Abstract: An improved underground broadcasting system is composed of an information delivering system 14 for delivering broadcast information to a transmitter apparatus; a plurality of transmitter apparatuses 13a and 13b for transmitting the broadcast information as delivered from the information delivering system on carriers as modulated by an OFDM modulation at the same base band frequency; and a receiver apparatus for receiving the broadcast information as transmitted on the carriers as modulated by the OFDM modulation, demodulating the broadcast information in order to obtain and output the broadcast information as reproduced. It is therefore possible to receive data of a program with a better quality even in an underground structure.

Abstract: A key signal such as a TV signal or the like is provided to a liquid crystal TV panel, by which an image of a desired shape is displayed on the display screen of the liquid crystal TV panel at a position where an optical effect is intended to be produced. Light from a light source is applied to the liquid crystal TV panel, transmitted or reflected light therefrom is incident to an optical filter, and the image of transmitted light therefrom is picked up by a TV camera. The video output of the TV camera is mixed, by a video mixer, with a video signal of the image to be added with the optical effect.