Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a device layer having devices spaced in accordance with a predetermined device pitch, a first metal interconnection layer disposed above the device layer and coupled to the device layer, and a second metal interconnection layer disposed above the first metal interconnection layer and coupled to the first metal interconnection layer through a first via layer. The second metal interconnection layer has metal lines spaced in accordance with a predetermined metal line pitch, and a ratio of the predetermined metal line pitch to predetermined device pitch is less than 1.

Abstract: A transistor includes a gate structure over a substrate, wherein the substrate includes a channel region. The transistor further includes a source/drain (S/D) in the substrate adjacent to the gate structure. The transistor further includes a lightly doped drain (LDD) region adjacent to the S/D, wherein a dopant concentration in the first LDD is less than a dopant concentration in the S/D. The transistor further includes a doping extension region adjacent the LDD region, wherein the doping extension region extends farther under the gate structure than the LDD region, and a maximum depth of the doping extension region is 10-times to 30-times greater than a maximum depth of the LDD.

Abstract: A method for obtaining ?-oryzanol comprises: (a) extracting an extract from a raw material containing ?-oryzanol by supercritical fluid extraction; (b) separating a pellet from the extract through solid-liquid separation; and (c) obtaining purified ?-oryzanol from the pellet.

Abstract: A recombinant microorganism for producing 2,3-butanediol consisting of selecting at least three groups from uridine diphosphate glucose phosphate uroglycan transferase gene (galU), acetyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene (acoA), acetyl phosphate transferase gene (pta), adenosine glucosylphosphate transferase gene (glgC), lactose dehydrogenase gene (ldhA), and phosphodiesterase gene (pdeC) which were modified.

Abstract: A device emitting light from two sides includes a base, a first light emitting surface, and a second light emitting surface. The base comprises a first surface and a second surface, the first surface is depressed to form a receiving groove, the receiving groove comprising a light incidence surface. The first light emitting surface protrudes from the second surface. The second light emitting surface is arranged beside the receiving groove. The second light emitting surface is a micro-structural portion, the micro-structural portion recessed from the first surface towards the second surface and forming a plurality of micro-structures.

Abstract: A device emitting light from two sides includes a base, a first light emitting surface, and a second light emitting surface. The base comprises a first surface and a second surface, the first surface is depressed to form a receiving groove, the receiving groove comprising a light incidence surface. The first light emitting surface protrudes from the second surface. The second light emitting surface is arranged beside the receiving groove. The second light emitting surface is a micro-structural portion, the micro-structural portion recessed from the first surface towards the second surface and forming a plurality of micro-structures.

Abstract: A lamp module includes a lamp housing having a receiving space, a driver received in the receiving space of the lamp housing, a heat sink having a base portion at a front side and a fin portion at a back side, and a lighting module arranged at a front side of the base portion of the heat sink. A front end portion of the lamp housing couples to a back side of the base portion of the heat sink, and the fin portion of the heat sink surrounds the front end portion of the lamp housing.

Abstract: A lens includes a base and a protrusion formed on the base. The base defines a light incident face in a bottom face thereof. The protrusion forms a light emerging face at an outside face thereof. The light emerging face includes a freeform face, a first side face, a second side face, a third side face and a fourth side face. The freeform face, the first side face and the second side face diverge light along a first direction, and the freeform face, the third side face and the fourth side face converge light along a second direction. Thus, a rectangular light pattern is obtained.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) lamp includes a base, LED chips mounted on base, and a lens covering the LED chips and engaging with the base. The lens includes an arc-shaped engaging portion, and an extending portion extending from a radial outer side of a top surface of the engaging portion with a radial inner side of the top surface of the engaging portion exposed. The engaging portion includes an outer side surface. A groove is defined in an underside of the engaging portion and receives the LED chips therein. The extending portion includes an inner light emitting surface extending upwardly and outwardly from the top surface of the engaging portion, an outer light emitting surface extending upwardly from a top edge of the outer side surface of the engaging portion, and a top light emitting surface interconnecting the outer light emitting surface and the inner light emitting surface.

Abstract: An LED lamp includes a radiator, two caps and a light emitting module. The radiator includes a base and a plurality of fins parallel to each other extends along a face of the base, the fins are integrally formed with the base. The two caps are aligned with two opposite ends of the radiator along a longitudinal direction. The light emitting module includes several circuit boards attaching to another face of the base and a plurality of LEDs disposed on the circuit boards. The circuit boards are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the fins, the radiator is cut into pieces with different length according to the arrangement of the circuit board. The present disclosure also provides a method for manufacturing the LED lamp.

Abstract: A lens for covering a light source to diverge light from the light source includes a light incident surface covering the light source, a light outputting surface positioned at lateral sides of the light incident surface; and a light reflecting surface positioned away from the light incident surface and interconnecting the light outputting surface. A reflectivity of the light reflecting surface is greater than a transmissivity thereof. Part of the light striking to the light reflecting surface is reflected by the light reflecting surface and traveling out of the lens via the light outputting surface. The other part of the light strikes to the light reflecting surface traveling out of the lens via the light reflecting surface. The light traveling through the lens has a viewing angle greater than 180 degrees.

Abstract: An exemplary lens includes a periphery acting as a light output surface of the lens, a light input surface surrounded by the light output surface, and a reflecting surface recessed downwardly towards the light input surface and surrounded by the light output surface. A top end of the reflecting surface connects with the light output surface. The reflecting surface extends downwardly and inwardly from top to bottom. Light emitted from the light source travels into the lens from the light input surface; a part of the light directly travels out the lens from the light output surface, and the other part of the light is arrived to the reflecting surface and reflected back to the lens by the reflecting surface and travels out the lens from the light output surface.

Abstract: A luminous device comprises a light emitting diode (LED) light bar, a heat dissipating device thermally connected with the LED light bar, and a lamp cover made of light permissive material, engaging with the heat dissipating device and covering the LED light bar. The lamp cover is semicylindrical shaped and comprises an outer surface and an inner surface opposite to the outer surface and facing the LED light bar. A thickness of the lamp cover in a radial cross section thereof gradually reduces from a middle of the lamp cover to two opposite lateral sides thereof. Light generated by the LED light bar converges toward a plane orthogonally extending through the middle of the lamp cover after the light travels through the lamp cover.

Abstract: A lens includes a light incident surface and a light exiting surface. The light exiting surface includes a first concave surface, a first convex surface, a second convex surface, a first curved surface, and a second curved surface. The first concave surface is located at the center of the light exiting surface for diverging the light exiting therefrom. The first and second convex surface are arranged at two opposite sides of the first concave surface respectively for converging the light exiting therefrom; the first convex surface, the first concave surface, and the second convex surface connect in sequence along a first direction. The first and second curved surfaces are arranged at another two opposite sides of the first concave surface respectively; the first curved surface, the first concave surface, and the second curved surface connect in sequence along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

Abstract: A lens includes a light incident surface and a light exiting surface. The light exiting surface includes a first curved surface, a first convex surface, a second convex surface, a second curved surface, and a third curved surface. The first curved surface is located at the center of the light exiting surface. The first and second convex surfaces are arranged at two opposite sides of the first curved surface respectively for converging the light exiting therefrom, the first convex surface, the first curved surface, and the second convex surface connect in sequence along a first direction. The first and third curved surface are arranged at another two opposite sides of the first curved surface respectively; the second curved surface, the first curved surface, and the third curved surface connect in sequence along a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction.

Abstract: An LED lamp includes a base, a first LED module attached to a bottom surface of the base, a second LED module attached to a top surface of the base, and a reflector engaged on the top surface of the base. The reflector has an outer surface facing and angled with the second LED module. Light generated by the first LED module radiates to a bottom side of the LED lamp, and light generated by the second LED module is reflected by the outer surface of the reflector to radiate out and toward a lateral side of the LED lamp.

Abstract: An LED unit includes an LED and a lens receiving the LED. The lens includes a first light-incident face confronting the LED to refract the light emitted from the LED with a small angle into the lens, a second light-incident face surrounding the LED to refract the light emitted from the LED with a large angle into the lens, a light-reflecting face to reflect the light from the second light-incident face towards a top of the LED, a first light-emergent face to refract the light from the first light-incident face out of the lens, and a second light-emergent face to refract the light from the light-reflecting face out of the lens.