Abstract: A biological hair shape change composition including a macromolecular component, a small molecular component and an alkali agent component is provided. The macromolecular component includes a protease belonging to the class of alkaline proteases, and the small molecular component includes a peptide with reduction activity. Both the macromolecular component and the small molecular component are obtained from a fermentation product of Bacillus licheniformis and a keratin and/or keratin polymer-containing medium. Molecular weights of ingredients in the macromolecular component are greater than or equal to 3 kDa and are 3-1000 kDa, and molecular weights of ingredients in the small molecular component are less than 3 kDa and are 0.01-2.99 kDa.

Abstract: A tracer particle is provided. The tracer particle includes: a core structure; a nucleic acid molecule immobilized on the core structure; and a shell layer covering the core structure and the nucleic acid molecule; wherein the core structure has a first porosity, the shell layer has a second porosity, and the first porosity is greater than the second porosity.

Abstract: A tracer particle is provided. The tracer particle includes: a core structure; a nucleic acid molecule immobilized on the core structure; and a shell layer covering the core structure and the nucleic acid molecule; wherein the core structure has a first porosity, the shell layer has a second porosity, and the first porosity is greater than the second porosity.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a culturing medium for culturing a bacterium of genus Tepidimonas, including: a carbon source which is an organic acid, selected from a group consisting of acetate, lactate and butyrate; a nitrogen source selected from a group consisting of ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4), ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and urea; phosphate; magnesium chloride (MgCl2); yeast extract; and trace elements.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method for producing extracellular proteins from genus Tepidimonas, including: performing a fermentation culturing to a bacteria of genus Tepidimonas with a culturing medium to form a fermented liquid, wherein the composition of the culturing medium includes a carbon source which is an organic acid, selected from a group consisting of acetate, lactate and butyrate; a nitrogen source selected from a group consisting of (NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3, NH4Cl and urea; phosphate; carbonate; MgCl2; yeast extract; and trace elements, and wherein the gas feeding rate for the fermentation culturing is about 0-0.1 vvm; and after the fermentation culturing is completed, collecting the fermented liquid, wherein the fermented liquid contains extracellular protein secreted from the bacteria of genus Tepidimonas.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method for producing extracellular proteins from genus Tepidimonas, including: performing a fermentation culturing to a bacteria of genus Tepidimonas with a culturing medium to form a fermented liquid, wherein the composition of the culturing medium includes a carbon source which is an organic acid, selected from a group consisting of acetate, lactate and butyrate; a nitrogen source selected from a group consisting of (NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3, NH4Cl and urea; phosphate; carbonate; MgCl2; yeast extract; and trace elements, and wherein the gas feeding rate for the fermentation culturing is about 0-0.1 vvm; and after the fermentation culturing is completed, collecting the fermented liquid, wherein the fermented liquid contains extracellular protein secreted from the bacteria of genus Tepidimonas.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a culturing medium for culturing a bacterium of genus Tepidimonas, including: a carbon source which is an organic acid, selected from a group consisting of acetate, lactate and butyrate; a nitrogen source selected from a group consisting of ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4), ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and urea; phosphate; magnesium chloride (MgCl2); yeast extract; and trace elements.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus including an LED comprises a battery holder, an AC/DC adapter interface, an LED unit, and a switch unit. The battery holder is configured to receive a battery. The AC/DC adapter interface is connected to an AC/DC adapter. When the AC/DC adapter is not connected to the AC/DC adapter interface, the switch unit is turned on to allow the driving unit to receive power from the battery. When the AC/DC adapter is connected to the AC/DC adapter interface, the switch unit is turned off to allow the driving unit to receive power from the AC/DC adapter. A driving circuit applied in an illumination apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus including an LED comprises a battery holder, an AC/DC adapter interface, an LED unit, and a switch unit. The battery holder is configured to receive a battery. The AC/DC adapter interface is connected to an AC/DC adapter. When the AC/DC adapter is not connected to the AC/DC adapter interface, the switch unit is turned on to allow the driving unit to receive power from the battery. When the AC/DC adapter is connected to the AC/DC adapter interface, the switch unit is turned off to allow the driving unit to receive power from the AC/DC adapter. A driving circuit applied in an illumination apparatus is also provided.