Abstract: An aeronautical apparatus, the combination comprising a primary airfoil having at least one panel which is an upper panel, a lower panel, and multiple gas containing tubes associated with the airfoil and extending lengthwise thereof, the tubes including relatively larger cross-section tubes positioned chordwise of the airfoil, and relatively smaller cross-section positioners located to stabilize the relatively larger cross-section tubes.

Abstract: An aeronautical apparatus, the combination comprising a primary airfoil having at least one panel which is an upper panel, a lower panel, and multiple gas containing tubes associated with the airfoil and extending lengthwise thereof, the tubes including relatively larger cross-section tubes positioned chordwise of the airfoil, and relatively smaller cross-section positioners located to stabilize the relatively larger cross-section tubes.

Abstract: In apparatus to facilitate cleaning teeth with tap water the first combination comprising a gasket, a bucket, a tubing, a clamp, a handle, and a discharging tube; the second combination comprising a gasket, a bucket, a clamp, a container, two pieces of tubing, a handle, and a discharging tube; the third combination comprising a bucket, a tubing, a handle, and a discharging tube; the fourth combination comprising a bucket, a container, two pieces of tubing, a handle, and a discharging tube.

Abstract: A dental floss applicator includes an applicator head, and protrusions on the head defining first and second floss engaging surfaces, and a third surface spaced from the first and second surfaces, to engage a primary strand of floss extending from the first surface to the third surface, and to engage a secondary strand of floss extending from the second surface to the third surface. The strands may be portions of a continuous loop of floss engaging all three surfaces, which may be located on multiple legs protruding from the head, and that loop may be disengagable from the one leg for finger simultaneous manipulation of two spaced flossing strands as during flossing.

Abstract: In apparatus to facilitate vacuum cleaning carpets with obstacles, the first combination comprising a suction base, at least two of each of the following components: suction heads, suction hoses, suction head position rods, dusting brush holders, dusting brush rocking devices, pairs of spring supports, and springs, the second combination comprising a suction base, at least two of each of the following components: suction heads, suction ducts, suction head position rods, dusting brush holders, dusting brush rocking devices, pairs of spring supports, and springs; the third combination comprising a suction base, at least two of each of the following components: suction heads, suction ducts, dusting brush rocking rods, dusting brush holders, dusting brush rocking devices, pairs of spring supports, and springs; the fourth combination comprising a suction base, at least two of each of the following components: suction heads, suction ducts, suction head position keepers, dusting brush rocking rods, dusting brush hol

Abstract: A photoelectric keyboard switch apparatus comprising a first structure to produce and detect laterally directed and longitudinally spaced first light beams at a first level in a simulated keyboard area, which is open; a second structure to produce and detect longitudinally directed, laterally spaced second light beams at or proximate to the first level, in the area, whereby the first and second light beams produce a grid-like pattern having cross-over nodes; a third structure to produce and detect third light beams at a second level or levels, whereby user's finger interruption of a third beam occurs in conjunction with finger interruption of the first and second beam at or near one or more nodes.

Abstract: In apparatus to facilitate picking of fruits, one combination comprising a pole, a rigid basket which is mounted on the pole, and a cutter which is a plate having a cutting wedge or cutting wedges and which is mounted transversely on a side wall of the basket; another combination comprising a pole, a cutter mounting device which is clamped onto one end of the pole, a cutter which is a plate having a cutting wedge or cutting wedges and which is mounted on the cutter mounting device, a fruit holder mounting device which is mounted on the cutter mounting device, and a fruit holder which is a bag made of flexible material and which is mounted onto the fruit holder mounting device.

Abstract: The method of moving fresh water via the sea, that includes providing a bag to float in the sea, and filling fresh water into the bag at a fill location; towing the bag in the sea, to a fresh water removal location; providing an apparatus floating in the sea at the location and having a sump, and transferring fresh water from the bag to the sump; providing a floating fresh water transfer duct to extend from the location to a water-receiving point, and transferring fresh water from the sump to the water-receiving point by flowing the fresh water through the floating transfer duct; and towing the bag from which fresh water has been transferred away from the water removal location for reuse as by fresh water refilling into the bag.

Abstract: A floating solar pool heater unit including a solar energy collector plate on the top, a float foam in the middle, and one directional or two directional heat conducting elements. The float foam maintains the flotation of the heater unit. The two directional heat conducting elements including energy conducting rivets, energy dispersing plates, or energy dispersing chains conduct hat from the solar energy collector plate to the pool water, or vice versa. The uni-directional heat conducting variation includes uni-direction heat conductors, energy dispersing plates, energy dispersing members such as chains, and conducts heat from solar energy collector plate or plates to pool water but prevents heat from escaping from pool water by reverse flow. The units can be used individually, or jointly to form a pool cover.

Abstract: In apparatus to facilitate reading of a book or the like by a reader looking upward and rearwardly, the combination comprising support means; a carrier for the book or the like, the carrier supported by the support means so that the book or the like faces forwardly; a first mirror spaced generally forwardly of the carrier and having a reflecting surface facing toward the carrier; a second mirror spaced generally upwardly relative to the first mirror and having a reflecting surface facing forwardly and downwardly toward the eye of the reader; and the mirrors having relative positions characterized in that an optical path extends from a book or the like on the carrier to the first mirror reflecting surface, then to the second mirror reflecting surface, and then to the eye of the reader.

Abstract: In a surfboard assembly, the combination comprises a longitudinally forwardly elongated structure including flotation means, and having opposite ends; and means carried by the structures to support one foot of a surfer or to be manually operated by the other foot of the surfer to propel the surfboard assembly forwardly.

Abstract: Low density liquids are filled into bags with or without assistance of filling floats which are floating docks with bag chambers on the tops. The bags will float and can be transported across oceans alone or together by sea currents or by towing. The bags can be drained by pumping or by using draining floats and draining towers. The draining floats are floating docks with bag chambers on the tops. The draining towers are structures for transporting drained liquids onto shores though liquids conveying systems.

Abstract: A main accessory and a pair of optional end auxiliaries can be added onto a triangular scale or a ruler to measure the length of a curve. The main accessory can provide a movable pivot for the triangular scale or the ruler. The end auxiliaries can assure the ability of slide of the main accessory on the ruler. The end auxiliaries can also assist the pivoting ability of the triangular scale or the ruler.