Abstract: A method for performing template-based intra mode derivation (TIMD) with enhanced candidate intra-prediction modes is provided. A video coder determines a set of most probable modes (MPMs) for intra-coding the current block based on intra-prediction modes used to code neighboring blocks of the current block. The video coder determines a template of the current block among already-reconstructed pixels neighboring the current block. The video coder determines a set of candidate intra-prediction modes to include (i) the set of MPMs and (ii) one or more intra-prediction modes neighboring an MPM in the set of MPMs. The video coder derives an intra-prediction mode from the set of candidate intra-prediction modes based on the determined template and the set of candidate intra-prediction modes. The video coder encodes or decodes the current block by using the derived intra-prediction mode to generate an intra-prediction.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for video coding are disclosed. According to one method, a selected set of angular intra prediction candidate modes corresponding to a subset of an initial set of angular intra prediction modes is used to derive DIMD candidates. In another method, a delta angle between the final intra prediction mode and a DIMD derived mode is signalled or parsed. In yet another method, a DIMD candidate mode is determined by using a process including comparing gradient magnitudes of the gradient filtered results with a threshold.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for video coding. A current block is partitioned into one or more sub-blocks. The partitioning process comprises: signalling or parsing a first syntax where the first syntax is indicative of whether to split the current block; and in response to the first syntax indicating the current block being split, signalling or parsing a second syntax where the second syntax is indicative of whether to use a shortcut mode to indicate a target partition from predefined partitions directly. The sub-blocks are then encoded or decoded. According to another method, the partitioning process comprises signalling or parsing a first syntax where the first syntax is indicative of whether to split the current block; and in response to the first syntax, signalling or parsing a second syntax where the second syntax is indicative of one or more conditions comprising whether one of predefined partitions being applied to the current block.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for video coding. According to the method, input data associated with a picture area having a first-colour picture area and a second-colour picture area are received, where the input data comprise pixel data for the picture area to be encoded at an encoder side or coded data associated with the picture area to be decoded at a decoder side, and where the first-colour picture area is partitioned into one or more first-colour blocks according to a first-colour splitting tree and the second-colour picture area is partitioned into one or more second-colour blocks according to a second-colour splitting tree. Entropy encoding or decoding is applied to the second-colour splitting tree using context formation, where the context formation has information related to the first-colour splitting tree. The one or more first-colour blocks and the one or more second-colour blocks are then encoded or decoded.

Abstract: In an integrated circuit (IC) fabrication process, devices or sub-circuits are fabricated in respective first and second electrical isolation regions. A back-to-back (B2B) diodes sub-circuit is fabricated in a third electrical isolation region, which includes a first diode whose cathode is connected with a first terminal and whose anode is connected with a second terminal, and a second diode whose anode is connected with the first terminal and whose cathode is connected with the second terminal. Electrostatic discharge protection is provided to the first and second electrical isolation regions by electrically connecting the first terminal of the B2B diodes sub-circuit with a VSS power supply terminal of the first device or sub-circuit and the second terminal of the B2B diodes sub-circuit with a VSS power supply terminal of the second device or sub-circuit. Thereafter, the first device or sub-circuit and the second device or sub-circuit are electrically connected.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for video coding. According to the method for the decoder side, coded data associated with a current block to be decoded is received. A curved intra prediction model associated with a curved intra prediction mode is determined for the current block, where the curved intra prediction model is derived based on a template of the current block or based on decoder side intra mode derivation using statistics or histogram of angle field derived from the template of the current block. The template comprises at least 3 lines in a neighbouring region of the current block. The current block is decoded using one or more intra prediction mode candidates including the curved intra prediction mode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for video coding are disclosed. According to this method, a first predictor including predicted samples of the current block is determined for the second-colour block. At least one second predictor is determined for the second-colour block based on the first-colour block, where one or more target model parameters associated with at least one target prediction model corresponding to said at least one second predictor are derived implicitly by using neighbouring samples of the second colour block and/or neighbouring samples of the first-colour block, and where said at least one second predictor corresponds to all or one subset of predicted samples of the current block. A final predictor is generated by blending the first predictor and said at least one second predictor. The input data associated with the second-colour block is encoded or decoded using prediction data including the final predictor.

Abstract: A video coding system that uses implicit signaling for multiple-pass decoder-side motion vector refinement (MP-DMVR) is provided. A video coder receives data for a block of pixels to be encoded or decoded as a current block of a current picture of a video. The current block is associated with a first motion vector referring a first initial predictor and a second motion vector referring a second initial predictor. The video coder refines the first and second motion vectors to minimize first, second, and third costs according to first, second, and third refinement modes, respectively. The video coder selects a refinement mode based on a comparison of the first, second, and third costs. The video coder encodes or decodes the current block by using the selected refinement mode to modify the first and second motion vectors to reconstruct the current block.

Abstract: A video coder using bilateral template to perform decoder-side motion vector refinement is provided. The video coder receives receiving data for a block of pixels to be encoded or decoded as a current block of a current picture of a video. The current block is associated with a first motion vector referring a first initial predictor in a first reference picture and a second motion vector referring a second initial predictor in a second reference picture. The video coder generates a bilateral template based on the first initial predictor and the second initial predictor. The video coder refines the first motion vector to minimize a first cost between the bilateral template and a predictor referenced by the refined first motion vector. The video coder refines the second motion vector to minimize a second cost between the bilateral template and a predictor referenced by the refined second motion vector.

Abstract: A video coder receives data for a block of pixels to be encoded or decoded as a current block of a current picture of a video. The video coder receives a set of transform coefficients of the current block. The video coder identifies multiple transform hypotheses. Each hypothesis includes two or more predicted transform parameters. The video coder computes a cost for each hypothesis by performing inverse transform on the transform coefficients of the current block according to the predicted transform parameters of the hypothesis. The video coder signals or receives a codeword that identifies a first transform mode of a first transform parameter. The codeword is assigned to the first transform mode based on the calculated costs of the multiple transform hypotheses. The video coder encodes or decodes the current block by reconstructing the current block according to the identified first transform mode.

Abstract: A method for signaling arbitrary partition boundaries is provided. A video coder derives a partitioning structure for splitting the current block by identifying a partitioning position having a lowest cost. The video coder splits the current block into first and second partitions according to the identified partitioning position. The video coder encodes or decodes the first and second partitions of the current block. The first and second partitions may be associated with first and second templates that are constructed based on reconstructed pixels neighboring the current block. The video coder may identify the partitioning position by computing a first cost based on the first template and a second cost based on the second template and optimizing the partitioning position to minimize a sum of the first and second costs.

Abstract: An antenna includes a grounding plate; a first electric dipole; a first feeding unit, where the first feeding unit includes a first coupling structure coupled to the first electric dipole, and the first feeding unit performs coupled feeding on the first electric dipole through the first coupling structure; a second electric dipole, where the second electric dipole is disposed between the first electric dipole and the grounding plate; a second feeding unit, where the second feeding unit includes a second coupling structure coupled to the second electric dipole, and the second feeding unit performs coupled feeding on the second electric dipole through the second coupling structure; and a magnetic dipole, where the magnetic dipole is electrically connected to the grounding plate, the first electric dipole, and the second electric dipole.

Abstract: A video coding system that reorders prediction candidates is provided. A video coder receives data for a block of pixels to be encoded or decoded as a current block of a current picture of a video. The video coder identifies possible candidate prediction positions. The video coder computes a cost for each of the identified possible candidate prediction positions. The video coder assigns, based on the computed costs, a reordered index to each of N lowest cost candidate prediction positions from the identified possible candidate prediction positions. The video coder selects a candidate prediction position using the assigned reordered indices, wherein the selection is signaled in or parsed from the bitstream. The video coder encodes or decodes the current block by using the selected candidate prediction position.

Abstract: A method that reorders partitioning candidates or motion vectors based on template matching costs for geometric prediction mode (GPM) is provided. A video coder receives data to be encoded or decoded as a current block of a current picture of a video. The current block is partitioned into first and second partitions by a bisecting line defined by an angle-distance pair. The video coder identifies a list of candidate prediction modes for coding the first and second partitions. The video coder computes a template matching (TM) cost for each candidate prediction mode in the list. The video coder receives or signals a selection of a candidate prediction mode based on an index that is assigned to the selected candidate prediction mode based on the computed TM costs. The video coder reconstructs the current block by using the selected candidate prediction mode to predict the first and second partitions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for video coding are disclosed for the encoder side and the decoder side. According to the method for the decoder side, encoded data associated with a current block is received. A pseudo GPM in a target GPM group for the current block is determined. The current block is divided into one or more subblocks. Assigned MVs (Motion Vectors) of each subblock are determined according to the pseudo GPM. A cost for each GPM in the target GPM group is determined according to decoded data. A selected GPM is determined based on a mode syntax and a reordered target GPM group corresponding to the target GPM group reordered according to the costs, wherein the pseudo GPM is allowed to be different from the selected GPM. The encoded data is decoded using information comprising the selected GPM.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for analyzing embedding spaces using large language models. In one aspect, a method performed by one or more computers for analyzing a target embedding space using a neural network configured to perform a set of machine learning tasks is described. The method includes: obtaining, for each of one or more entities, a respective domain embedding representing the entity in the target embedding space; receiving a text prompt including a sequence of input tokens describing a particular machine learning task in the set to be performed on the one or more entities; preparing, for the neural network, an input sequence including each input token in the text prompt and each domain embedding; and processing the input sequence, using the neural network, to generate a sequence of output tokens describing a result of the particular machine learning task.

Abstract: Video encoding or decoding methods and apparatuses include receiving input data associated with a current block in a current picture, determining a preload region in a reference picture shared by two or more coding configurations of affine prediction or motion compensation or by two or more affine refinement iterations, loading reference samples in the preload region, generating predictors for the current block, and encoding or decoding the current block according to the predictors. The predictors associated with the affine refinement iterations or coding configurations are generated based on some of the reference samples in the preload region.

Abstract: An antenna-in-module includes a ground plate, three radiating elements, and two feed stubs. A first radiating element and a ground plate are arranged at an interval along a Z-axis and are disposed opposite to each other. The first radiating element and a second radiating element are arranged at an interval along an X-axis. A first gap between the first radiating element and the second radiating element extends along a Y-axis. A third radiating element and the second radiating element are arranged at an interval along the Z-axis and are disposed opposite to each other. At least a part of a first feed stub is disposed in a first aperture that includes space between the first gap and the ground plate. At least a part of a second feed stub is disposed in a second aperture that includes space between the second radiating element and the third radiating element.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for inter prediction in video coding system are disclosed. According to the method, one or more model parameters of one or more cross-color models for the second-color block are determined. Then, cross-color predictors for the second-color block are determined, wherein one cross-color predictor value for the second-color block is generated for each second-color pixel of the second-color block by applying said one or more cross-color models to corresponding reconstructed or predicted first-color pixels. The input data associated with the second-color block is encoded using prediction data comprising the cross-color predictors for the second-color block at the encoder side, or the input data associated with the second-color block is decoded using the prediction data comprising the cross-color predictors for the second-color block at the decoder side.

Abstract: A power semiconductor device and a method of manufacturing a power semiconductor device is provided, including a shield gate trench (SGT) metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). The present disclosure provides for a MOSFET with a reduced charge between the gate conductive region and the drain or collector region, in order to improve the switching efficiency of the MOSFET.