Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first transistor and a second transistor. The first transistor includes: a first source and a first drain separated by a first distance, a first semiconductor structure disposed between the first source and first drain, a first gate electrode disposed over the first semiconductor structure, and a first dielectric structure disposed over the first gate electrode. The first dielectric structure has a lower portion and an upper portion disposed over the lower portion and wider than the lower portion. The second transistor includes: a second source and a second drain separated by a second distance greater than the first distance, a second semiconductor structure disposed between the second source and second drain, a second gate electrode disposed over the second semiconductor structure, and a second dielectric structure disposed over the second gate electrode. The second dielectric structure and the first dielectric structure have different material compositions.

Abstract: A metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor with asymmetric parallel dies and a method of using the same, including an inductor, a load recognition control unit and a metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor having a first die, a second die, and a switch. The first die is larger in size than the second die. The inductor produces a voltage signal when the load changes. The switch is controlled by the load recognition control unit such that different dies are switched on under different load conditions, thereby improving efficiency under light load condition in addition to reducing volume and cost.

Abstract: A circuit and a method for improving efficiency by use of external inductor for temperature control, wherein the operating temperature of a field effect transistor is calculated by the inductor voltage. The change in operating temperature is used to adjust and control the voltage of the variable voltage gate drive module. When the operating temperature rises, the input voltage of the gate increases accordingly; when the operating temperature decreases, the input voltage of the gate decreases accordingly, thereby achieving the efficiency of regulating light and heavy loads.

Abstract: A packaging structure with a magnetocaloric material, comprising a substrate, a plurality of electrical connection structures, a die, and a sealing compound. A magnetocaloric material is added to the substrate. The die is electrically connected to the substrate through the electrical connection structures, and then encapsulated with the sealing compound. When the packaging structure is turned on, the magnetocaloric material in the substrate creates a magnetocaloric effect, which can not only take away the temperature of the packaging structure through magnetic refrigeration, but also increase the temperature difference between the packaging structure and the outside, thereby improving the efficiency of heat dissipation.

Abstract: A circuit with a metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor and a diode module is applied to a power factor correction circuit, which can effectively reduce the heat generated by the whole system under heavy load. The circuit includes a metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor and a diode module and a load determination unit. The diode module includes a plurality of diodes with a switch. The load determination unit can control the connection/disconnection of each diode in the diode module based on the magnitude of the load current. It can effectively reduce the current generated by each diode due to the load, thereby reducing the heat generation of the overall system. Moreover, due to the contact capacitance effect after the diodes are connected in parallel, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) characteristics of the power factor correction circuit of the system can be further optimized.

Abstract: A circuit with a metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor and a diode module is applied to a power factor correction circuit, which can effectively reduce the heat generated by the whole system under heavy load, The circuit includes a metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor and a diode module and a load determination unit. The diode module includes a plurality of diodes with a switch. The load determination unit can control the connection/disconnection of each diode in the diode module based on the magnitude of the load current. It can effectively reduce the current generated by each diode due to the load, thereby reducing the heat generation of the overall system. Moreover, due to the contact capacitance effect after the diodes are connected in parallel, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) characteristics of the power factor correction circuit of the system can be further optimized.

Abstract: A metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor with asymmetric parallel die and an implementation method thereof, comprising an inductor, a load recognition control unit and a metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor having a first die, a second die, and a switch. The first die is larger in size than the second die. The inductor can produce a voltage signal when the load changes. The switch is controlled by the load recognition control unit such that different dies are switched on under different load conditions, thereby improving efficiency under light load condition in addition to reducing volume and cost.

Abstract: An AC inrush current testing device is disclosure. The AC inrush current testing device includes a grid voltage peak point calculator, a grid voltage period and timing detector, a switch, an autotransformer, and a main relay. The grid voltage period and timing detector is connected to an AC power source and the grid voltage peak point calculator. A movable contact of the switch is connected to the AC power source. A first winding of the autotransformer is connected to the AC power source, a second winding of the autotransformer, and a first stationary contact of the switch. A third winding of the autotransformer is connected to a second stationary contact of the switch and the second winding. The main relay is electrically connected to the grid voltage peak point calculator, the second winding, and the third winding. A method for testing AC inrush current is further disclosed.

Abstract: An AC input voltage detecting device includes a first input, a second input, a determining unit, a first voltage-detecting unit, and a second voltage-detecting unit. The first input and the second input are electrically connected to a neutral line and a live line of an AC power, respectively. The determining unit includes a first power switch, a second power switch, and an output, the first and second power switch are electrically connected in series, and the output is coupled to the second power switch. The first voltage-detecting unit is electrically connected to the first input and the first power switch, the second voltage-detecting unit is electrically connected to the second input and the second power switch. A signal for indicating that the AC power supplies normally is generated from the determining unit while the voltages conducted by the live line and the neutral line are normal.

Abstract: An AC input voltage detecting device includes a first input, a second input, a determining unit, a first voltage-detecting unit, and a second voltage-detecting unit. The first input and the second input are electrically connected to a neutral line and a live line of an AC power, respectively. The determining unit includes a first power switch, a second power switch, and an output, the first and second power switch are electrically connected in series, and the output is coupled to the second power switch. The first voltage-detecting unit is electrically connected to the first input and the first power switch, the second voltage-detecting unit is electrically connected to the second input and the second power switch. A signal for indicating that the AC power supplies normally is generated from the determining unit while the voltages conducted by the live line and the neutral line are normal.

Abstract: An energy-saving power supply apparatus includes a bridge rectifier, a diode bypass circuit and a control circuit. The diode bypass circuit is electrically connected to the bridge rectifier. The control circuit is electrically connected to the diode bypass circuit and the bridge rectifier. The bridge rectifier includes a plurality of diodes. After the control circuit receives a power start signal, the control circuit is configured to control the diode bypass circuit, so that a part of the diodes are bypassed to save energy.

Abstract: An AC inrush current testing device is disclosure. The AC inrush current testing device includes a grid voltage peak point calculator, a grid voltage period and timing detector, a switch, an autotransformer, and a main relay. The grid voltage period and timing detector is connected to an AC power source and the grid voltage peak point calculator. A movable contact of the switch is connected to the AC power source. A first winding of the autotransformer is connected to the AC power source, a second winding of the autotransformer, and a first stationary contact of the switch. A third winding of the autotransformer is connected to a second stationary contact of the switch and the second winding. The main relay is electrically connected to the grid voltage peak point calculator, the second winding, and the third winding. A method for testing AC inrush current is further disclosed.

Abstract: A power supply device includes an output port, a transformer, a power switch, a current sensor, a voltage-dividing controller, a voltage-feedback unit, a voltage comparator, a main controller, and a pulse width modulator. The transformer has two inductances. The power switch is electrically connected to a primary winding of the transformer, the pulse width modulator, and the current sensor coupled to the voltage-dividing controller. The voltage-feedback unit is electrically connected to the voltage-dividing controller, the voltage comparator, and the output port. The main controller is coupled to the pulse width modulator and the voltage comparator.

Abstract: An energy-saving power supply apparatus includes a bridge rectifier, a diode bypass circuit and a control circuit. The diode bypass circuit is electrically connected to the bridge rectifier. The control circuit is electrically connected to the diode bypass circuit and the bridge rectifier. The bridge rectifier includes a plurality of diodes. After the control circuit receives a power start signal, the control circuit is configured to control the diode bypass circuit, so that a part of the diodes are bypassed to save energy.

Abstract: A lamp structure according to the present disclosure includes an electrical base, a tube, a cover covering the tube, at least one solid-state light source positioned within the tube, a thermal conductive material filled in the tube, two electrodes electrically connected to the solid-state light source, and two supporting members. The supporting members stand at the electrical base to hang the tube to be positioned within the cover.

Abstract: An LED lamp according to the present disclosure includes an electrical base, at least one LED chip positioned on the electrical base, a cover covering the LED chip, and a heat dissipation layer formed on the cover. The heat dissipation layer has a thermal conductivity greater than that of the cover.

Abstract: A LED lamp which could directly replace an ordinary tungsten, halogen, or electricity-saving light bulb includes a filament, a lamp base and a thermally conductive electric insulator. The filament includes at least one AC LED device, and the thermally conductive electric insulator is filled in a cavity of the lamp base to mechanically contact with the filament and an electrode of the lamp base. When the AC LED device is powered on, the thermally conductive electric insulator provides a thermal channel to transfer heat from the filament to the electrode for heat dissipation enhancement. The LED lamp can be directly inserted into an ordinary bulb socket that is generally used in lighting fixtures, without having to modify the system of the lighting fixtures or use an additional adapter.

Abstract: A LED lamp which could directly replace an ordinary tungsten, halogen, or electricity-saving light bulb, includes a LED filament, a lamp base, a thermally conductive electric insulator, and a mask. The thermally conductive electric insulator is filled in a cavity of the lamp base, and includes a first portion mechanically contacting the LED filament and an electrode of the lamp base to provide a first thermal channel from the LED filament to the lamp base, and a second portion adhering the mask to the lamp base to provide a second thermal channel from the lamp base to the mask. By using the mask to enlarge the heat dissipation area, a better heat dissipation effect is achieved.

Abstract: Simple, rapid and low-cost assembly methods of a LED lamp are provided. A standard lamp base having two electrodes and a cavity is soldered with a resistor to the first one of the electrodes, and then filled with a thermally conductive electric insulator in the cavity. A circuit board is attached onto the thermally conductive electric insulator and then soldered to the second electrode and the resistor. An LED device is soldered onto the circuit board such that the LED device and the resistor are serially connected between the electrodes. Preferably, the circuit board has a through hole through which a thermally conductive member is inserted into the thermally conductive electric insulator with its lower end, and the LED device is placed onto the upper end of the thermally conductive member.

Abstract: Simple, rapid and low-cost assembly methods of a LED lamp are provided. A standard lamp base having two electrodes and a cavity is soldered with a resistor to the first one of the electrodes, and then filled with a thermally conductive electric insulator in the cavity. A circuit board is attached onto the thermally conductive electric insulator and then soldered to the second electrode and the resistor. An LED device is soldered onto the circuit board such that the LED device and the resistor are serially connected between the electrodes. Preferably, the circuit board has a through hole through which a thermally conductive member is inserted into the thermally conductive electric insulator with its lower end, and the LED device is placed onto the upper end of the thermally conductive member.