Abstract: An apparatus for producing silicon carbide crystal is provided and includes a composite structure formed by a plurality of graphite layers and silicon carbide seed crystals, wherein a density or thickness of each layer of graphite is gradually adjusted to reduce a difference of a thermal expansion coefficient and Young's modulus between the graphite layers and silicon carbide. The composite structure can be stabilized on a top portion or an upper cover of a crucible made of graphite, thereby preventing the silicon carbide crystal from falling off.

Abstract: A solar cell includes a semiconductor substrate, one or more bus bar electrode, and a plurality of finger electrodes. The bus bar electrode and the finger electrodes are disposed on the semiconductor substrate. Conventionally, in a process of forming the finger electrodes by utilizing screen printing, offset may occur. Consequently, the finger electrodes cannot be connected to the bus bar electrode. According to the provided solar cell, the bus bar electrode is formed by using patterned silver and aluminum, to manufacture a wider bus bar electrode than the bus bar electrode in the conventional solar cell without increasing silver consumption, thereby resolving the problem of offset.