Abstract: A calibration device for a medical imaging system is provided. The calibration device includes a structural framework and multiple markers arranged on the structural framework. At least one of the following two conditions are satisfied: at least two markers are with different absorption rates for a radiation used by the medical imaging system; and at least two positions within one of the markers are with different absorption rates for the radiation.

Abstract: A method for navigating an operation performed by a surgical system is provided. The method includes: obtaining an image including a feature on the surgical system; determining, based on encoder outputs of arm joints of the surgical system, a first feature position with respect to a first coordinate system; determining, based on the image, a second feature position with respect to a second coordinate system; determining a transformation relationship between the first and second coordinate systems based on the first and second positions; determining, during the operation, based on the encoder outputs, a position of an instrument used for the operation with respect to the first coordinate system; determining, based on the position and the transformation relationship, another position of the instrument with respect to the second coordinate system; and displaying at least one part of the instrument in an image based on the other position.

Abstract: An aiming system includes a positioner, an aiming device, and a processor. The positioner has a function of acquiring spatial information, and the aiming device is connected to the positioner, and the processor is connected to the positioner or the aiming device. A method of using the aiming system is also provided. Surgical guidance is more intuitive by directly combining the positioner with the aiming device.

Abstract: A navigation method for a medical operation and implemented by a robotic system is provided. The method includes the steps of: receiving, at a processor of the robotic system, at least one set of navigation data; receiving or generating at least one three-dimensional model of the virtual object in the navigation data; calculating the navigation data to generate a virtual environment and at least one navigation instruction; and presenting, at a user interface associated with the robotic system, the virtual environment and/or the navigation instruction to a user of the robotic system for the user to refer to during the medical operation.

Abstract: A surgery assistive system includes an instrument having a tool and a manipulator connected to the tool, a spatial sensor system for detecting spatial information of the tool, and a computer system for manipulating a kinematic state of the manipulator. A method for obtaining surface information by the surgery assistive system includes the steps of: defining a target region and a plurality of reference points on a virtual anatomical model of a subject; prompting a user to generate sampling information by using the instrument to sample a plurality of sampling points on the subject corresponding to the reference points; and designating the sampling information as surface information of the sampling points. Each piece of the sampling information includes a coordinate of one of the sampling points, an angle of a contact of the tool at the sampling point, and parameters associated with the contact.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to the drilling control system and the drilling control method for surgical applications. The drilling control system may comprise a drilling device, a spatial sensor system and a control unit. The control unit may receive and store biomechanical information, mechanical information and spatial information to generate drilling information and control output, and calculate a discrepancy index according to the biomechanical information and the drilling information. The discrepancy index is calculated according to cross correlation of a slope of the biomechanical information and a slope of the drilling information. With the present disclosure, the accuracy and safety of drilling process is greatly improved.

Abstract: A navigation method for a medical operation and implemented by a robotic system is provided. The method includes the steps of: receiving, at a processor of the robotic system, at least one set of navigation data; receiving or generating at least one three-dimensional model of the virtual object in the navigation data; calculating the navigation data to generate a virtual environment and at least one navigation instruction; and presenting, at a user interface associated with the robotic system, the virtual environment and/or the navigation instruction to a user of the robotic system for the user to refer to during the medical operation.

Abstract: A surgery assistive system includes an instrument having a tool and a manipulator connected to the tool, a spatial sensor system for detecting spatial information of the tool, and a computer system for manipulating a kinematic state of the manipulator. A method for obtaining surface information by the surgery assistive system includes the steps of: defining a target region and a plurality of reference points on a virtual anatomical model of a subject; prompting a user to generate sampling information by using the instrument to sample a plurality of sampling points on the subject corresponding to the reference points; and designating the sampling information as surface information of the sampling points. Each piece of the sampling information includes a coordinate of one of the sampling points, an angle of a contact of the tool at the sampling point, and parameters associated with the contact.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to the drilling control system and the drilling control method for surgical applications. The drilling control system may comprise a drilling device, a spatial sensor system and a control unit. The control unit may receive and store biomechanical information, mechanical information and spatial information to generate control output. With the present disclosure, the accuracy and safety of drilling process is greatly improved.

Abstract: A pixel structure is provided. A data line and a scan line are disposed over a substrate. A first, a second, and a third thin film transistors (TFT) are electrically connected with the data line and the scan line respectively. A first width-to-length ratio, a second width-to-length ratio and a third width-to-length ratio of the first, second and third TFTs are the same. An impedance layer and the first TFT are connected in series. A first, a second, and a third pixel electrodes are electrically connected with the first, the second and the third TFTs respectively. A first, a second, and a third common line are disposed below the first, second and third pixel electrodes respectively. The first and second common lines are electrically connected to a first voltage and the third common line is electrically connected to a second voltage.

Abstract: A pixel structure is provided. A data line and a scan line are disposed over a substrate. A first, a second, and a third thin film transistors (TFT) are electrically connected with the data line and the scan line respectively. A first width-to-length ratio, a second width-to-length ratio and a third width-to-length ratio of the first, second and third TFTs are the same. An impedance layer and the first TFT are connected in series. A first, a second, and a third pixel electrodes are electrically connected with the first, the second and the third TFTs respectively. A first, a second, and a third common line are disposed below the first, second and third pixel electrodes respectively. The first and second common lines are electrically connected to a first voltage and the third common line is electrically connected to a second voltage.

Abstract: A pixel structure is provided. A scan line and a data line are disposed over a substrate. A first, second, and third thin film transistors are electrically connected with the data line and the scan line. The width-to-length ratios of the second and third thin film transistors are the same but larger than that of the first thin film transistor. A first, second and third pixel electrodes are electrically connected with the first, the second and the third thin film transistors, respectively. A first, second and third common lines are disposed below the first, second and third pixel electrodes respectively. The first and second common lines are electrically connected to a first voltage and the third common line is electrically connected to a second voltage.

Abstract: A pixel structure is provided. A scan line and a data line are disposed over a substrate. A first, second, and third thin film transistors are electrically connected with the data line and the scan line. The width-to-length ratios of the second and third thin film transistors are the same but larger than that of the first thin film transistor. A first, second and third pixel electrodes are electrically connected with the first, the second and the third thin film transistors, respectively. A first, second and third common lines are disposed below the first, second and third pixel electrodes respectively. The first and second common lines are electrically connected to a first voltage and the third common line is electrically connected to a second voltage.