeable membrane having an excellent resistance property to contamination, particularly an excellent resistance property to microbial contamination, and a water treatment method using the composite semipermeable membrane. The present invention relates to a composite semipermeable membrane comprising a skin layer formed on the surface of a porous support and containing a polyamide-based resin obtained by reacting a polyfunctional amine component with a polyfunctional acid halide component, wherein an antibacterial layer containing a silver-based antibacterial agent and a polymer component is formed on the skin layer directly or with other layer interposed therebetween, and the weight ratio between the silver-based antibacterial agent and the polymer component in the antibacterial layer is 55:45 to 95:5 (silver-based antibacterial agent:polymer component).

Abstract: Provided is a porous epoxy resin sheet produced by cutting a cured epoxy resin body to a predetermined thickness, the porous epoxy resin sheet having a large surface area and a uniform in-plane pore size distribution. A method for producing a porous epoxy resin sheet, comprising forming a cylindrical or columnar cured resin body from a resin mixture containing an epoxy resin, a curing agent, and a porogen, cutting the surface of the cured resin body at a predetermined thickness to make an epoxy resin sheet, and then removing the porogen from the sheet to render the sheet porous, wherein when the cured resin body is formed from the resin mixture, curing is performed in a state where the viscosity of the mixture is at least 1,000 mPa·s.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for producing, easily and at a low cost, a composite semipermeable membrane having excellent contamination resistance, especially microbial contamination resistance, and a composite semipermeable membrane produced by the process. The process for producing a composite semipermeable membrane of the present invention comprises forming a skin layer including a polyamide resin obtained by a reaction between a polyfunctional amine component and a polyfunctional acid halide component on the surface of a porous support; forming a polymer layer (A) including a silver salt compound on the skin layer directly or through other layers; and reducing the silver salt compound to precipitate metal silver in the polymer layer (A) and/or on the surface thereof.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a composite semipermeable membrane having an excellent resistance property to contamination, particularly an excellent resistance property to microbial contamination, and a water treatment method using the composite semipermeable membrane. The present invention relates to a composite semipermeable membrane comprising a skin layer formed on the surface of a porous support and containing a polyamide-based resin obtained by reacting a polyfunctional amine component with a polyfunctional acid halide component, wherein an antibacterial layer containing a silver-based antibacterial agent and a polymer component is formed on the skin layer directly or with other layer interposed therebetween, and the weight ratio between the silver-based antibacterial agent and the polymer component in the antibacterial layer is 55:45 to 95:5 (silver-based antibacterial agent:polymer component).

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a composite semipermeable membrane excellent in water permeability and salt-blocking rate, and including an extremely small amount of unreacted polyfunctional amine components in the membrane, and at providing a process for producing the composite semipermeable membrane. A composite semipermeable membrane having a skin layer formed on the surface of a porous support, the skin layer comprising a polyamide resin obtained by interfacial polymerization of a polyfunctional amine component and a polyfunctional acid halide component, wherein the content of an unreacted polyfunctional amine component is 200 mg/m2 or less after formation of the skin layer and before a membrane washing treatment, and the content of the unreacted polyfunctional amine component after the membrane washing treatment is 20 mg/m2 or less.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a composite semipermeable membrane excellent in water permeability and salt-blocking rate, a smaller content of unreacted polyfunctional amine components in the membrane, the composite semipermeable membrane avoiding the necessity of a membrane washing treatment, and the present invention also aims at providing a process for producing the composite semipermeable membrane. A composite semipermeable membrane having a skin layer, formed on a surface of a porous support, including a polyamide resin obtained by an interfacial polymerization of a polyfunctional amine component and a polyfunctional acid halide component, wherein the content of the unreacted polyfunctional amine component is 200 mg/m2 or less without removing by washing of an unreacted polyfunctional amine component after formation of the skin layer.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a composite semipermeable membrane having outstanding water permeability and salt-blocking rate, and extremely small amount of unreacted polyfunctional amine components in the porous support, and at providing a process for producing the composite semipermeable membrane. A composite semipermeable membrane having a skin layer formed on the surface of a porous support, the skin layer comprising a polyamide resin obtained by interfacial polymerization of a polyfunctional amine component and a polyfunctional acid halide component, wherein the porous support has a microporous layer on a base material, and the content of an unreacted polyfunctional amine component in the base material after a membrane washing treatment is 0.5 mg/m2 or less.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a composite semipermeable membrane excellent in water permeability and salt-blocking rate, and including an extremely small amount of unreacted polyfunctional amine components in the membrane, and at providing a process for producing the composite semipermeable membrane. A composite semipermeable membrane having a skin layer formed on the surface of a porous support, the skin layer comprising a polyamide resin obtained by interfacial polymerization of a polyfunctional amine component and a polyfunctional acid halide component, wherein the content of an unreacted polyfunctional amine component is 200 mg/m2 or less after formation of the skin layer and before a membrane washing treatment, and the content of the unreacted polyfunctional amine component after the membrane washing treatment is 20 mg/m2 or less.

Abstract: A transparent protective film for polarizing plate being provided via an adhesive layer on at least one surface of a polarizer, wherein a ratio of constituent elements (oxygen ratio/carbon ratio) on the polarizer-adhering surface of the transparent protective film for polarizing plate, which is determined by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, is larger than 0.75 has facilitate adhesion surface and no deformation without problems attributable to saponification.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive type optical film which comprises an optical film and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer superposed on at least one side thereof through an anchor layer formed from a resin emulsion. It is easy to handle because the pressure-sensitive adhesive does not peel off even when an edge of the film comes into contract during handling in use.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive type optical film which comprises an optical film and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer superposed on at least one side thereof through an anchor layer formed from a polyamine compound. It is easy to handle because the pressure-sensitive adhesive does not peel off even when an edge of the film comes into contract during handling in use. The pressure-sensitive adhesive type optical film can be inhibited from being electrostatically charged upon peeling.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle includes a first motor generator (1) and an engine (3) connected to first drive wheels (7) via a transmission (5), a second motor generator connected to a second drive wheel (17), a battery (8) electrically connected to the first and second motor generators (7,17), a sensor (25) which detects a running state of the vehicle, a sensor which detects a charge state of the battery (8), and a controller (10,11,12). The controller (10,11,12) controls a drive force of the engine (3) and the first motor generator (1) according to the running state of the vehicle and the charge state of the battery (8), and drives the second motor generator (2) by the battery (8) or the power generated by the first motor generator (1).

Abstract: A transparent protective film for polarizing plate being provided via an adhesive layer on at least one surface of a polarizer, wherein a ratio of constituent elements (oxygen ratio/carbon ratio) on the polarizer-adhering surface of the transparent protective film for polarizing plate, which is determined by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, is larger than 0.75 has facilitate adhesion surface and no deformation without problems attributable to saponification.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle includes a first motor generator (1) and an engine (3) connected to first drive wheels (7) via a transmission (5), a second motor generator connected to a second drive wheel (17), a battery (8) electrically connected to the first and second motor generators (7,17), a sensor (25) which detects a running state of the vehicle, a sensor which detects a charge state of the battery (8), and a controller (10,11,12). The controller (10,11,12) controls a drive force of the engine (3) and the first motor generator (1) according to the running state of the vehicle and the charge state of the battery (8), and drives the second motor generator (2) by the battery (8) or the power generated by the first motor generator (1).

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive material comprises a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer comprising 100 parts by weight of natural rubber and 10 to 120 parts by weight of styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SIS) having a radiate configuration with a styrene content of 10 to 45% by weight. Preferably, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is free of metals or metal compounds. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer may contain 5 to 150 parts by weight of a tackifier having an acid value of 1.5 or more. The pressure-sensitive adhesive material includes (A) a backing-less tape having a release liner having on one surface thereof the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and (B) a double-coated tape having a backing having respective pressure-sensitive adhesive layers on surfaces thereof, at least one of which is constituted by the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the above-described type.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle is driven by an engine and/or motor by tightening and releasing a clutch interposed between the engine and a transmission. A selector lever position is detected, and a clutch current is interrupted when the selector lever is not in a range for forward motion. In this way, the clutch current is forcibly interrupted when the vehicle is not moving forward, so tightening of the clutch is definitively prevented even if a clutch current control CPU operates incorrectly.

Abstract: A lockup control system controls a lockup state of the automatic transmission employing a torque converter with a lockup clutch. The lockup control system executes a lockup clutch engagement pressure control for decreasing an engagement differential pressure of the lockup clutch at a predetermined differential pressure for a predetermined time period under a coast lockup state. Further, the lockup control system executes a learning control for obtaining the predetermined differential pressure by adding a differential pressure correction value to a differential pressure learning value by which the torque converter generates a slight slip under the coast lockup state. Therefore, even during the coast lockup state, both of suppressing vibrations by a lowering of a lockup capacity and maintaining a responsibility for re-increasing the differential pressure are ensured.

Abstract: An object is to peel off a disused resist from an article, e.g., a silicon wafer, with an adhesive sheet while preventing impurities contained in the adhesive sheet from transferring to the surface of the article, e.g., wafer, and from thus arousing electrical troubles resulting in problems such as decreases in the yield and reliability of the article. A method for resist removal comprising forming an adhesive layer on an article on which a resist is present and peeling the adhesive layer as a united sheet including the resist material from the article, characterized in that the adhesive layer has been regulated so as to have a modulus of elasticity of 1 Kg/mm.sup.2 or higher in the peeling, and an adhesive or an adhesive sheet both for use in the method.

Abstract: A speed ratio control operation of an automatic transmission for a vehicle is controlled by using an oil pressure supplied from a oil pump (16). At least a circuit (22) which sets a rotation speed of the oil pump (16) to a first pump rotation speed in order to maintain a necessary minimum line pressure to control a variable mechanism, a stationary vehicle condition determination circuit (24) which determines that the vehicle is operating under the conditions that the brake is operated and vehicle speed is below a fixed value, and a circuit (23) which sets a second pump rotation speed which is lower than the first pump rotation speed when stationary vehicle conditions are met are provided. The rotation speed is lowered to the second pump rotation speed when the vehicle stationary conditions are met which results in reduced energy consumption and reduced noise pollution.