Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a base and a conductive layer that is disposed on the base and patterned by a plurality of processes. The plurality of processes include providing a mask substrate. The mask substrate includes a first substrate and a patterned substrate. In the cross-sectional view, the width of the first substrate is greater than or equal to the width of the patterned substrate. The plurality of processes include arranging the mask substrate and the base correspondingly. The plurality of processes also include performing exposure and development processes on the conductive layer for patterning the conductive layer, and removing the mask substrate.

Abstract: An audio processing method includes the following steps: receiving audio information; capturing a square wave signal, a white signal, and a speech signal of the audio information; calculating a loudness value of the audio information; calculating a first sound quality value and a second sound quality value of the audio information by using the square wave signal, the white signal, and the speech signal of the audio information; calculating a sound quality level of the audio information by using a first calculation formula, the first calculation formula being the loudness value*[1+(B*the first sound quality value+C*the second sound quality value)], where B and C are respectively values greater than 0 and less than 0.1; and displaying a value of the sound quality level of the audio information.

Abstract: An audio processing method includes the following steps: receiving audio information; capturing a square wave signal, a white signal, and a speech signal of the audio information; calculating a loudness value of the audio information; calculating a first sound quality value and a second sound quality value of the audio information by using the square wave signal, the white signal, and the speech signal of the audio information; calculating a sound quality level of the audio information by using a first calculation formula, the first calculation formula being the loudness value*[1+(B*the first sound quality value+C*the second sound quality value)], where B and C are respectively values greater than 0 and less than 0.1; and displaying a value of the sound quality level of the audio information.

Abstract: A wheel rim device includes a rim member having a bridge extending between two side walls, and a valve device having a valve stem engaged with the bridge and having a sealing member attached to the valve stem for engaging with the bridge and for anchoring the valve stem to the bridge of the rim member and for making an air tight seal between the valve stem and the rim member, and the sealing member includes a casing engaged onto the valve stem and engaged in the space of the bridge and engaged between the valve stem and the bridge for making the air tight seal between the valve stem and the rim member.

Abstract: A wheel rim device includes a rim member having a bridge extending between two side walls, and a valve device having a valve stem engaged with the bridge and having a sealing member attached to the valve stem for engaging with the bridge and for anchoring the valve stem to the bridge of the rim member and for making an air tight seal between the valve stem and the rim member, and the sealing member includes a casing engaged onto the valve stem and engaged between the valve stem and the bridge for further making a solid and stable air tight seal between the valve stem and the rim member. The casing is engaged onto a flanged head of the valve stem for engaging with the bridge.

Abstract: A pump includes a pump housing and an end cap, which is attached to the pump housing at the top and has an oil suction port at one end and an oil relief port at one lateral side. A connecting cap is connectable to the end cap opposite to the pump housing in one of a number of positions in different directions and which has two ports cut through the two opposite ends thereof for letting in and out a fluid to/from a hydraulic motor. Two plugs are selectively fastened to one of the two ends of each of the two ports of the connecting cap to control the flow direction of the fluid passing to/from the hydraulic motor through the connecting cap.

Abstract: A pump is disclosed to include a pump housing, an end cap, which is attached to the pump housing at the top and has an oil suction port at one end and an oil relief port at one lateral side, a connecting cap, which is connectable to the end cap opposite to the pump housing in one of a number of positions in different directions and which has two ports cut through the two opposite ends thereof for letting in and out of a fluid to/from a hydraulic motor, and two plugs selectively fastened to one of the two ends of each of the two ports of the connecting cap to control the flow direction of the fluid passing to/from the hydraulic motor through the connecting cap.

Abstract: A fastening device for a plug, which is plugged into a jack with two ends that each have a threaded hole, the fastening device comprising: a left bolt and a right bolt, each having a main body, a male thread, inserted in the threaded holes of the jack, and several transversal holes; and a securing wire, having two ends, two fastening sections at the two ends, which are inserted into a transversal hole of the left bolt and a transversal hole of the right bolt, two connecting sections, respectively continuing from the fastening sections, and a holding section between the two connecting sections; wherein the securing wire has a securing position for securing the plug on the jack and a releasing position for removing the plug from the jack and is switched between said securing and releasing positions by turning around the fastening sections.