Abstract: To provide a contact member which prevents a component derived from a liquid composition, from being transferred from a contacted member to a contact member, even in a case where the contact member and the contacted member are used for a long period of time in a manner of being in contact with each other (Means of Achieving the object) A contact member configured to contact a contacted member to which a liquid composition is applied, includes a surface layer (A) configured to contact the contacted member, wherein the surface layer (A) includes a support layer including alumite sulfate, the surface layer (A) has a root mean square height Sq of 1.0 ?m or more, and the surface layer (A) has an orthogonal line roughness ratio of 0.7 or more.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes: a nozzle plate having multiple nozzle holes from which a liquid is to be discharged in a liquid discharge direction, the multiple nozzle holes arrayed in a nozzle array direction orthogonal to the liquid discharge direction; and a pressure chamber communicating with the multiple nozzle holes, wherein a volume Vmin of a virtual hemisphere S1 is 5×105 ?m3 or more and 5×106 ?m3 or less, and a volume Vmax of a virtual hemisphere S2 is five times or more and less than 1000 times the volume Vmin, each of the multiple nozzle holes has a virtual center line, and the nozzle plate has an inner surface defining a wall of the pressure chamber, the inner surface having multiple openings of each of the multiple nozzle holes.

Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes a first head, a second head, and circuitry. The first head has a first nozzle array having first nozzles arrayed in an array direction. The second head is disposed adjacent to the first head in an intersecting direction intersecting the array direction. The second head has a second nozzle array having second nozzles arrayed in the array direction. The circuitry causes the first head and the second head to discharge liquid droplets to form mask pattern having first pixels and second pixels arrayed in the array direction. The mask pattern further has intersecting pixels having either one of the first pixels or the second pixels consecutively arrayed in the intersecting direction. A number of the first pixels and a number of the second pixels consecutively arrayed in the array direction is equal to or less than the predetermined value.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion contains emulsion resin particles that contains pigment enclosing emulsion resin particles enclosing an inorganic pigment, wherein the pigment enclosing emulsion resin particles have a 50 percent cumulative volume particle diameter (D50) of from 40 to 300 nm as measured by laser diffraction scattering method, wherein the pigment enclosing emulsion resin particles have an average aspect ratio of from 1.0 to 1.5.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a nozzle plate and a channel substrate. The nozzle plate has a nozzle from which a liquid is dischargeable in a first direction. The channel substrate is laminated over the nozzle plate. The channel substrate has a pressure chamber, an individual supply chamber having a first height h1, and a fluid restrictor. The liquid flows from the individual supply chamber to the pressure chamber through the fluid restrictor in a second direction. The fluid restrictor has a width narrower than each of a width of the pressure chamber and a width of the individual supply chamber in a third direction, and a second height h2 smaller than the first height h1 in the first direction. The first height h1 of the individual supply chamber and the second height h2 of the fluid restrictor satisfy 0.3?h2/h1?0.6.

Abstract: (Object) To provide a contact member which prevents a component derived from a liquid composition, from being transferred from a contacted member to a contact member, even in a case where the contact member and the contacted member are used for a long period of time in a manner of being in contact with each other (Means of Achieving the object) A contact member configured to contact a contacted member to which a liquid composition is applied, includes a surface layer (A) configured to contact the contacted member, wherein the surface layer (A) includes a support layer including alumite sulfate, the surface layer (A) has a root mean square height Sq of 1.0 ?m or more, and the surface layer (A) has an orthogonal line roughness ratio of 0.7 or more.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes: a nozzle plate having multiple nozzle holes from which a liquid is to be discharged in a liquid discharge direction, the multiple nozzle holes arrayed in a nozzle array direction orthogonal to the liquid discharge direction; and a pressure chamber communicating with the multiple nozzle holes, wherein a volume Vmin of a virtual hemisphere S1 is 5×105 ?m3 or more and 5×106 ?m3 or less, and a volume Vmax of a virtual hemisphere S2 is five times or more and less than 1000 times the volume Vmin, each of the multiple nozzle holes has a virtual center line, and the nozzle plate has an inner surface defining a wall of the pressure chamber, the inner surface having multiple openings of each of the multiple nozzle holes.

Abstract: A drying device includes a heating member for conveying and heating a heating subject in a contact manner on which a liquid composition has been applied, the heating member including a substrate, a surface layer disposed on the substrate, the surface layer including a supporting layer including sulfuric acid anodized aluminum film having concave portions and non-concave portions, and a fluororesin at least partially attached to the concave portions, and a heating device for heating the heating subject via the surface layer, and a temperature measuring member for measuring the temperature of a temperature measuring point in a region of the heating member that has contacted the heating subject in a non-contact manner.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming method including: applying an ink to a print medium and heating the print medium to which the ink is applied at a heating temperature of 60 degrees C. or higher. The ink contains pigment-encapsulating resin particles comprising a pigment and a resin encapsulating the pigment. A proportion of the pigment alone exposed without being encapsulated with the resin is 10% by mass or less relative to solid components contained in the ink. Amass ratio of the pigment to the resin in the pigment-encapsulating resin particles is 0.25 or greater but 1.0 or less. A contact angle ?m (°) of the ink when the ink is dropped by 5 microliters onto a print medium at 73 degrees C. is 25° or less.

Abstract: A drying device includes a heating member for conveying and heating a heating subject in a contact manner on which a liquid composition has been applied, the heating member including a substrate, a surface layer disposed on the substrate, the surface layer including a supporting layer including sulfuric acid anodized aluminum film having concave portions and non-concave portions, and a fluororesin at least partially attached to the concave portions, and a heating device for heating the heating subject via the surface layer, and a temperature measuring member for measuring the temperature of a temperature measuring point in a region of the heating member that has contacted the heating subject in a non-contact manner.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion contains water and resin particles containing a resin, wherein the resin particles contains pigment-enclosed resin particles containing an inorganic pigment enclosed in the resin, wherein the pigment-enclosed resin particles have a 50 percent cumulative volume particle diameter (D50) of from 40 to 200 nm and a 90 percent cumulative volume particle diameter (D90) of from 70 to 500 nm as measured by laser diffraction scattering, wherein the pigment-enclosed resin particles have an average aspect ratio of from 1.0 to 1.5.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion contains emulsion resin particles that contains pigment enclosing emulsion resin particles enclosing an inorganic pigment, wherein the pigment enclosing emulsion resin particles have a 50 percent cumulative volume particle diameter (D50) of from 40 to 300 nm as measured by laser diffraction scattering method, wherein the pigment enclosing emulsion resin particles have an average aspect ratio of from 1.0 to 1.5.

Abstract: Provided is an ink including: pigment-encapsulating resin particles encapsulating a pigment; and resin particles containing a resin different from a resin of the pigment-encapsulating resin particles.

Abstract: White ink includes a crystalline urethane resin and a coloring material.

Abstract: An ink includes a coloring material, a crystalline polyester urethane resin, and a non-crystalline polyurethane resin, wherein dry matter of the ink has a differential scanning calorimetry curve having a melting peak temperature (Tm) of from 30 to 100 degrees C. as measured with a differential scanning calorimeter.

Abstract: White ink includes a crystalline urethane resin and a coloring material.