Abstract: In a film image reading out device, in which one surface of a film, where images are recorded, is scanned repeatedly with a laser light beam along a scanning line and images are read out by detecting continuously light, which has passed through the film, while moving the film with a low speed in the direction, which is perpendicular to the scanning line, a light diffusing member is disposed closely to the surface opposite to that of the film scanned with the laser light beam and the optical density of the film is detected continuously by leading transmitted and diffused light to a photodetector by means of a bundle of optical fibers.

Abstract: A circuit for correcting a variation in phase of a train of clock pulses detected from a pattern of a coding disc of a rotary encoder which detects the rotation angle of a rotating shaft, comprises an ROM in which data for correction of a phase variation corresponding to the rotation angles of the coding disc are preliminarily stored. The correction data are read from the ROM by designating addresses of the ROM by means of the counter which counts up a train of clock pulses from the rotary encoder before the clock pulse train is subjected to correction. The clock pulses are phase-modulated by the correction data from the ROM to provide a corrected train of clock pulses which correctly represent the rotation angles of the rotating shaft.

Abstract: A surgical equipment for transmitting surgical output power such as laser beam from a hand piece is provided with a pressure sensing element of which resistance changes with the force externally applied to the hand piece so that the pressure sensing element senses an operator holding the hand piece.