Abstract: A heat dissipation apparatus for circuit boards includes a heat transfer plate, at least one heat transfer tube located on the heat transfer plate, a first radiator located on the heat transfer plate, a shell mounted onto the heat transfer plate, an airflow generator located in the shell, at least one latch member latching on the heat transfer plate, and a filter located on the shell. The heat dissipation apparatus is mounted onto a circuit board (such as, but not limited to, interface card, processor circuit board) for discharging heat generated by various elements to ensure stable operations of the elements.

Abstract: A heat dissipation apparatus for circuit boards includes a heat transfer plate, at least one heat transfer tube located on the heat transfer plate, a first radiator located on the heat transfer plate, a shell mounted onto the heat transfer plate, an airflow generator located in the shell, at least one latch member latching on the heat transfer plate, and a filter located on the shell. The heat dissipation apparatus is mounted onto a circuit board (such as, but not limited to, interface card, processor circuit board) for discharging heat generated by various elements to ensure stable operations of the elements.

Abstract: A heat dissipating apparatus for use with an interface card including a display card or other add-on card has a heat sink, a heat pipe located on the heat sink and an airflow generator located on the hear sink. The apparatus can discharge heat generated by the interface card to the outside of the computer casing so that heat is not trapped inside the computer casing thereby achieving effective heat dissipation.

Abstract: A heat dissipation apparatus mounted onto an interface card includes a radiator, a heat conductive tube located on the radiator and an airflow generator located on the radiator. The apparatus can discharge heat generated by the interface card outside the computer casing so that the heat is not trapped inside the computer casing thereby to achieve effective heat dissipation.

Abstract: A system for compensating for the effects of friction and other forces reting from repeatable disturbances in a servo system or a numerically controlled machine employs a software-based mathematical model which has certain parameters associated therewith. The parameters are calibrated for the specific characteristics of the system using either off-line or on-line methods, and include dynamic correction for continuous correction, as would be required to compensate for forces which disturb a desired motion. The compensation model is implemented in two stages: (i) building a calibrated mathematical model that describes a repeatable disturbance force, such as friction, and (ii) using the model in real time to compensate for the disturbance force. The model provides a compensation signal which is combined with the original controller signal to yield a compensated control signal. The compensation may be in the form of a position offset.